Resolution 138/NQ-CP 2022 National Master Plan for 2021-2030, with a vision toward 2050

RESOLUTION

On the National Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050

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THE GOVERNMENT

Pursuant to the Law on Organization of the Government dated June 19, 2015; and the Law Amending and Supplementing a Number of Articles of the Law on Organization of the Government and the Law on Organization of Local Administration dated November 22, 2019;

Pursuant to the Law on Planning dated November 14, 2017;

Pursuant to the Government’s Decree No. 37/2019/ND-CP dated May 7, 2019, detailing a number of articles of the Planning Law;

At the request of the Minister of Planning and Investment in Report No. 6697/TTr-BKHDT dated September 20, 2022, Official Dispatch No. 6827/BKHDT-CLPT dated September 25, 2022 and Official Dispatch No. 7370/BKHDT- CLPT dated October 14, 2022;

Based on the voting results of the Government Members.

RESOLVES:

Article 1. To approve the National Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050 for submission to the National Assembly for consideration and decision with the main contents in the Appendix attached hereto.

Article 2. The Ministry of Planning and Investment absorbs opinions from the Political Bureau and the Party Central Committee at the 6^th plenum of the 13^th Party Central Committee on the orientation of the National Master Plan and the main contents resolved by the Government in Article 1 to complete the dossier on the National Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050 in accordance with the planning law to submit to the National Assembly for consideration and decision.

Article 3. The Ministry of Planning and Investment shall report to the Prime Minister on the completion of the dossier on the National Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050 before the Minister of Planning and Investment is authorized by the Prime Minister to sign the report on behalf of the Government for submission to the National Assembly for consideration and decision in accordance with law./.

On behalf of the Government

For the Prime Minister

The Deputy Prime Minister

LE VAN THANH

Appendix

 DETAILS OF THE NATIONAL MASTER PLAN FOR THE 2021-2030 PERIOD, WITH A VISION TOWARD 2050

(Promulgated together with Resolution No. 138/NQ-CP dated October 25, 2022 of the Government)

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I. DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES AND OBJECTIVES

1. Perspectives on development and spatial organization for development

a) Development perspectives: Comprehend and concretize development perspectives of the socio-economic development strategy for the period of 2021-2030.

- To promote inclusive, fast and sustainable development mainly based on science, technology, innovation, digital transformation, green transformation and circular economy.

- To bring into the fullest play advantages of the zones and regions; to ensure harmonious development of economic, cultural and social domains, environmental protection, adaptation to climate change, and assurance of national defense and security.

- The market to play a main role in the mobilization, allocation and efficient use of resources. To ensure fast and harmonious development of economic sectors and types of enterprises; to develop the private economic sector truly into an important driving force of the economy.

- To arouse the aspiration to develop a prosperous, happy and self-reliant country and promote the strength of the great national unity bloc. To bring into fullest play the human factor, regarding the people as the center, subjects, resources and goals of development; all policies must aim at improving the material and spiritual life and wellbeing of the people; to take the values of Vietnamese culture and people as the foundation and important internal strength for sustainable development.

- To build an independent and self-reliant economy based on technological mastery and proactive and active international integration, diverse markets, and improved adaptability and resilience of the economy. It is required to build the production capacity of the country to effectively join with a higher profile in the global value chain. To regard promoting internal resources as a basic, strategic, long-term and decisive factor and external resources and strength of the era as important and breakthrough factors.

b) Viewpoints on organization of development spaces

- The spatial organization for national development shall be effective and consistent on a national scale, ensure intra-regional and inter-regional connectivity and utilize comparative advantages of each region in order to effectively mobilize and use resources, and improve the country’s competitiveness.

- To promote the targeted development, focusing on a number of geographical areas with favorable conditions in terms of geographical location, economic and social infrastructure, human resources so as to form dynamic zones, economic corridors and growth poles, thereby promoting fast, effective and sustainable development of the national economy; at the same time, to adopt special preferential mechanisms and policies for some disadvantaged localities in order for them to appropriately develop and to gradually narrow the gap between them and advantageous localities.

- To efficiently and economically use natural resources, particularly land resources, water resources, and minerals; to ensure energy security, food security and water security; to develop green economy and circular economy; to protect the environment, conserve the nature and improve biodiversity quality; to proactively prevent and combat disasters and adapt to climate change.

- To organize development spaces of the country, regions, economic corridors and urban systems in association with the development of complete and modern infrastructure systems and harmonious development of urban areas and rural areas.

- Connect the mainland with the sea and airspace to ensure the spatial organization for national development; effectively participate in important regional economic corridors and in international integration; take initiative to adapt to changes in the global situation. Ensure the spatial organization for national defense and security in order to firmly protect the sovereignty, sovereign rights and territorial integrity of the country.

2. Objectives to be achieved by 2030

a) Overall objectives

By 2030, Vietnam to become an upper-middle income developing country that is modernly industrialized; to realize an effective, unified and sustainable spatial organization model for national development aiding in establishing dynamic regions, economic hubs, and urban agglomerations that have a basically well-coordinated and modern infrastructure network; to maintain major balances and improve the resilience of the economy; to ensure energy security, food security and water source security; to protect the ecological environment and adapt to climate change; to improve the living standards and mental well-being of all citizens; to ensure national defense and security.

b) Specific objectives and targets

- Regarding the economy:

The average gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of the whole country to reach approximately 7,0%/year in the period of 2021-2030, of which the growth rate of the Southeast Region and Red River Delta to reach 8-8,5%/year. By 2030, per-capita GDP at current prices will reach about USD 7,500. The proportion of GDP of the service sector will be over 50%, the industry-construction sector, over 40%, and the agro-forestry-fisheries sector, below 10%. The contribution of total factor productivity (TFP) to growth will reach 50%.

To bring the advantages of each socio-economic region to full play; to establish the Northern and Southern Dynamic Zones, with Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City as the two growth poles, along with the North - South, Lao Cai - Hanoi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh, and Moc Bai - Ho Chi Minh City - Vung Tau economic corridors with well-coordinated, modern infrastructure, high growth rate and great contributions to the overall development of the country.

To basically establish the national urban network to ensure the high connectivity between national-level central urban agglomerations and regional urban agglomerations, rural areas; to reach the urbanization rate of more than 50%.

To realize the national digital transformation and to develop digital government, digital economy and digital society; the digital economy to account for 30% of the GDP.

- Regarding the society:

By 2030, to reach the populace of approximately 105 million. To maintain the human development index (HDI) of more than 0.7. The average life expectancy will be 75 years, of which the healthy life expectancy will be at least 68 years. The per-capita house floor area in urban centers will reach at least 32 m².

To develop Vietnam’s education to an advanced level in the region among top 10 countries with the best higher education systems in Asia. The rate of university students will surpass 260 per 10,000 population. The proportion of trained workers with degrees and certificates will reach 35-40%.

To raise the quality of health services on par with that of the advanced countries in the region. To develop a network of national health establishments capable of meeting the requirements of health care, protection and improvement of the entire population, toward the goals of equity, quality, efficiency and international integration. By 2030, there will be 35 hospital beds and 19 medical doctors per 10,000 population; the proportion of private hospital beds to total hospital beds will reach 15%.

To develop the network of national cultural institutions that can properly perform the tasks of conserving and promoting the values of national cultural identity, and promoting the development of cultural industry.

- Regarding environmental protection

The forest coverage rate will be kept stable at 42-43%; to improve the forest quality and increase the area of protected areas; to protect and restore important natural ecosystems and improve the quality of biodiversity; the area of marine and coastal protected areas will reach 3-5% of the natural area of the country’s maritime zones; the area of terrestrial protected areas will reach 3 million hectares.

To reach more than 70% of wastewater treated in conformity to national technical regulations on environment before discharged into river basins. To reach 95% of municipal solid waste collected and treated in accordance with regulations. To decrease the carbon intensity of GDP by at least 15% compared to that of 2014.

- Resource infrastructure development

To establish the basic framework of national infrastructure, including North-South traffic axes (Eastern North-South Expressway, some sections of Western North-South Expressway, coastal roads) and important East-West traffic axes, of which approximately 5,000 km of expressways to be constructed nationwide. To construct some high-speed railway sections on the North-South route, railway lines connecting with major seaports and urban railways; international gateway-transshipment ports, major international airports. To develop energy and information technology infrastructure, major urban centers, environmental protection and climate change response infrastructure. To strongly develop digital infrastructure, data infrastructure to create a foundation for national digital transformation and development of digital government, digital economy and digital society.

- Regarding national defense and security:

To ensure close and harmonious connection between economic, cultural and social development with national defense and security consolidation; to maintain an environment of peace and political stability, and ensure social order and safety.

3. Vision toward 2050

Vietnam to become a high-income developed country with the fair, democratic and civilized society. The infrastructure system to be modernized and well-coordinated. The country’s regions will be developed harmoniously and sustainably, thereby effectively exploiting their potential and strengths. The urban system to be smart, modern, culturally-rich and green. To preserve the cultural identity and promote the virtues ​​of Vietnamese people. The quality of environment to be good, the society to be in harmony with the nature, and the circular, green and low-carbon economy to be gradually formed. In the period of 2031-2050, to reach the GDP growth rate of approximately 6.5-7.5%/year. To reach the GDP per capita of approximately USD 27,000-32,000 by 2050. By 2050, to reach the urbanization rate of 70-75%. To reach a high human development index and to realize happy lives for all citizens; to firmly ensure national defense and security.

II. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT KEY TASKS AND BREAKTHROUGHS

1. To construct the basic framework of national infrastructure, focus on transport infrastructure, energy infrastructure, urban infrastructure, digital infrastructure, environmental protection, irrigation, natural disaster management, climate change adaptation, socio-cultural infrastructure.

2. To intensify the restructuring of the economy and spatial organization for development, improve the productivity, quality and effectiveness. To prioritize the development of some potential, advantageous industries and sectors with great fiscal space to serve as the growth locomotives and improve the autonomy of the economy.

3. To develop important national dynamic zones and growth poles as locomotives of national development. To select a number of geographical areas, urban centers and regions with special advantages to build economic and financial centers and special administrative-economic units eligible for application of special and dominant institutions, mechanisms and policies with breakthroughs and high international competitiveness. At the same time, to adopt appropriate mechanisms and policies to develop remote and mountainous areas, border areas and islands, thus contributing to keeping political stability maintaining national defense and security.

4. To establish and develop economic corridors along the North-South and East-West axes connecting to seaports, airports, international border gates, major trading hubs, urban agglomerations, economic hubs and growth poles. To develop industrial - urban - service belts in dynamic zones and major urban centers.

III. ORIENTATIONS FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

1. Development of national dynamic zones

To select most advantageous localities within the key economic regions to establish national dynamic zones including the economic triangle of Hanoi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh, the economic quadrilateral of Ho Chi Minh City - Binh Duong - Dong Nai - Ba Ria - Vung Tau, the coastal region covering Thua Thien - Hue - Da Nang - Quang Nam - Quang Ngai and the economic triangle of Can Tho - An Giang - Kien Giang (including Phu Quoc), each of which has its growth pole (Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Can Tho, respectively) as detailed below:

a) The Northern Dynamic Zone (the economic triangle of Hanoi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh):

To develop Northern Key Economic Region with the economic triangle of Hanoi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh along the corridors of National Highway 5 and National Highway 18 as its centerpiece and Hanoi as its growth pole, which will play an important role in connecting the Northern region for development and connecting globally.

To make the Northern Dynamic Zone become a national science, technology and innovation hub; become a pioneer in development of science, technology, innovation, digital economy, digital society, digital government; to develop some modern and high-quality services there; to develop processing and manufacturing industries with high added value there, which can participate in the global production chain; to develop marine economic hubs with sea shipping services, sea and island tourism, maritime economy and emerging marine business lines.

b) The Southern Dynamic Zone (the economic quadrilateral of Ho Chi Minh City - Binh Duong - Dong Nai - Ba Ria - Vung Tau):

To develop the Southern Key Economic Region with the economic triangle of Ho Chi Minh City - Binh Duong - Dong Nai - Ba Ria - Vung Tau as its centerpiece and Ho Chi Minh City as its growth pole, which will play an important role in connecting the Southern region for development and connecting globally.

To make the Southern Dynamic Zone become a leading center for economy, finance, trade, service, education - training and development of high-quality human resources, science and technology, innovation and transformation in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. To pay due attention to strongly developing the science, technology and innovation ecosystem and to pioneer in growth model transformation, digital economy and digital society construction. To strongly develop financial, banking, science, technology and logistics services. To attract investment in hi-tech industries, software and artificial intelligence parks. To develop marine economic sectors such as logistics services, oil and gas exploitation and processing, and marine tourism.

c) The Central Dynamic Zone (the coastal region of ​​Thua Thien - Hue - Da Nang - Quang Nam - Quang Ngai):

To develop Central key economic region, with the coastal region of ​​Thua Thien-Hue - Da Nang - Quang Nam - Quang Ngai as its centerpiece and Da Nang as its growth pole, to become a high-quality service, industrial, training, health care, science and technology hub and a logistics and coastal tourism center, which will play an important role in connecting and promoting the development of the Central Coast and Central Highlands.

To continue forming and developing the coastal urban system, marine tourism and eco-tourism centers of regional or international level, national petrochemical refinery industry, automobile - mechanical auxiliary industry centers, and hi-tech parks. To develop seaports and seaport services, fisheries infrastructure and fisheries logistics service centers.

d) The Mekong Delta Dynamic Zone (the economic triangle of Can Tho - An Giang - Kien Giang):

To develop the Mekong Delta Key Economic Region with the economic triangle of Can Tho - An Giang - Kien Giang as its centerpiece and Can Tho city as its growth pole, which will promote socio-economic development of the Mekong Delta and its neighboring areas.

To build the Mekong Delta dynamic zone into an agriculture-serving service, tourism, logistics and industrial center. To develop food processing and mechanical and chemical manufacturing for agriculture. To build agricultural hubs in specialized farming areas; to make the zone become a national agricultural science and technology center and an agricultural service center. To develop the ocean economy and focus on making Phu Quoc become an international coastal and ecological tourism and service center connecting with major economic hubs in the region and the world.

dd) To gradually build and establish dynamic zones in Northern Midland and Mountainous Region, North Central Coast and Central Highlands. After 2030, to study and add Khanh Hoa and Soc Trang to the national dynamic zones if the conditions are favorable.

2. Development of economic corridors

To establish and develop economic corridors along the North-South and East-West axes on the foundation of highways and railways, which connect to seaports, international airports and international border gates, major trade hubs and are associated with urban agglomerations, economic hubs and growth poles. To prioritize the development of economic corridors in association with the national dynamic zones in order to promote growth and spillover effects.

a) Economic corridors that are prioritized until 2030

- North-South Economic Corridor

To prioritize the establishment and development of the North-South Economic Corridor along the North-South traffic axis (Eastern North-South expressway, National Route 1A; North-South railway and high-speed railway, etc.).

This is an economic corridor that has particularly important position connecting dynamic zones, major urban centers and economic hubs, makes great contributions to the socio-economic development of the country, creates spillover effects to promote the development of the coast and the western region of the country.

To establish connectivity among regional centers in order to create inter-regional economic relations on the corridor’s axis. To expand and develop urban agglomerations and the system of industrial parks and clusters, service and tourism centers in association with central cities of the provinces and the region. To develop plans and ensure spatial allocation for development of urban agglomerations, industrial parks, logistics centers, etc. in association with the North-South Economic Corridor in regional and provincial development master plans in order to gradually establish economy corridor.

- To develop Lao Cai - Hanoi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh economic corridor, which is the main axis connecting the Northern Dynamic Zone and connecting the Northern Midland and Mountainous Region with large economic hubs and seaports of the country; to promote trade and investment cooperation between localities of Vietnam and the southwestern region of China.

- To develop the Moc Bai - Ho Chi Minh City - Vung Tau economic corridor in association with the Trans-Asia economic corridor, which will serve as a seaward gateway of the Southeastern region, promoting the economic development in the Southeastern region, the Mekong Delta and the Central Highlands.

b) To gradually establish and develop economic corridors in the long run

- Economic corridor along the Ho Chi Minh road and the Western North-South Expressway running across the Central Highlands and Southeast Region.

To gradually establish and develop the Central Highlands - Southeast Economic Corridor in order to promote the regional development and connectivity in association with the enhancement of national defense and security. The Central Highlands - Southeast Economic Corridor will connect industrial crop farming areas and industrial processing areas, connect the "green road of the Central Highlands” and develop tourism there, enhance the spillover effects of the central cities of the region and its sub-regions, such as Buon Ma Thuot (Dak Lak), Pleiku (Gia Lai) and Dong Xoai (Binh Phuoc).

- East-West Economic Corridors: To gradually establish and develop:

+ Dien Bien - Son La - Hoa Binh - Hanoi Economic Corridor, which connects the Northwest sub-region with the Northern Key Economic Region and plays a role in promoting the socio-economic development of the Northwest sub-region.

+ Cau Treo - Vung Ang Economic Corridor, which connects the localities of the Lao People's Democratic Republic to the seaports in Ha Tinh and Quang Binh for promotion of socio-economic development in the North Central provinces.

+ Lao Bao - Dong Ha - Da Nang Economic Corridor in association with the East - West Economic Corridor of the Greater Mekong Sub-Region (GMS), which connects the southern localities of Myanmar, the central regions of Thailand and Laos to ports of central Vietnam for promotion of trade, tourism and investment exchanges among countries and development of the Central Coast Region.

+ Bo Y - Pleiku - Quy Nhon economic corridor, which will be a seaward gateway of the Cambodia - Laos - Vietnam Development Triangle area, connecting the northern Central Highlands provinces with the South-Central Coast provinces and seaports, aimed at promoting the socio-economic development in the Central Highlands and South-Central Coast.

+ Chau Doc - Can Tho - Soc Trang Economic Corridor, which is the horizontal axis at the heart of the Mekong Delta and connects with the offshore seaport in Tran De estuary for direct import and export of the region in the future, thereby promoting the development of this area into an agricultural, industrial, service and agriculture-related logistic hub of the Mekong Delta.

+ Ha Tien - Rach Gia - Ca Mau Economic Corridor, which connects with the southern coastal corridor of the Greater Mekong Sub-region for promotion of socio-economic development in the West Coast and Mekong Delta.

3. Territorial areas in need of conservation and areas restricted from development

a) Territorial areas in need of conservation

Territorial areas in need of conservation include strictly protected areas and ecological restoration zones of national-level nature reserves; core zones of ​​natural heritages recognized by international organizations; protection forests, as detailed below:

- For strictly protected areas and ecological restoration zones of national-level nature reserves l: to strictly conserve, protect and expand the system of nature reserves, special-use forest reserves, marine and coastal conservation areas.

- For core zones of ​​natural heritages recognized by international organizations: To strictly preserve core zones of the world natural heritages in Vietnam, including wetlands of international importance (Ramsar); world natural heritage sites and world natural and cultural heritage sites; biosphere reserves; UNESCO Global Geoparks and ASEAN Heritage Parks. To expand the area of ecological landscapes of importance recognized by international organizations.

- For protection forests: To focus on maintaining the protection forest area in order to enhance the resilience of the natural system, ensure the national environmental security, and at the same time provide products and services for local socio-economic development and communities living near the forests.

b) Areas restricted from development

Areas restricted from development include buffer zones of nature reserves; biodiversity corridors; water source protection corridors; areas prone to landslips, landslides, fluvial and pluvial floods as detailed below:

- For buffer zones of nature reserves: To continue to zone off, protect and sustainably utilize the buffer zones of existing reserves and buffer zones of new terrestrial and marine reserves to be established.

- For biodiversity corridors and wetlands of importance: To zone off, protect and sustainably utilize the biodiversity corridors which connect important ecological regions, and biodiversity corridors for migratory birds; to zone, protect and sustainably utilize wetlands of importance located outside the reserves.

- For water source protection corridors: To identify the actual protection corridors and to ensure that water sources are zoned for protection in order or priority; to develop maps of water protection corridors across the country, especially inter-provincial river basins, large reservoirs, etc.

- For areas prone to landslips, landslides, fluvial and pluvial floods: To compile maps of disaster-prone areas as guidance for arrangement and allocation of development activities and mitigation of the potential impacts of natural disasters.

4. Orientations for development and spatial distribution of some key sectors

a) Industrial sector

To develop industries with high international competitiveness, capable of deeply participating in the global production networks and value chains, striving to attain the goal that by 2030, Vietnam will become a developing country with modern industry, and improving the autonomy of the economy. To concentrate on developing a number of basic industries to meet the economy’s demand for basic means of production, such as energy industry, mechanical engineering, mineral mining, metallurgy, chemical, fertilizer, and material industries, etc. To prioritize the development of industries that involve high technologies (electronics, semiconductor chip production, biological industry, etc.), digital technologies, novel technologies; to focus on developing information technology, agricultural processing and manufacturing, etc. To boost the development of supporting industries and strengthen linkages between Vietnamese enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises. To develop green industries in association with the model of circular economy, cleaner production, economical and efficient utilization of resources.

To arrange industrial space along the direction of being associated with urban systems and service centers so as to form economic corridors and dynamic zones. To expand the industrial development space to the west of the eastern North-South expressway and the midlands to reduce the pressure on land use in the Deltas and mitigate the impact of climate change. To develop industrial mining and processing in areas where raw materials and natural resources are available; to expand industrial clusters (ago-forestry-fishery processing, industrial processing and support services, etc.) in development centers of rural areas. To arrange industrial parks and cottage industrial zones at a reasonable scale, focusing on specialized fields, and linking production with industrial services; to develop specialized industrial complexes in different fields. To form modern industrial-service-urban zones, ensuring the well-coordinated connection between industrial parks and systems of technical and social infrastructure works.

b) Service sector

To develop the service sector for it to account for a large proportion of the economy with high quality, efficiency and competitiveness, and international integration capacity. To build regional-level and world-class service, trade, financial and banking centers, etc. in metropolises in association with the development of dynamic zones and economic corridors.

To develop domestic trade towards modernity, civilization and sustainability, to build Vietnamese brands; to restructure the service sector by innovating and digitizing business methods. To develop well-coordinated and modern trade infrastructure suitable to the characteristics and conditions of each region. To firmly develop international trade in line with industrialization and make the best use of benefits from globalization. To strongly develop e-commerce. To form large logistics centers associated with large seaports, airports and international border gates.

To construct tourism development dynamic zones, national and regional tourism centers with particularly attractive tourism resources and regional and international competitiveness to enhance and promote tourism development in the region and the whole country.

c) Agro-forestry-fishery sector

To develop high-competitive agriculture among the top economies in the region and the world, to develop areas of effective production with at an appropriate scale depending on the regional and local advantages; to firmly ensure the national food security and adapt to climate change. To develop agriculture following the value chains and business clusters in association with processing as well as agricultural and rural tourism development; to realize digital transformation to promote organizational innovation and improve the effectiveness of agricultural production. To allow the flexible change, without changing the characteristics and conditions for land use, to production of other crops and livestock on rice cultivation land, which can be used for rice production again when the necessity arises.

To develop the Mekong Delta region into a sustainable, dynamic and highly efficient agricultural economic center of the country, the region and the world. To develop key products in the direction of increasing the proportions of aquatic products and fruits and reducing the proportion of rice in a reasonable manner. In the Red River Delta, to develop agriculture to be highly efficient and organic, and serve urban areas in association with new-countryside building. To increase the area of ​​fruit trees, protect forests, and develop the forestry economy associated with the processing industry in the Central Highlands and the Northern Midland and Mountainous Region. For coastal areas, to develop coastal aquaculture in combination with planting and protection of mangrove forests; to gradually reduce commercial fishing in oceanic zones, change the livelihoods of fishermen’s communities into aquatic farming, fishery product processing, and tourism services.

IV. ORIENTATIONS FOR MARINE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

1. The marine boundary includes coastal areas, islands, archipelagos, sea areas and airspace under Vietnam's sovereignty, sovereign rights and national jurisdiction.

2. Vietnam to become strong and rich from the national sea as well as sustainably, prosperously, securely and safely develop. To develop breakthroughs in marine economic sectors, especially marine tourism and services; maritime economy; oil and gas production and exploitation of other marine mineral resources; aquaculture and fishing; coastal industry; renewable energy and new marine industries.

3. To divide sea areas into zones with different functions in terms of protection, conservation, economic development, national defense and security, and management of use, including areas subject to exploitation ban, areas subject to conditional exploitation, areas where development of marine economic sectors are encouraged, and areas requiring special protection regarding national defense and security, environmental protection, and ecosystem conservation.

- Areas subject to exploitation ban: areas of defense and security activities, areas subject to ban of civil activities; and strictly protected sub-sectors of marine reserves.

- Areas subject to conditional exploitation: areas of defense and security in combination with economic activities, areas of economic activities in combination with defense and security activities; service - administrative sub-sectors and buffer zones of marine reserves.

- Areas requiring special protection regarding national defense and security, environmental protection, and ecosystem conservation: important areas for national defense and security that require special protection; ecosystem restoration sub-sectors, service-administrative sub-sectors and buffer zones of conservation areas; zones in areas subject to conditional exploitation, areas where development is encouraged but are environmentally sensitive and vulnerable to human impacts, natural disasters and climate change; areas with biological species and habitats including coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangrove forests likely to be destructed or degrade, and other important, high-value ecosystems.

- Areas where the development is encouraged are marine areas other than areas subject to exploitation ban, areas subject to conditional exploitation, and areas requiring special protection regarding national defense and security, environmental protection, and ecosystem conservation.

4. Orientations for marine and coastal areas

To develop marine and coastal areas depending on the advantages of natural conditions, the harmony between conservation and development of comparative advantages in terms of natural conditions, geographical location, cultural identity and ecological diversity. To develop coastal road corridors and coastal urban centers and complete infrastructure facilities as grounds for development of marine economic activities.

- The Northern sea and coastal area (Quang Ninh - Ninh Binh): To continue to build the Hai Phong - Quang Ninh area into a marine economic center associated with Lach Huyen international port and a development locomotive of the Northern Key Economic Region; to develop Quang Ninh into a national tourism center connected with major international tourist centers of the region and the world. To develop a number of marine industries with advantages associated with coastal economic zones and industrial parks.

- The Central Coast sea and coastal area (Thanh Hoa - Binh Thuan): To focus on strongly developing marine economy in combination with ensuring national defense and security at sea, especially offshore aquaculture and fishing. To restructure freshwater and marine aquaculture and fishing with processing industry and fisheries logistics services and infrastructure facilities, ensuring sustainability and high efficiency. To improve the efficiency of development of coastal economic zones. To continue to form and develop a system of coastal urban centers and marine tourism and eco-tourism centers of regional or international level. To develop seaports and seaport services, especially specialized seaports associated with economic zones and industrial parks.

- The Southeastern sea and coastal area (Ba Ria-Vung Tau - Ho Chi Minh City): To focus on developing Cai Mep - Thi Vai port to truly become an international transshipment port, associated with the Trans-Asia economic corridor. To develop seaport logistics services, maritime safety assurance services, oil and gas production and processing industry, supporting industries and petroleum industry services. To build high-quality beach resorts.

- The Southwestern sea and coastal area (Tien Giang - Ca Mau - Kien Giang): To focus on building and developing Phu Quoc city into a strong international marine eco-tourism and service center. To develop gas industry, gas processing, gas power, renewable energy, marine aquaculture and fishing, and fisheries logistics services and infrastructure facilities.

5. Orientations for islands and archipelagos

To intensify the economic development in the islands in combination with national defense and maritime security assurance. To develop fishing support, search and rescue service centers on some islands. To focus on construction of infrastructure for some key islands where the people are residing. To develop Truong Sa island district into an economic, cultural and social center, a fishing support center, a fishing port, a seaport, a place for storm shelter, search and rescue; to develop tourist routes to connect the island with the mainland; to develop the island district into a solid stronghold to protect the country's sovereignty over the sea and islands. To continue to protect and assert sovereignty over the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagoes under peaceful measures in accordance with international laws and the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

V. ORIENTATIONS FOR NATIONAL LAND USE

1. To meet the demand for land use to achieve the socio-economic development objectives. To allocate land resources for sectors, fields and localities in socio-economic development, national defense and security assurance, associated with environmental protection and adaptation to climate change in a reasonable, economical and effective manner.

2. To arrange land to meet the requirements of developing a well-coordinated infrastructure system, ensure the linkage of inter-sectoral, inter-regional development space, economic corridors and dynamic development regions of the country, thus creating breakthroughs to meet the nation’s development requirements, especially in transport, energy and digital infrastructure, and promote the connectivity with the region and the world. To prioritize the land fund to meet the increasing demand for culture, physical training, sports, education, health, etc. of the people. To ensure land use for national defense and security purposes.

3. To manage 3.5 million hectares of land dedicated to growing rice and to establish concentrated and large-scale production areas; to repurpose the land from ineffective rice cultivation to more effective crop and livestock production. To strictly control the repurposing of agricultural land, particularly from rice cultivation to other purposes, together with ensuring the interests of rice growers and rice growing localities.

4. To strictly manage, maintain, and restore natural forests in association with biodiversity conservation and protection of landscapes and the ecological environment. To strongly develop and improve the quality of planted forests, especially special-use forests, watershed protection forests and coastal protection forests.

5. To expand the area of industrial parks, mainly in dynamic regions, associated with economic corridors. To further expand urban land areas in combination with the urbanization process.

VI. ORIENTATIONS FOR EXPLOITATION AND USE OF THE AIRSPACE

1. To look forwards to operation of the same flight information regions compared to the existing ones, including Hanoi Flight Information Region and Ho Chi Minh City Flight Information Region.

2. To organize and manage the airspace of airports and aerodromes expected to be expanded and built in the development planning period. To effectively operate and optimize organization of the airspace and flight modes of airports and aerodromes in operation.

3. To open new inter-regional domestic routes, strengthen connections to key tourist attractions of Vietnam. To increase the frequency and points of operation, to expand Vietnam's connection in regional and international route networks. To enhance the operation of international routes for transportation of goods by special-use aircrafts.

VII. SPATIAL ORGANIZATION FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND ORIENTATIONS FOR REGIONAL CONNECTIVITY

1. Spatial organization for development into 06 regions as follows:

a) The Northern Midland and Mountainous Region, including 14 provinces: Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Bac Giang, Phu Tho, Thai Nguyen, Bac Kan, Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Lai Chau, Son La, Dien Bien, and Hoa Binh. The Northern Midland and Mountainous Region is divided into 02 sub-regions: Northeast and Northwest.

b) The Red River Delta, including 11 provinces and cities: Hanoi, Hai Phong, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh, Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, Ninh Binh, and Quang Ninh.

c) The Central Coast Region, including 14 provinces and cities: Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan. The Central Coast Region is divided into 02 sub-regions: North Central Coast and South-Central Coast.

d) The Central Highlands, including 5 provinces: Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong, and Lam Dong.

dd) The Southeast Region, including 6 provinces and cities: Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai, Ba Ria - Vung Tau, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Tay Ninh.

e) The Mekong Delta, including 13 provinces and cities: Can Tho City, Long An, Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh, Vinh Long, An Giang, Dong Thap, Kien Giang, Hau Giang, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu and Ca Mau.

2. Orientations for regional connectivity and development

a) The Northern Midland and Mountainous Region:

GRDP growth rate to reach 8-9%/year. To develop the region to be green, sustainable and inclusive. To focus on protection and restoration of special-use forests and watershed protection forests; to promote sustainable forestry economic development and improve the living standard of foresters; to expand the area of ​​fruit trees; to effectively mine and utilize mineral resources; to ensure water security. To develop the processing, manufacturing and energy industries; and hi-tech, organic and specialty agriculture; and economic activities at border gates. To establish tourist centers and tourism products that have specific characteristics of the region, including history- and culture-related tourism; highland ecosystems and caves. To consider the development of the Bac Giang - Thai Nguyen - Phu Tho belt into dynamic belt for the growth of the whole region.

To construct and develop intra-regional and inter-regional economic corridors to connect the region with major economic hubs of the Northern Key Economic Region. To build expressways, ramps, roads connecting localities to expressways, border belt roads, and important national highways connecting localities in the region. To consider making investment in and upgrading of a number of airports in the region. To build electrified railways from Lao Cai and Lang Son to Hanoi and Hai Phong.

b) The Red River Delta:

GRDP growth rate to reach approximately 8-8.5%/year. To concentrate on developing modern industrial production and service industries, such as: electronics, software manufacturing, artificial intelligence, automobile manufacturing, supporting industries; commercial, logistics, finance, banking, tourism and telecommunications services; high-quality training, and intensive health care. To build innovation centers to lead scientific and technological development. To develop hi-tech agriculture, clean agriculture and organic agriculture serving urban areas. To develop satellite urban centers to reduce pressure in major cities; to ensure economical and efficient use of land resources. To restore flows and ecological environment of rivers; to seek solutions to regulate water level for the purpose of actively taking water for production and daily life of irrigation works. To continue to develop Hai Phong - Quang Ninh into a marine economic hub. To develop the Gulf of Tonkin economic belt (Ninh Binh - Quang Ninh).

To develop intra-region and inter-region economic corridors for connection with the northern midland and mountainous region and the North-South economic corridor in the region; to develop the Gulf of Tonkin economic belt (Ninh Binh - Quang Ninh). To build expressways connecting Hanoi with localities inside and outside the region, coastal routes, ring roads 4 and 5 in the Hanoi Capital Region. To construct the North - South high-speed railway and electrified railway lines from Hanoi to major international seaports and border gates. To consider building the second airport in the Hanoi Capital Region.

c) The Central Coast Region:

GRDP growth rate to reach 7-7.5%/year. To strongly develop the marine economy combined with assurance of national defense and security at sea. To raise the efficiency of seaport systems, coastal economic zones and industrial parks; to develop petrochemical refining, metallurgy and mechanical engineering industries, agro-forestry-fisheries processing industries and renewable energy. To develop sea-island tourism, eco-tourism and cultural-historical tourism. To promote aquaculture, fishing, aquatic product processing, and develop fisheries logistics service centers and fisheries infrastructure facilities. To build disaster preparedness capacity and take the initiative in effectively responding to climate change. To build the coastal area in three provinces of Thanh Hoa-Nghe An-Ha Tinh into an industrial development center of the region and the whole country.

To develop a transport network in association with the formation of the North-South economic corridor through the region and the East-West corridors connecting major international border gates, urban centers and seaports. To build expressways to the Central Highlands. To enhance the infrastructure connectivity and effective operation of the seaport system, to build logistics service centers.

d) The Central Highlands Region:

GRDP growth rate to reach approximately 7-7.5%/year. To protect special-use forests and watershed protection forests in association with water security assurance. To develop highly efficient agricultural economy on an appropriate scale and in adaptation to climate change; to improve the efficiency of industrial crop development, increase land areas under fruit trees, medicinal material plants, vegetables and flowers. To develop forestry economy and improve the living conditions of forestry workers. To promote the development of agro-forestry processing industry and renewable energy; to ensure sustainable development of bauxite mining, alumina processing and aluminum production industries. To develop eco-tourism, wellness tourism and cultural tourism in association with the conservation and promotion of cultural values and identities of ethnic groups in the region.

To develop an economic corridor connecting the Central Highlands with the Southeast region, and East-West corridors connecting the Central Highlands with the South-Central Coast. To build an expressway network and upgrade the intra-region transport network, and inter-regional routes to localities in the Southeast Region and South-Central Coast as well as to Southern Laos and Northeast Cambodia. To build a railway through the Central Highlands.

dd) The Southeast Region:

GRDP growth rate to reach approximately 8-8.5%/year. To build the region into a dynamic development one which will have a high economic growth rate and the highest motive force for growth in the whole country, serve as a science, technology and innovation center, a hi-tech industry, logistics and international financial center that is highly competitive in the region; and take the lead in renewing the growth model and carrying out digital transformation. To develop modern industrial-service-urban zones and hi-tech industrial parks. To build a number of large-scale information technology parks, form information technology industry dynamic zones, and attract investment in the manufacturing of electrical, electronic, Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence products. To strongly develop marine economy, seaport logistics services, oil and gas extraction and processing industry, oil and gas services, and marine tourism. To improve the efficiency of industrial crops, fruit trees and concentrated animal husbandry in association with product processing and branding, and intensify the application of high technologies. To lead the whole country in the fields of culture, social affairs, education, training and health care. To basically solve environmental pollution, traffic congestion and waterlogging.

To create a driving force for linkage with spillover effect for promoting cooperation and development through the North-South economic corridor and the Central Highlands-Southeastern economic corridor. To develop the industrial-urban chain of Moc Bai-Ho Chi Minh City-Cai Mep Thi Vai port in association with the Trans-Asia economic corridor. To build expressways connecting Ho Chi Minh City with localities inside and outside the region, and Ring Roads 3 and 4 of Ho Chi Minh City. To build railways connecting urban centers with seaports and gateway international airports. To construct and operate Long Thanh international airport.

e) The Mekong Delta:

GRDP growth rate to reach approximately 6.5-7%/year. To develop the Mekong Delta into a sustainable, dynamic and highly efficient agricultural economic center of the country, the region and the world. To focus on modern and large-scale commodity agricultural production associated with the processing industry and brand building; to restructure key products toward reducing rice and increasing fruits and aquatic products; to ensure more flexible use of agricultural land. To build a national innovative startup center for agriculture in the region. To develop green industry and renewable energies; to attach importance to developing agro-fishery product processing industries, agriculture-serving industries and supporting industries, etc. To develop the Mekong Delta into an international brand of agricultural and rural tourism, eco-tourism (tours to river-based villages and gardens, and wetlands) and marine tourism. To proactively adapt to climate change and sea level rise, to build works for prevention and control of landslides and saltwater intrusion, to protect mangrove forest ecosystems.

In the North-South economic corridor, to focus on developing the Can Tho-Long An section into a dynamic economic-urban-industrial corridor of the region. To form and develop a number of East-West economic corridors. To intensify investment in infrastructure facilities connecting the region with Ho Chi Minh City and the Southeastern region; to invest in coastal roads running through the regional provinces; to develop infrastructure facilities of inland waterways; to upgrade main fairways, including maritime fairways for large tonnage ships.

VIII. ORIENTATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL URBAN AND RURAL SYSTEMS

1. Orientations for overall urban system

To accelerate the urbanization and form the urban system, thereby creating an important driving force for fast and sustainable socio-economic development. To improve the quality of urban development in terms of economy, society, infrastructure, housing and quality of life of the people. To raise the economic competitiveness and integration of the urban system.

To develop a network-based sustainable urban system on the basis of rational distribution, ensuring synchronization, uniformity and balance among zones and regions; to develop urban centers with integrated functions toward green and smart cities in adaptation to climate change. To ensure urban-rural connectivity. To attach importance to operating underground spaces in large urban centers; to choose urban centers with special advantages to be built into economic, financial, commercial and service centers that are highly regionally or internationally competitive. To develop coastal and island urban systems toward sustainability and natural ecosystem protection; to attach importance to urban development on the basis of conservation and promotion of heritage and cultural - historical factors.

To form and develop a number of smart dynamic urban centers and urban chains connected with the region and the world. To build and develop major urban centers into dynamic and innovative cities that will play a leading role and create a spillover effect for linking urban agglomerations; and be fully competitive for regional and international integration, and play an important role in the urban network of Southeast Asia and Asia. To focus on development of the high-quality, high-value-added services in terms of science - technology, health care, training, information technology, etc., and to restrict attraction of investment in processing and manufacturing industries that use a lot of land and labor. To strongly develop satellite towns of the major cities, particularly Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.

To prioritize the development of urban centers associated with economic corridors to become central urban centers suitable to functions of each region, promoting the spillover development.

To develop small- or medium-sized urban centers in a close relationship and shared functions with large urban centers, thereby gradually reducing the development gap among urban centers. To attach importance to developing small-sized and peri-urban cities to support rural development through urban-rural linkages. To develop specific urban models (tourism cities, urban universities, innovation districts, border-gate cities, and island cities, etc.)

2. Orientations for distribution of major urban centers

a) Ha Noi urban agglomeration

To build the Hanoi urban agglomeration covering Hanoi and satellite cities in neighboring provinces of the Red River Delta and the Northern Midland and Mountainous Region in order to share functions in education, training, health care, science, technology, trade, services and tourism and restrict the excessive population concentration in the downtown Hanoi.

To focus on developing urban infrastructure facilities and well-coordinated and modern connection infrastructure facilities, including axial roads connecting Hanoi with major urban centers of the region, Ring Roads 4 and 5 and urban railways and the eastern ring railway of Hanoi, promoting linkage and spillover socio-economic development of the whole northern region. To form industrial-urban-service belts along Ring Roads 4 and 5.

To develop Hanoi into a smart, dynamic and innovative urban center, which will take the lead in science and technology; act as an international exchange center with high-quality education, training, health care, finance and banking services, and an important transport hub of the region and the world. To focus on building modern urban infrastructure facilities, particularly transport and water drainage infrastructure facilities, and put an end as soon as possible to congestion and waterlogging. To accelerate the construction progress of urban railway projects; to build more bridges spanning the Red river and Duong river; to develop urban underground space.

To build Capital-affiliated cities and satellite cities with complete infrastructure facilities, urban utilities and services, and convenient transportation connected with the central city in order to accelerate urbanization, reduce the load in the inner city and expand the development spaces of Hanoi.

b) Ho Chi Minh City urban agglomeration

To build the Ho Chi Minh City urban agglomeration covering Ho Chi Minh City and cities in provinces of the Southeastern Region and some localities in the Mekong Delta in order to share functions in services, industry, education, training, health care, science and technology, and restricting excessive population concentration in the downtown Ho Chi Minh City.

To build roads connecting Ho Chi Minh City with major urban centers of the region, Ring Roads 3 and 4 and urban railways, railways connecting airports and international-gateway seaports, thereby promoting connectivity and spillover socio-economic development for the whole southern region. To form industrial-urban-service belts along Ring Roads 3 and 4.

To develop Ho Chi Minh City into a core city and the development center of the whole region with quick shifting to high-quality services, and become a competitive international financial center in the region; take the lead in hi-tech industry, science, technology, innovation, education, training and intensive health care, and act as an international trade center. Focus on development master plans and effective extraction of underground space. To consider exploiting potential and advantages of Thu Duc and Can Gio areas so as to develop them into new growth drivers for Ho Chi Minh City.

c) Da Nang urban agglomeration

To build the Da Nang urban agglomeration covering Da Nang and its neighboring cities. To promote the role of Da Nang as a center for startup, innovation, tourism, trade, finance, logistics, hi-tech industry and information technology; one of high-quality education, training and health care centers and science and technology centers of the country; and a center for organization of regional and international events. To develop Da Nang into a growth pole and the key driving force for promoting the socio-economic development in the Central Key Economic Region and the Northern Central Highlands.

d) Can Tho urban agglomeration

To develop the Can Tho urban agglomeration with Can Tho as the central city and its neighboring cities into a center for trade services, tourism, logistics, processing industry, hi-tech agriculture, education and training, specialized health care, science and technology, culture and sports of the whole region; to operate expressways that connect Can Tho with Ho Chi Minh City and other cities in the Mekong Delta. To develop Can Tho as a core city and a growth pole, thus promoting the development of the entire Mekong Delta.

3. Orientations for rural development

a) To develop comprehensive, modern, green, clean and beautiful rural areas in association with the urbanization process which will have well-coordinated infrastructure facilities and social services almost equal to those of urban areas; to preserve and promote national cultural identities; to ensure security and order; to structure the rural economy and organize rational production activities, thereby ensuring sustainable livelihood for the people; to ensure a stable rural society with improved people’s intellectual standards; to develop bright, green, clean, beautiful and safe rural landscape.

b) To develop population distribution models suitable to each natural ecological region as well as aligning with cultural and ethnic characteristics and socio-economic conditions. To plan and rearrange residential spots for areas highly prone to disasters and landslides.

For peri-urban areas, to promote urbanization, develop urban agriculture, gradually improve infrastructure facilities, and develop social services of quality almost equal to that of urban areas, and form green and ecological residential spots in rural areas. To develop satellite urban agglomerations to reduce the load for main urban agglomerations and gradually encourage the urban development in rural areas.

For rural areas in concentrated agricultural production zones in the Mekong Delta and the Central Highlands region, to set orientations for development of rural residential areas associated with production areas, specialized cultivation areas, and processing-service clusters in harmony with urban areas to ensure the provision of basic services.

For traditional rural areas in the northern mountainous region, some areas in the Red River Delta and other areas and regions, to develop concentrated residential spots of reasonable size linked to urban centers; to facilitate the construction of essential infrastructure facilities for rural areas in disadvantaged areas and ethnic minority communities.

To prioritize the comprehensive, rapid and sustainable development of ethnic minority-inhabited areas and mountainous areas; to tap potential and effectively promote comparative advantages of the regions, protect the environment and living spaces of ethnic minority people. To narrow the gap in terms of income between ethnic minority-inhabited areas and mountainous areas as compared to that of the advantageous areas.

4. To continue reorganizing urban and rural administrative units, ensuring the scale and quality, and meeting standards of administrative units under regulations.

IX. ORIENTATIONS FOR SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

To prioritize investment in high-quality social infrastructures and approach to the level of advanced countries in the region and the world in metropolises and dynamic zones. To focus on construction of social infrastructure in disadvantaged areas, ensure the harmony and balance between economic development and socio-cultural development. To build a well-coordinated, modern, sustainable and integrated social security network.

1. To develop higher education to meet the needs for high-quality human resources in association with investment in scientific research and innovation in key sectors, thereby serving the demand for sustainable development of the country; to meet the diverse learning needs and requirement for socio-economic development of each region and locality. To organize and rearrange higher education institutions; to upgrade a number of large general universities, member universities, pedagogical universities into high-quality and prestigious training centers in the region and the world. To develop a number of urban universities.

To develop the network of vocational education institutions in an open and flexible manner, creating opportunities for all people to access and benefit from vocational education services, ensuring training scale, structure and quality to meet requirements of the labor market and international integration. To develop vocational training centers, especially training in vocational skills in conformity with development of priority occupations in major economic centers.

To improve the quality, expand and rationally arrange the network of early childhood education and general education institutions, meeting the social demand for access to educational services. To build a network of specialized educational institutions for people with disabilities and a system of centers to support the development of inclusive education, meeting the needs of people with disabilities to access and benefit from high-quality educational services. To develop and strengthen continuing education institutions, especially community learning centers, continuing education centers in disadvantaged areas, implement illiteracy eradication, provide refresher training and update knowledge and skills for economic development in ethnic minority-inhabited areas to ensure the equity in education.

To develop a system of national defense and security education centers with a scale suitable to the training tasks in each area in order to consolidate and build the all-people national defense, the all-people defense posture in association with the people’s security and the people’s security posture.

2. To arrange and allocate the network of national-level hospitals in a suitable manner, ensuring all people’s favorable access to high-quality medical and health care services. To ensure that each region has a national-level hospital playing the role of a tertiary referral hospital. To build a number of hospitals on a regional or international level; to form and develop modern specialized medical centers. To build the National Center for Disease Control. To build some national facilities for research, transfer of technology and production of vaccines. To develop regional testing centers that meet regional or international standards to meet the needs of testing, inspection, and calibration regarding drugs, cosmetics, food, and medical equipment, etc.

3. To consider cultural development as the truly spiritual foundation and to develop a national network of cultural facilities to meet the people's demand for creativity and recreation and to organize national and international art and cultural events. To build national cultural establishments into strong and competitive brands capable of properly performing the task of conserving and promoting the value of national cultural identity and, at the same time, promoting the development of the country’s cultural industries. To build and upgrade national museums to be well-coordinated and modern. To invest in renovation and upgradation of national libraries, provincial-level public libraries, specialized libraries, university libraries, etc. To continue to invest in construction and upgradation of national performing arts facilities in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and some provinces, which shall be coordinated and modernized to meet the needs for organization of national and international art events. To invest in the development, embellishment and conservation of cultural heritages, especially those recognized by the UNESCO. To develop a well-coordinated and modern national network of physical training and sports facilities with some works that meet international standards.

4. To develop science and technology organizations both quantitatively and qualitatively. To build, and improve the operational efficiency of, the national innovation system and the innovation startup ecosystem; to strengthen the potential of the system of innovation centers and national, regional and local innovative startup centers to support and promote technology transfer and innovation activities. To form and develop the National Startup Support Centers in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Can Tho and other provinces and municipalities where conditions permit. To form innovation clusters on the basis of linking science and technology organizations with hi-tech parks, hi-tech agricultural parks, financial centers, venture capital funds, universities and research institutes.

To make focused investment to develop a number of public science and technology organizations up to advanced level in the region and the world. To review and streamline research and development organizations under ministries and sectors so as to overcome duplication and overlap of functions and tasks, suit priority orientations in science, technology and innovation, and serve national and sectoral socio-economic development. To consolidate and develop research organizations to serve the formulation of policies, strategies, plans and master plans for the development of provinces and centrally-run cities. To make focused investment to form science and technology organizations that play the role of linking value chains, industrial clusters, and innovation and innovative startup ecosystems in different regions and localities. To develop science and technology organizations belonging to state-owned groups and corporations into intensive research institutes, providing leading technologies, creating competitive advantages, and serving national socio-economic development. To encourage large non-state economic groups and enterprises to form research and development units.

5. To encourage the reorganization, merger and consolidation of press agencies of provinces and municipalities and of ministries and central sectors in the direction of convergence, multimedia and multi-platform. To form large publishing houses and arrange the publication distribution system in a rational manner.

6. To develop a network of social support facilities that are capable and large enough to meet the needs of groups of persons eligible for social protection for access to, and benefiting from, facility-based public social support services. To step by step modernize social support facilities, ensuring the provision of social support services up to national standards and step by step international standards.

7. To build a national network of nursing homes that are capable of well nurturing and nursing people with meritorious services. To research, test, and apply intensive specialized and technical measures that integrate nursing with health care and other social care services for people with meritorious services.

X. ORIENTATIONS FOR TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT

To focus resources on developing infrastructure networks to promote the establishment of economic corridors as well as the well-coordinated and modern infrastructure system in dynamic zones.

1. To develop a well-coordinated transport infrastructure system by bringing the advantages of modes of transport into full play. To develop a road network interconnecting all localities across the country. To build railways as the main modes of transport on the North-South axis and key economic corridors to connect with major seaports. To focus on the development of inland waterway transport.

Spatial organization for national transport.

- To construct the North-South national backbone corridors with all 5 modes of transport.

- For the Northern Region, to form radial corridors connected with Hanoi (its growth pole) and East-West corridors to connect the western mountainous region with seaports in the eastern region in a fan-shaped network.

- For the Central Vietnam, to form East-West axes connecting the western region with seaports in the East and linking with Laos and Cambodia.

- For the Southern region, to form net-shaped corridors along the East-West and North-South axes, exploiting the advantages of inland waterway transport and large seaports and airports, and connecting international traffic.

- In the special cities of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, to construct ring roads and radial axes that connect the belts and satellite cities with the central cities.

To complete the construction of the eastern North-South expressway and expressways connecting with major economic centers in association with dynamic regions such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, and Can Tho, connecting special seaports, international airports and international border gates with a large volume of imports and exports; and expressways associated with the formation of East-West economic corridors.

To accelerate the construction of the North-South high-speed railway and, in the near future, to invest in the Hanoi - Vinh, Nha Trang - Ho Chi Minh City and Ho Chi Minh City - Can Tho sections. To build regional railway routes and railway routes connecting to international gateway seaports in the Hai Phong - Quang Ninh and Ba Ria-Vung Tau areas and important international border gates; to prioritize the construction of the railway routes of Lao Cai-Hanoi-Hai Phong and Bien Hoa-Vung Tau. To invest in building key railway routes and urban railways in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.

To upgrade and build gateway seaports with international container transshipment functions in Lach Huyen (Hai Phong) and Cai Mep-Thi Vai (Ba Ria-Vung Tau); the gateway port of the Central Key Economic Region in Da Nang. To consider building and developing Can Gio international transshipment port in Ho Chi Minh City.

To invest in construction of the Long Thanh international airport; to focus on expansion and upgradation of major international airports that play the key role: Noi Bai, Tan Son Nhat; to expand international airports such as: Van Don, Cat Bi, Chu Lai, Cam Ranh, Can Tho and Phu Quoc, etc. in association with dynamic zones.

To make investment in well-coordinated upgrading of main river routes serving the transportation of cargoes, containers, and special-use and large-volume goods by inland waterways in the Red River Delta and Mekong Delta. To make investment in, and efficient exploitation of, the coastal transport corridor from Quang Ninh to Kien Giang.

2. To well maintain the national energy security, adequately provide stable and high-quality energy for socio-economic development, thereby reaching net zero emissions by 2050.

To develop energy infrastructure and to convert energy in the direction of using green and clean fuel sources. To develop wind and solar power sources, especially those with energy storage systems, biomass power and other renewable energies; to increase the proportion of renewable energy in the total primary energy supply. To renovate and upgrade existing transmission grids and build a new inter-regional 500 KV transmission grid in sync with the development of power sources, ensuring conservation and efficiency.

To intensify the prospecting and exploration to increase oil and gas reserves and production outputs in potential, deep-water and offshore areas in association with protection of national sovereignty over the sea. To research and invest in technical infrastructure for the import and sale of liquefied natural gas (LNG). To develop energy centers in association with refinery and petrochemical complexes, to utilize the existing and under-construction infrastructure of refinery and petrochemical facilities. To intensify domestic coal mining in a safe, efficient and economical manner; to expand prospecting and exploration, and to improve the quality of assessment of reserves and resources.

3. To develop information and communication infrastructure to be well-coordinated and closely linked, thus forming a unified and modern whole on the basis of applying advanced digital technology, which will be capable of providing reliable information and communication services at reasonable prices; to ensure cyberinformation security.

To develop a well-coordinated and modern postal network as one of the essential infrastructures of the nation and of the digital economy. To expand regional and international Internet connections, and turn Vietnam into one of the regional data centers. To build data centers associated with dynamic regions and economic corridors; to develop national data center clusters in the northern and southern regions. To shift investment in construction of the national backbone transmission system from focusing on development along the North-South axis to expanding development along the East-West axis, improving the backup capacity and load distribution for the national backbone network.

To complete national-scale digital platforms for smooth operation to meet the requirements of digital government, digital economy and digital society. To continue to develop concentrated information technology parks and members of software park chains. To attract investment, strongly develop concentrated information technology parks in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Da Nang, Hai Phong, Can Tho and some regions with information technology industry strongly developed.

4. To develop hydraulic-work systems to ensure irrigation, drainage, water supply and drainage for agriculture, people’s livelihoods and economic activities, contributing to sustainable socio-economic development, environmental protection, and adaptation to climate change.

To upgrade key works and main canal systems, etc. up to the design capacity of inter-provincial hydraulic-work systems. To work out solutions to regulate water sources on the mainstreams of rivers undergoing river bottom lowering, complicated developments concerning the river level and high risk of seawater intrusion, such as: Red River, Ma River, Ca River, Vu Gia - Thu Bon River, etc.

To complete the construction and upgrading of key hydraulic-work works and reservoirs to ensure water security for production and people’s life, especially in the Central Highlands, the South-Central Region and the Mekong River Delta. To take solutions for irrigation works to actively collect water at all times in the Red River Delta.

To build water source control works at large estuaries to actively control salinity, store and replenish fresh water to coastal areas to serve people’s livelihood, aquaculture and agricultural production. To build and consolidate the system of flood prevention and control and anti-inundation works to protect urban areas, especially metropolises. To consolidate and upgrade the national sea dike system.

5. To build a complete, well-coordinated and modern national network of hydrometeorological stations and natural resources and environment monitoring network in the direction of high automation, ensuring openness and information and data integration, connection and sharing capacity; to participate in the global hydrometeorological network. By 2030, the national network of hydrometeorological stations to have the station density equal to that of developed countries in Asia and the national network of environmental and natural resource monitoring to reach the leading level in the Southeast Asia and the advanced level of Asia.

To prioritize the development of hydrometeorological stations with many monitoring elements, climate change monitoring stations, and stations with the integrated function of natural resources and environment monitoring. To develop a national environmental monitoring network associated with affected areas such as inter-provincial river basins, key economic development areas, big lakes subject to strict requirements on protection of water sources, inter-regional and inter-provincial areas, watershed areas, areas with many big waste sources, marine areas, and areas with complex hydrological conditions. To prioritize the arrangement of modern and automated environmental hydrological monitoring stations at the headwaters of large transboundary rivers.

6. To develop a system of fishing ports and storm shelters for fishing vessels to meet the demand for fisheries logistics services, ensure food hygiene and safety, reduce post-harvest losses, and ensure safety for fishing vessels and fishermen; to improve the effectiveness of fisheries management, and increase international integration; to adapt to climate change, protect the marine environment and ecosystems, and contribute to national defense and security assurance. To develop large fisheries centers in association with key fishing grounds in Hai Phuong, Da Nang, Khanh Hoa, Ba Ria - Vung Tau, Kien Giang.

7. To develop the national land border-gate system to meet the country’s socio-economic development requirements, in combination with national defense and security assurance and association with development orientations for each region, economic belt or economic corridor. By 2030, 25 land border provinces will have border gates, especially international border gates or main/bilateral border gates; and important border gates will have modern physical facilities to meet travel, trade and cooperation demands.

8. To develop the fire prevention and fighting infrastructure system to be synchronous and gradually modern in conformity with conditions of each region and connection with the technical infrastructure system of the country to meet the requirements of ensuring safety for socio-economic development and people’s life.

XI. ORIENTATIONS FOR RESOURCE UTILIZATION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, NATURAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT, AND RESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGE

1. Orientations for resource utilization

a) Water resources: To take the initiative, prioritize and ensure water sources for use for domestic purposes in terms of both reserves and quality; to ensure water sources supplied to urban and rural areas, thus contributing to raising the rate of urban and rural residents using clean, hygienic water for domestic purposes to 95-00% and 93-95%, respectively, by 2030. To distribute and share water resources in a harmonious and rational manner among sectors and localities, prioritizing the use of water for domestic purposes and efficient use of water to bring about high economic value, assure minimum flows and achieve integrated economic, social and environmental effects in both the flood and dry seasons in river basins. To resolve contradictions of water exploitation and use between sectors and fields, between downstream and upstream areas, and between localities in the river basins, and transnational contradictions in exploitation and use of water resources. To focus on efficiently exploiting and using water resources in the basins of the Red-Thai Binh, Vu Gia-Thu Bon, Ca, Dong Nai, Mekong and Ba rivers.

b) Fisheries resources: To gradually reduce the output of fishing practices to suit reserves of fisheries resources. To selectively exploit key aquatic species with high economic value and export value to raise income and stabilize livelihoods of fishermen. To change the structure of fishing in a reasonable manner among sea areas and inland ecological zones; to change fishing that infringes on resources and destroys the environment and ecology to eco-friendly fishing, thereby achieving high and sustainable economic efficiency. To reorganize fishing at sea areas and inland water areas towards rationally developing and combining sustainable fishing with protection and development of fisheries resources; to combat illegal fishing. To establish and effectively manage marine protected areas, fisheries resources protection areas and areas subject to a definite-term fishing ban at sea areas and the system of major rivers and lakes.

c) Forest resources: To establish, manage, protect, develop and sustainably use land and forests dedicated to forestry. To arrange space and reserve land areas for forests to meet the requirements for protection of large rivers, important lakes and dams, lowlands, wetlands, and coastal areas prone to natural disasters and climate change; to maintain and expand the system of special-use forests; to stabilize and add land areas under production forests to supply materials for processing and export. To continue maintaining important raw-material zones for the exploitation and processing of forest products. To establish hi-tech applied forestry zones in the regions.

d) Mineral resources: To basically complete geological surveys and assessment of mineral potential on the mainland; and the survey and discovery of minerals in Vietnam’s sea areas and continental shelf. To survey and prospect industrial minerals, focusing on performance and completion of specific surveying and prospecting in areas with high prospects, important minerals and minerals with large reserve potential to serve the development of the processing industry. For minerals for use as construction materials, to prioritize the prospect of mines and areas where exist minerals in construction material production zones or adjacent areas; mineral areas that have favorable conditions or potential for exploitation, thus ensuring the efficiency and avoiding adverse impacts on the environment.

To restrict to the maximal extent and then stop mineral exploitation at mines that are small and scatteredly located, or the mining of which may cause great impacts on the environment and landscape in the areas. To focus on arranging to form mine clusters that are large enough to attract investment in prospecting, exploitation and intensive processing and application of advanced and modern technology and equipment.

To balance between immediate needs and long-term mineral reserves; to prioritize the use of minerals for large-scale domestic industrial development and modernization; to export minerals after balancing the efficiency of investment in mineral mining and processing.

2. Orientations for environmental protection

To prevent pollution and environmental degradation; to solve urgent environmental problems; to gradually improve and restore the quality of environment; to protect, conserve and restore important natural ecosystems. To protect the environment by integrating activities of environmental pollution management and control and setting up of environmental quality monitoring systems.

To prioritize the construction of inter-regional and inter-provincial modern and well-coordinated concentrated waste treatment zones, particularly hazardous waste treatment facilities. To remediate and upgrade unsanitary waste landfills and areas polluted or degraded by solid wastes to meet environmental protection requirements. To step by step restrict direct burial of domestic solid wastes; to transform domestic solid waste landfills into domestic solid waste treatment facilities using modern technologies. By 2030, the rate of hazardous waste subject to collection, transport and treatment according to regulations to reach 98%, of which the rate of medical waste subject to treatment to reach 100%; he rate of municipal solid waste subject to collection and treatment according to regulations to reach 95%; the rate of urban domestic solid waste subject to direct burial to reduce by 10% compared to the collected waste.

To invest in building and completing wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure of industrial parks, cottage industrial zones, urban zones, concentrated residential zones and craft villages on large river basins. To treat wastewater up to standards in all industrial parks, cottage industrial zones, industrial establishments and hospitals. To tighten the management of waste sources, improve the quality of the surface water environment, especially at polluted rivers and inter-provincial river sections. To build concentrated domestic wastewater collection and treatment systems associated with the remediation and rehabilitation of lakes, ponds, canals, and ditches in major urban centers. To implement wastewater treatment projects, restore water quality in severely polluted river sections, canals, ditches and creeks.

To continue to strictly protect and preserve the existing system of nature reserves; to establish new terrestrial nature reserves and marine conservation areas. To construct biodiversity corridors. To conserve and strictly protect existing wetlands of international importance (Ramsar sites); to continue to raise the country’s total number of Ramsar sites. To continue to sustainably use, protect, zone off and establish new important ecological landscape areas to be recognized by international organizations.

3. Disaster prevention and control and climate change adaptation

To take the initiative in preventing and controlling disasters and adapting to climate change; to step by step build the nation capable of managing disaster risks and the community and society safe from disasters, facilitating sustainable socio-economic development and firmly maintaining security and national defense. To develop nature-, ecosystem- and community-based climate change adaptation models. To develop and implement the plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of sectors and to strive for the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050.

To consolidate and upgrade disaster prevention and control works, focusing on consolidating, upgrading and improving the system of dikes, lakes and dams so as to take the initiative in preventing and controlling floods and storms. To add and upgrade water storage and drainage systems to prevent and control inundation caused by heavy rains, floods and tides, especially in major urban centers; water source control works to prevent and control drought and saltwater intrusion.

To build and consolidate riverbank and coastal erosion prevention and control works in areas prone to complicated landslides which seriously threaten dikes, concentrated residential areas and important infrastructure facilities. To build and upgrade the anchorage areas as shelter for ships and vessels from storm, which connect to logistics and fishery information services, including island areas; to promote planting of trees to break waves to protect dykes, watershed protection forests and coastal protection forests.

To construct and upgrade meteorological, hydrological, hydrographic, seismic monitoring stations and natural disaster warning stations. To upgrade communications systems to ensure uninterrupted transmission to localities and people nationwide and vessels operating at sea, of which the priority is given to give priority to investment in expansion of terrestrial satellite communication stations, mobile communication equipment and fishing vessel management system via satellites, ensure telecommunications and radio-television coverage to the Vietnam's sea, islands and exclusive economic zones.

XII. NATIONAL DEFENSE AND SECURITY

To effectively implement the policies of the Party on combining national defense and security with economic development and vice versa, and maintenance of economic security when developing the socialist-oriented market economy and promoting international economic integration. To consolidate the great national unity bloc which is people-centered, and to effectively mobilize the masses to constitute a "people-loving posture" in association with firmly building all-people national defense posture and people's security posture.

To study orientations for combining the overall allocation of national defense with the socio-economic development; to closely associate the economic, cultural and social development with the consolidation and enhancement of national defense in each territory, in strategic areas, borders, seas, islands, key economic zones and industrial parks; to meet the needs for defense in association with socio-economic development nationwide.

To firmly protect the national security, social order and safety; to effectively prevent, detect and handle acts against the national security, thereby contributing to firmly protecting the national sovereignty and interests; to effectively combat social disturbances and damages to the legitimate interests of organizations and individuals.

XII. LIST OF IMPORTANT NATIONAL PROJECTS AND IMPLEMENTATION PHASES

1. Criteria for important national projects

Important national programs and projects to be mentioned in the Master Plan must be technical and social infrastructure programs and projects at a large scale including strategic, national, inter-regional scale in association with the establishment and development of national economic corridors and dynamic zones.

2. List of important national projects

The list of important national programs and projects identified in the Master Plan is for guidance only and may be revised and amended throughout the process of making decisions on investment policies in accordance with the laws. The implementation phases of programs and projects shall be appropriately considered and adjusted by competent authorities depending on the capacity of resources. The objectives, scale, location, total investment, capital sources and demands for land use of each specific project shall be identified throughout the process of investment preparation and decision on the investment policy of such project.

The list of important national programs and projects for the period of 2021-2030, with a vision toward 2050 is attached hereto.

XIV. SOLUTIONS AND RESOURCES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OVERALL MASTER PLAN

1. Regarding mobilization of resources

- To continue to restructure the state budget, to ensure a reasonable ratio between current expenditure and capital expenditure. To restructure public investment expenditure, to improve efficiency and effectiveness of allocation and disbursement of public investment capital. To prioritize public investment in large-scale inter-regional, inter-provincial infrastructure networks (seaports, airports, roads, high-speed railways, etc.) or those connecting the regions with major economic hubs and connecting with regional and international traffic networks; investment in projects with high spillover effects, solve essential needs and bottlenecks of the regions to bring high economic and social efficiency to the whole regions. To promote the leading role, the "seed capital" of public investment to attract the private sector to participate in investment projects in the form of public-private partnership (PPP).

To accelerate the divestment of State capital from and the equitization of State-owned enterprises not included in the list of enterprises whose capital should be held by the State, to assign, contract and lease out State-owned enterprises, create fiscal space for mobilization of non-state resources for investment in socio-economic development. To invest proceeds from equitization of State-owned enterprises and divested State capital in national and local key, important infrastructure projects. To resolutely put an end to thinned-out investment and investment in non-core sectors and fields through divestment to ensure that state enterprises will concentrate on their major business lines.

To complete policies on collection of the budget revenues from land, property and natural resources; to adopt appropriate mechanisms to exploit resources from land for socio-economic infrastructure development. To increase the revenues of the State budget from auctions or bidding of urban land in major urban centers for re-investment in urban infrastructure construction.

To further speed up administrative reform, improve and raise the quality of investment and business environment, creating the most favorable conditions for investment and business activities of all economic sectors, and ensuring fair, impartial and transparent competitiveness. To improve the legal framework and policies for the development of assorted capital markets, particularly the stock market and venture capital market, in order to mobilize medium- and long-term capital sources for investment and promote startups and innovation.

To vigorously renew policies to attract foreign investment and make comprehensive preparations of conditions such as infrastructure, institutions, human resources, etc. to raise the efficiency of foreign investment to realize development goals. To attract the world’s large enterprises with advanced technology, hi-tech and modern management systems and leading multinational corporations to invest in localities in dynamic regions and form industrial clusters, thereby creating great spillover effects and promoting the development of the domestic economic sector.

To effectively mobilize foreign loans with preferential and appropriate conditions and interest rates, focusing on a number of key fields; to prioritize investment in projects directly boosting growth in association with sustainable development and spillover effects such as those on climate change adaptation, improvement of the environmental quality, education, health care, and technology.

2. Regarding mechanisms and policies

To formulate and improve legal institutions associated with organization of strict and effective law enforcement, creating legal grounds for the implementation of the master plan.

To prioritize investment in the development of large-scale infrastructure networks (seaports, airports, roads, high-speed railways, etc.) of national dynamic zones and promotion of the establishment of prioritized economic corridors. To formulate mechanisms and policies for localities in national dynamic regions that have resources for building regional infrastructure as well as infrastructure facilities linking local development centers with the national infrastructure system.

To focus on investment in disadvantaged areas, creation of favorable conditions for ethnic minorities and disadvantaged areas in order to have equal access to resources, development opportunities and equal enjoyment of basic social services.

To formulate specific mechanisms and policies on development of education, training, health care and improvement of the quality of human resources; to create livelihoods and jobs, settle down and stabilize population in ethnic minority-inhabited areas, especially in remote and border areas. To implement socio-economic development programs and projects in ethnic minority-inhabited and mountainous areas and areas with extreme difficulties. To step by step develop areas with difficulties based on the construction of infrastructure facilities linking such areas with economic corridors, and linking border areas with difficulties with the development of border gate economic zones.

3. Regarding science and technology

To select and focus on supporting technology research, application and development for a number of key industries and fields. To raise the country’s scientific and technological potential and level so as to be able to follow new scientific research and technological development trends, developing highly applicable prioritized technologies, particularly digital technology, biology, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, automation, biomedical electronics, energy and environmental technology.

To continue adopting investment incentives and policies and effectively exploiting hi-tech parks, hi-tech agricultural zones, information technology parks, and national innovation centers after advanced models in the world.

4. Regarding human resources

To adopt policies to support and build the capacity of institutions providing training in priority disciplines associated with application of advanced technologies and basic sciences for scientific and technological development; to mobilize domestic and international resources for training and retraining human resources.

To make general preferential policies to attract high-quality human resources to work in localities in dynamic zones; to develop incentive mechanisms and attract talents and high-quality human resources for prioritized industries. To renew policies to attract human resources, especially the scientific and technological staff to work for a long time and develop local human resources in remote, disadvantaged areas, especially ethnic minority-inhabited areas.

5. Regarding international cooperation:

To promote cooperation with countries, international organizations, financial institutions and donor agencies to mobilize financial resources for investment projects on building infrastructure facilities as well as technical assistance and capacity building projects to increase economic connectivity in and outside the ASEAN.

To effectively implement bilateral and multilateral agreements on infrastructure, especially transport infrastructure (such as aviation, maritime, road, railway and waterway), to facilitate cross-border transport of passengers and cargoes, inter-country transport, and multimodal transport within the framework of the ASEAN and the Greater Mekong Sub-Region (GMS) and with countries worldwide.

To actively and proactively cooperate with countries and territories worldwide in boosting economic, trade and investment relations, especially creating more favorable conditions for Vietnam’s exports to gain access to large important markets.

To actively and proactively participate in international agreements, regional cooperation agreements on water resources, bilateral treaties and multilateral cooperation mechanisms, promote international cooperation on water resources on the principle of respecting international law and interests of each related nation in the exploitation, use and management of transboundary water resources.

To actively and proactively participate in international agreements on climate change, take advantage of international support resources in responding to climate change.

XV. ORGANIZATION OF IMPLEMENTATION

1. After the National Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050 is adopted by the National Assembly, the ministries, sectoral authorities and People's Committees of provinces and municipalities shall perform the tasks respective to their competence:

a) Declare the National Master Plan in accordance with the law regulations on planning; develop the plans for implementation of the National Master Plan and submit them to competent authorities for approval in accordance with the laws and then organize the implementation of the Master Plan.

b) Review the master plans in the national planning system to ensure the conformity, accordance and uniformity with the National Master Plan before submitting them to competent authorities for decision or approval; review and adjust the master plans in the national planning system that have been decided or approved if any inconsistency with the National Master Plan, and submit them to competent authorities for decision or approval in accordance with Resolution No. 61/2022/QH15 of the National Assembly.

c) Research and develop mechanisms and policies, balance capital, science and technology resources and human resources, and have specific solutions to successfully implement the objectives, tasks and orientations specified in the National Master Plan.

d) Strengthen the inspection of the implementation of the Master Plan; strictly punish organizations and individuals that breach the Master Plan; complete the national planning information system and database in accordance with the law regulations.

dd) Review and evaluate the implementation of the National Master Plan in accordance with the law regulations on planning.

2. The ministries, sectoral authorities and local authorities shall urgently complete National Master Plans for their respective sectors, regional or provincial development plans for the period of 2021-2030, with a vision toward 2050; appraise and approve them in accordance with the law regulations.

LIST OF IMPORTANT NATIONAL PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS FOR THE 2021-2030 PERIOD, WITH A VISION TOWARD 2050