Law on Deposit Insurance 2025

LAW

On Deposit Insurance¹

Pursuant to the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, which has a number of articles amended and supplemented under Resolution No. 203/2025/QH15;

The National Assembly promulgates the Law on Deposit Insurance.

Chapter I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of regulation

This Law provides deposit insurance activities; rights and obligations of insured depositors, organisations participating in deposit insurance, and deposit insurers, and the state management of deposit insurance.

Article 2. Subjects of application

This Law applies to insured depositors, organisations participating in deposit insurance, deposit insurers, and other agencies, organisations and individuals involved in deposit insurance activities.

Article 3. Purpose of deposit insurance

Deposit insurance aims to protect the lawful rights and interests of depositors, contributing to maintaining the stability of the system of credit institutions and ensuring the safe and sound development of banking activities.

Article 4. Interpretation of terms

In this Law, the terms below are construed as follows:

1. Deposit insurance means the guarantee for reimbursement of deposits to insured depositors within the insurance payout limit when an insurance payout obligation arises in accordance with this Law.

2. Insured depositor means an individual who has his/her deposits insured at an organisation participating in deposit insurance.

3. Organisation participating in deposit insurance means a credit institution or a foreign bank branch established and operating under the Law on Credit Institutions that is licensed to receive deposits from individuals.

4. Deposit insurer means a state financial institution operating for not-for-profit purposes and implementing deposit insurance policies, contributing to maintaining the stability of the system of credit institutions, and ensuring the safe and sound development of banking activities.

5. Deposit insurance premium means a money amount payable by an organisation participating in deposit insurance to a deposit insurer to insure deposits of insured depositors at such organisation.

6. Insurance payout limit means the maximum money amount to be paid by a deposit insurer for all insured deposits of a person at a single organisation participating in deposit insurance when an insurance payout obligation arises.

Article 5. Principles of deposit insurance

1. Deposit insurance is a type of compulsory insurance in accordance with this Law.

2. Deposit insurance activities must be public and transparent, guaranteeing the lawful rights and interests of insured depositors, organisations participating in deposit insurance, and deposit insurers.

Article 6. Participation in deposit insurance

Credit institutions and foreign bank branches licensed to receive deposits from individuals shall participate in deposit insurance; policy banks are not required to participate in deposit insurance.

Article 7. The State’s policies on deposit insurance

1. The State shall adopt policies to protect lawful rights and interests of depositors.

2. The State shall adopt management and use policies to preserve capital when conducting investment activities and to increase capital sources for operation of deposit insurers.

Article 8. Responsibility for state management of deposit insurance

1. The Government shall perform the unified state management of deposit insurance.

2. The State Bank of Vietnam shall be held responsible before the Government for performing the state management of deposit insurance.

3. Ministries and ministerial-level agencies shall, within the ambit of their tasks and powers, coordinate with the State Bank of Vietnam in performing the state management of deposit insurance.

4. People’s Committees at all levels shall, within the ambit of their tasks and powers, coordinate with state management agencies in performing the state management of deposit insurance in their localities.

Article 9. The State Bank of Vietnam’s responsibilities in the state management of deposit insurance

1. To submit the deposit insurance development strategy to the Prime Minister for approval.

2. To carry out examination and inspection, handle violations, and settle complaints and denunciations regarding deposit insurance in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws, except those specified in Article 10 of this Law.

3. To conclude international agreements or submit to competent agencies for conclusion treaties on deposit insurance.

Article 10. The Ministry of Finance’s responsibilities in the state management of deposit insurance

The Ministry of Finance shall examine the implementation of regulations on financial, accounting and bookkeeping regimes by deposit insurers.

Article 11. Prohibited acts

1. Organisations participating in deposit insurance failing to pay deposit insurance premiums.

2. Deposit insurers failing to pay out or to fully pay out insurance sums.

3. Committing frauds in or forging dossiers, documents, data or papers on deposit insurance.

4. Obstructing, or causing troubles, thus causing damage to the lawful rights and interests of deposit insurers, organisations participating in deposit insurance, insured depositors, and agencies and organisations involved in deposit insurance.

5. Abusing positions and powers to act in contravention of the law on deposit insurance.

Chapter II

RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF INSURED DEPOSITORS, ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN DEPOSIT INSURANCE, AND DEPOSIT INSURERS

Article 12. Rights and obligations of insured depositors

1. To have their deposits at organisations participating in deposit insurance insured in accordance with this Law.

2. To fully and timely receive insurance sums in accordance with this Law.

3. To request organisations participating in deposit insurance and deposit insurers to provide adequate and accurate information and regulations on deposit insurance.

4. To lodge complaints or denunciations, or initiate lawsuits against agencies, organisations and individuals involved in deposit insurance.

5. To provide adequate and truthful information on deposits at the request of organisations participating in deposit insurance or deposit insurers when performing insurance payout procedures.

Article 13. Rights and obligations of organisations participating in deposit insurance

1. To be issued a certificate of deposit insurance participation.

2. To publicly notify their participation in deposit insurance.

3. To calculate and pay deposit insurance premiums fully and on time.

4. To request deposit insurers to pay insurance sums to insured depositors when the insurance payout obligation arises.

5. To lodge complaints or denunciations, or initiate lawsuits against agencies, organisations and individuals involved in deposit insurance.

6. To provide information on insured deposits, other information relevant to the payment of insurance sums on a periodical basis or at the request of deposit insurers, and relevant information serving the examination by deposit insurers as specified in Clause 10, Article 14 of this Law to deposit insurers.

7. To coordinate with deposit insurers in disseminating policies and laws on deposit insurance.

8. Other rights and obligations as provided in this Law and other relevant laws.

Article 14. Rights and obligations of deposit insurers

1. To formulate the deposit insurance development strategy for submission by the State Bank of Vietnam to the Prime Minister for approval, and organise the implementation thereof.

2. To propose to competent state management agencies the promulgation of new legal documents, or the amendment, supplementation, replacement, annulment, or termination of the implementation, of existing legal documents concerning deposit insurance activities.

3. To submit to examination, inspection and supervision by the State Bank of Vietnam and other competent state agencies in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws.

4. To issue, re-issue, revoke or temporarily revoke certificates of deposit insurance participation.

5. To request organisations participating in deposit insurance to provide information on insured deposits, other information on the payment of insurance sums, and relevant information serving the examination by deposit insurers as specified in Clause 10 of this Article under regulations of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam.

6. To calculate and collect deposit insurance premiums from organisations participating in deposit insurance in accordance with this Law.

7. To manage, use and preserve their capital when carrying out investment activities, except certain objective reasons and force majeure events affecting their capital and income under regulations on the financial regime of deposit insurers. The capital preservation shall be evaluated on the basis of the overall performance of deposit insurers.

8. To pay insurance sums to insured depositors in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws.

9. To monitor and examine the compliance with the regulations on deposit insurance by deposit insurers; to propose the State Bank of Vietnam to handle acts violating the regulations on deposit insurance.

10. To carry out the examination of organisations participating in deposit insurance under plans and according to contents as assigned by the State Bank of Vietnam.

11. To synthesise, analyse and process information on organisations participating in deposit insurance in order to detect, and propose the State Bank of Vietnam to promptly handle, violations of the regulations on prudence of banking operations and risks to the safety of the system of credit institutions.

12. To keep the confidentiality of deposit statistics and deposit insurance-related documents of organisations participating in deposit insurance in accordance with law.

13. To receive support from the state budget on the refund principle under the Prime Minister’s decisions, or borrow loans from credit institutions and other organisations with government guarantee in case capital sources of deposit insurers are temporarily insufficient to pay insurance sums; to receive donations from domestic and foreign organisations and individuals to enhance their operational capacity; to borrow special loans from the State Bank of Vietnam in accordance with this Law, the Law on Credit Institutions, and other relevant laws.

14. To participate in the process of early intervention, special control or handling of credit institutions:

a/ To participate in the evaluation of feasibility of recovery plans, plans on merger, consolidations or transfer of the whole of capital contributions, or to participate in the formulation of bankruptcy plans for credit institutions under special control in accordance with the law on credit institutions;

b/ To provide special loans to organisations participating in deposit insurance in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws;

c/ To purchase long-term bonds of credit institutions as mandatory transferees under decisions of the State Bank of Vietnam;

d/ To appoint qualified and eligible persons to hold the titles of Chairperson and other members of the Board of Directors; Head and other members of the Supervisory Board; Director, Deputy Director, and holders of other managerial and executive titles of people’s credit funds under special control at the request of the State Bank of Vietnam;

dd/ Other contents as specified by this Law and other relevant laws.

15. To participate in the management and liquidation of assets of organisations participating in deposit insurance in accordance with the law on credit institutions and other relevant laws.

16. To carry out the public communication about policies, laws and activities concerning deposit insurance; to organise training and disseminate knowledge on deposit insurance and related contents for/among related organisations and individuals; to research and apply science, technology and management methods suitable to development requirements of deposit insurers.

Chapter III

DEPOSIT INSURANCE ACTIVITIES

Section 1

CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT INSURANCE PARTICIPATION

Article 15. Issuance, re-issuance, revocation and temporary revocation of certificates of deposit insurance participation

1. Deposit insurers shall issue certificates of deposit insurance participation to organisations participating in deposit insurance after the State Bank of Vietnam issues establishment and operation licences to credit institutions or establishment licences to foreign bank branches.

2. Deposit insurers shall revoke certificates of deposit insurance participation after the State Bank of Vietnam issues documents on revocation of establishment and operation licences of credit institutions or establishment licences of foreign bank branches; and shall temporarily revoke certificates of deposit insurance participation when the competent authority issues documents on suspension of deposit-taking activities of credit institutions or foreign bank branches in accordance with law.

3. Immediately after issuing or revoking an establishment and operation licence of a credit institution or an establishment licence of a foreign bank branch, or issuing a document on suspension of deposit-taking activities of a credit institution or foreign bank branch, the State Bank of Vietnam shall notify such to the concerned deposit insurer for the latter to issue, revoke or temporarily revoke the certificate of deposit insurance participation.

4. A deposit insurer shall re-issue a certificate of deposit insurance participation at the request of an organisation participating in deposit insurance or when deeming it necessary.

5. A deposit insurer shall issue documents guiding the issuance, re-issuance, revocation and temporary revocation of certificates of deposit insurance participation.

Article 16. Publicisation of deposit insurance participation

The publicisation of deposit insurance participation at all transaction offices that receive deposits, on websites of organisations participating in deposit insurance (if any), and on websites of deposit insurers, and in other forms of publicisation by organisations participating in deposit insurance must comply with guidance of deposit insurers.

Section 2

INSURED DEPOSITS

Article 17. Insured deposits

Insured deposits are Vietnam-dong amounts deposited by individuals at organisations participating in deposit insurance in the form of time deposits, demand deposits, savings deposits, and deposit certificates, and other forms in accordance with the law on credit institutions, except the types of deposits specified in Article 18 of this Law.

Article 18. Uninsured deposits

1. Deposits at credit institutions made by individuals who own more than 5% of charter capital of such credit institutions; and deposits at credit institutions made by individuals and their affiliated persons who own more than 5% of charter capital of such credit institutions. Affiliated persons shall be identified in accordance with the law on credit institutions.

2. Deposits at credit institutions made by individuals who are managers, executive officers or members of the Supervisory Boards of such credit institutions; and deposits at foreign bank branches made by individuals who are Chief Executive Officers or Chief Operations Officers of such foreign bank branches.

3. Compulsory savings deposits at microfinance institutions as specified by law.

4. Money amounts used for purchase of bearer valuable papers issued by organisations participating in deposit insurance.

Section 3

DEPOSIT INSURANCE PREMIUMS

Article 19. Deposit insurance premiums

1. The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam shall set deposit insurance premium rates and the application of flat-rate or differentiated deposit insurance premiums suitable to the characteristics of the credit institution system in Vietnam in each period.

2. Credit institutions placed under special control are exempt from paying deposit insurance premiums.

3. In case a deposit insurer borrows a special loan from the State Bank of Vietnam under Article 38 of this Law, it may formulate a plan to increase deposit insurance premiums to offset such special loan, which must at least state the premium increase duration and to-be-increased premium rates, and shall submit it to the State Bank of Vietnam for consideration and decision.

4. Upon being placed under special control, a credit institution may temporarily defer the payment of underpaid or late-paid deposit insurance premiums and late-payment interests (if any) arising before it is placed under special control. The credit institution placed under special control shall formulate a plan to fully repay the amounts eligible for deferred payment to be included in the restructuring plan for submission to the competent authority for approval.

5. Deposit insurance premiums shall be calculated based on the average deposit balance of insured deposits at an organisation participating in deposit insurance.

6. Deposit insurance premiums shall be calculated and paid on a quarterly basis within a fiscal year. Organisations participating in deposit insurance shall pay deposit insurance premiums for a quarter to deposit insurers no later than the 20 of the first month of the subsequent quarter.

7. Deposit insurance premiums shall be accounted into operation expenses of organisations participating in deposit insurance.

8. The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam shall guide the calculation and payment of deposit insurance premiums.

Article 20. Measures to handle underpayment or late payment of deposit insurance premiums

1. An organisation participating in deposit insurance that fails to meet the deadline for payment of deposit insurance premiums specified in Article 19 of this Law shall, in addition to having to fully pay the outstanding premium amount, bear a per diem late-payment interest equal to 0.05% of the unpaid amount, except cases of late payment due to force majeure events as specified by law or cases eligible for temporary deferral of underpaid or late-paid deposit insurance premiums specified in Clause 4, Article 19 of this Law.

2. In case a deposit insurer detects an inaccuracy in the calculation and payment of a deposit insurance premium, it shall notify and retroactively collect the underpaid premium amount or refund the overpaid premium amount within 15 days from the date of detection.

3. After the time limit of 30 days from the deadline for payment of deposit insurance premiums, if an organisation participating in deposit insurance fails to pay or to fully pay deposit insurance premiums and late-payment interest, the deposit insurer shall request in writing the State Bank of Vietnam to handle the violation in accordance with law.

Section 4

PAYMENT OF INSURANCE SUMS

Article 21. Time when the insurance payout obligation arises

The insurance payout obligation arises when:

1. The bankruptcy plan of a credit institution is approved or the State Bank of Vietnam issues a document to determine that a foreign bank branch is no longer able to pay deposits to depositors;

2. The State Bank of Vietnam issues a document to terminate deposit-taking activities of a credit institution placed under special control, and such credit institution has an accumulated loss exceeding 100% of the value of its charter capital and reserve funds as shown in its latest audited financial statement; or,

3. The State Bank of Vietnam sends a notice of payment of insurance sum to the deposit insurer under Clause 2, Article 36 of this Law.

Article 22. Insurance payout limit

1. The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam shall set the insurance payout limit in each period.

2. When the insurance payout obligation arises under Clause 2 or 3, Article 21 of this Law, in special cases, in order to protect interests of depositors, the safety of the credit institution system, and social order and safety, the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam may decide on a payout limit higher than the limit specified in Clause 1 of this Article but not exceeding all insured deposits of the depositor at the organisation participating in deposit insurance when the insurance payout obligation arises.

3. The insurance payout limit in case of implementation of the bankruptcy plan of a credit institution placed under special control must comply with the Law on Credit Institutions.

Article 23. Insurance sums permitted to be paid

1. An insurance sum permitted to be paid for all insured deposits of a person at an organisation participating in deposit insurance, including the principal and interest, must not exceed the insurance payout limit specified in Article 22 of this Law.

In case an insured depositor has a debt at the organisation participating in deposit insurance, the insured deposit amount is the amount left after having such debt deducted.

2. An insurance sum permitted to be paid in case many persons co-own an insured deposit is specified as follows:

a/ An insurance sum permitted to be paid for all insured deposits co-owned by many persons at an organisation participating in deposit insurance includes the principal and interest;

b/ The maximum insurance sum permitted to be paid to a co-owner, inclusive of the insurance sum permitted to be paid for other insured deposits of such co-owner at the same organisation participating in deposit insurance, must not exceed the insurance payout limit;

c/ An insurance sum permitted to be paid shall be divided as agreed upon by co-owners; in case no agreement is reached or can be reached, such insurance sum shall be divided in accordance with law.

Article 24. Insurance payout procedures

1. Within 5 working days after the insurance payout obligation arises, the organisation participating in deposit insurance shall send a payout claim dossier to the deposit insurer.

A payout claim dossier must comprise a claim form, a list of insured depositors, deposit amount of each insured depositor, and insurance sum requested to be paid by the deposit insurer.

2. Within 5 working days after receiving a complete dossier specified in Clause 1 of this Article, the deposit insurer shall examine papers, books and records to determine the to-be-paid amount.

3. Within 10 working days after completing the examination under Clause 2 of this Article, the deposit insurer shall adopt a plan on payment of insurance sums to insured depositors; and publicly notify the place, time and mode of insurance sum payment in three consecutive issues of a central newspaper, a newspaper of the locality in which its head office is located and at branches of the concerned organisation participating in deposit insurance, and on a Vietnamese online newspaper, and the website of the deposit insurer, and in other forms as decided by the deposit insurer.

4. Within 45 days after the insurance payout obligation arises, the deposit insurer shall pay insurance sums to insured depositors.

5. When receiving insurance sums, insured depositors shall produce documents and data proving their lawful ownership of insured deposits at the organisation participating in deposit insurance.

6. Deposit insurers shall directly pay insurance sums to insured depositors or authorise other organisations participating in deposit insurance to do so.

7. Ten years after a deposit insurer publicly notifies the payment of the insurance sum, any unclaimed insurance sums shall be added to operating capital sources of the deposit insurer, and the owner of the insured deposit may not request the deposit insurer to pay such insurance sum.

Article 25. Settlement of deposit amounts in excess of the insurance payout limit

An insured depositor’s deposit amount, including the principal and interest, that exceeds the insurance payout limit, shall be settled in the course of handling of assets of the organisation participating in deposit insurance in accordance with law.

Article 26. Recovery of payable insurance sums from organisations participating in deposit insurance

1. The deposit insurer becomes a creditor of the organisation participating in deposit insurance for the insurance sum already paid to the insured depositor from the date of payment.

2. The deposit insurer is entitled to a divided asset value in the same order of priority as a depositor and may recover the payable insurance sum in the course of settlement of assets of the organisation participating in deposit insurance in accordance with law.

Chapter IV

DEPOSIT INSURERS

Article 27. Deposit insurers

1. Deposit insurers are state financial institutions established and having their functions and tasks defined by the Prime Minister.

2. Deposit insurers are legal persons that operate for not-for-profit purposes, practice financial autonomy, and cover their own expenses.

3. The management organisation structure of a deposit insurer shall be composed of the Board of Directors, the Supervisory Board, and the Chief Executive Officer.

4. A deposit insurer has its head office, branches, representative offices, and other subsidiary units (if any).

5. The Government shall specify the organisation, operation, and the regime of salaries, remunerations and bonuses of deposit insurers as appropriate to the nature of their operation.

Article 28. Operating capital sources

The operating capital sources of a deposit insurer include:

1. Charter capital allocated by the State and added in accordance with the Government’s regulations;

2. Special loans from the State Bank of Vietnam; refundable capital support from the state budget under the Prime Minister’s decisions, or loans from credit institutions and other organisations with government guarantee in case the capital sources of the deposit insurer are temporarily insufficient to pay insurance sums;

3. The technical reserves fund:

a/ The technical reserves fund is formed from collected deposit insurance premiums; unclaimed insurance sums; the annual financial revenue-expenditure difference left after setting aside funds under regulations; and money amounts (if any) receivable by the deposit insurer from the liquidation of assets of organisations participating in deposit insurance under regulations;

b/ The technical reserves fund shall be used for payment of insurance sums to depositors in accordance with the law on deposit insurance; participation in the process of early intervention and special control of organisations participating in deposit insurance, and other activities in accordance with this Law;

c/ The deposit insurer may account deposit amounts already paid to depositors as a reduction in its technical reserves fund;

4. The development investment fund:

The development investment fund shall be set aside from the annual financial revenue-expenditure difference of the deposit insurer, and used to implement investment projects on development of the deposit insurer and to add its charter capital;

5. The financial reserve fund:

The financial reserve fund shall be used to offset the remainder of losses and asset damage occurring in the course of operation after they are covered by compensations of organisations and individuals that have caused the losses, insurers, and risk provisions; and used for other purposes in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws;

6. Other lawful capital sources as specified by law.

Article 29. Investment activities

1. Deposit insurers may use their operating capital sources, except the capital sources specified in Clause 2, Article 28 of this Law, to:

a/ Purchase and sell government bonds; purchase and sell treasury bills of the State Bank of Vietnam from/to credit institutions and foreign bank branches;

b/ Deposit money at the State Bank of Vietnam;

c/ Purchase and sell bonds and deposit certificates issued by commercial banks in which the State holds more than 50% of charter capital, or joint-stock commercial banks in which state enterprises hold more than 50% of charter capital; deposit money at commercial banks in which the State holds more than 50% of charter capital, or joint-stock commercial banks in which state enterprises hold more than 50% of charter capital. They may not make investment in commercial banks currently placed under special control;

d/ Other investment activities as specified by the Government.

2. When they are not yet used, the capital sources specified in Clause 2, Article 28 of this Law shall be deposited at the State Bank of Vietnam.

3. The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam shall specify methods of investment by deposit insurers and the process of risk control and management in investment activities of deposit insurers.

4. Deposit insurers shall decide on criteria for their investment portfolios, investment structure and specific investments specified in Clause 1 of this Article. Deposit insurers shall control and manage risks of their investments.

Article 30. Financial, accounting, bookkeeping and auditing regimes

1. Revenues of deposit insurers shall be recorded in accordance with Vietnamese accounting standards and relevant regulations, and fully accounted into revenues, including revenues from deposit insurance operations, revenues from investment activities, and revenues from other activities.

2. Expenditures of deposit insurers shall be recorded in adherence to the principle of matching revenues and expenditures in accordance with Vietnamese accounting standards and relevant regulations. Expenditures of deposit insurers are actually arising expenses in relation to activities of deposit insurers, including expenses for deposit insurance operations; expenses for investment activities; expenses for managers, executive officers and employees; expenses for management activities; expenses for risk provision; and other expenses.

3. The annual revenue-expenditure difference of a deposit insurer is operational results of the deposit insurer, determined as total revenues minus total reasonable and valid expenses arising during the year.

4. The revenue-expenditure difference of a deposit insurer shall be distributed as follows:

a/ To make up for the negative difference of revenues and expenditures of previous years;

b/ To set aside funds, including the development investment fund, the financial reserve fund, and the reward and welfare fund. The Minister of Finance shall specify the ratio for setting aside funds from the revenue-expenditure difference of a deposit insurer as specified in this Point as appropriate to the nature of operation of the deposit insurer;

c/ The remainder shall be set aside for the technical reserves fund.

5. In case a deposit insurer uses its technical reserves fund to pay insurance sums to depositors in accordance with law or to carry out activities specified in Points b and c, Clause 14, Article 14 of this Law, resulting in a lack of revenues to cover its operations and a negative revenue-expenditure difference, it may use the financial reserve fund and collected insurance premiums (after the financial reserve fund has been used up) to cover operational expenses, and pay salaries and welfare benefits to employees, ensuring that salaries are not lower than those paid in the preceding year.

6. The financial, accounting and bookkeeping regimes of deposit insurers shall be based on the financial mechanism applicable to single-member limited liability companies in which the State holds 100% of charter capital as appropriate to the nature of operation of such deposit insurers, and shall be specified by the Minister of Finance.

7. Annual financial statements of deposit insurers shall be audited and certified by the State Audit Office of Vietnam.

Article 31. Management and investment of state capital in deposit insurers

1. Principles of management and investment of state capital in deposit insurers:

a/ Compliance with this Law and other relevant laws, and alignment with the nature of not-for-profit operation of deposit insurers;

b/ Owner’s representative agencies and state management agencies may not interfere directly in regular operations, investment activities, and management and executive operations of the owner’s direct representatives and other title holders in accordance with the regulations on organisation and operation of deposit insurers;

c/ The management of state capital invested in deposit insurers shall be performed through the owner’s direct representatives.

2. The state owner’s representatives:

a/ The Government shall uniformly exercise rights and perform responsibilities of the state owner’s representative in investing and managing state capital in deposit insurers;

b/ The Prime Minister, the State Bank of Vietnam, and the owner’s direct representative at a deposit insurer shall exercise the rights and perform the responsibilities of the state owner’s representative towards such deposit insurer in accordance with this Law and the Government’s regulations.

3. The Government shall specify the management and investment of capital, and the supervision and evaluation of efficiency of investment of state capital in deposit insurers.

Chapter V

INFORMATION AND REPORTING ACTIVITIES

Article 32. Responsibilities of deposit insurers to report and disclose information

1. Deposit insurers shall report to the State Bank of Vietnam:

a/ Information on the compliance with the law on deposit insurance by organisations participating in deposit insurance on a biannual basis or at the request of the State Bank of Vietnam;

b/ Information on the payment of insurance sums to insured depositors on a biannual basis or at the request of the State Bank of Vietnam;

c/ Results of the performance of the tasks specified in Clause 11, Article 14 of this Law on a quarterly basis or at the request of the State Bank of Vietnam;

d/ Audited annual financial statements and annual operation reports;

dd/ Other information on deposit insurance activities at the request of the State Bank of Vietnam.

2. Deposit insurers shall disclose information on the revocation or temporary revocation of certificates of deposit insurance participation and plans on payment of insurance sums to insured depositors under Clause 2, Article 15, and Clause 3, Article 24, of this Law.

Article 33. Provision of information by the State Bank of Vietnam

1. Deposit insurers are entitled to access data and information of the State Bank of Vietnam on organisations participating in deposit insurance in order to perform their functions and tasks in accordance with regulations of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam.

2. The State Bank of Vietnam shall allow deposit insurers to access data and information on organisations participating in deposit insurance.

3. The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam shall specify the provision of information on customers’ deposits at organisations participating in deposit insurance to deposit insurers.

Chapter VI

INSPECTION OF DEPOSIT INSURANCE

Article 34. Inspection of deposit insurance

1. The State Bank of Vietnam shall perform the function of inspecting deposit insurance.

2. Subject to inspection of deposit insurance are deposit insurers and organisations participating in deposit insurance.

3. Rights and obligations of subjects of inspection of deposit insurance must comply with the Law on the State Bank of Vietnam and the law on inspection.

4. The order and procedures for inspection of deposit insurance for organisations participating in deposit insurance must comply with the Law on the State Bank of Vietnam and the law on inspection.

5. The order and procedures for inspection of deposit insurance for deposit insurers must comply with the law on inspection.

Chapter VII

PARTICIPATION IN HANDLING CREDIT INSTITUTIONS SUBJECT TO EARLY INTERVENTION OR PLACED UNDER SPECIAL CONTROL; PARTICIPATION IN HANDLING INCIDENTS AND CRISES IN OPERATION OF CREDIT INSTITUTIONS

Article 35. Special lending

1. Deposit insurers shall provide special loans from their technical reserves funds in the following cases:

a/ Providing special loans for commercial banks, cooperative banks and microfinance institutions placed under special control to implement their recovery plans;

b/ Providing special loans for commercial banks placed under special control to implement mandatory transfer plans;

c/ Providing special loans for commercial banks, cooperative banks, people’s credit funds and microfinance institutions subject to early intervention and facing mass withdrawals; or placed under special control and facing mass withdrawals, to pay deposits to depositors.

2. The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam shall specify the provision of special loans by deposit insurers to credit institutions.

3. Deposit insurers shall decide on the provision of special loans with or without interest, and with or without collateral; and shall formulate internal regulations on the provision of special loans to credit institutions.

Article 36. Payment of insurance sums to ensure system safety and social order and safety

1. To ensure system safety and social order and safety in accordance with Clause 4, Article 162 of the Law on Credit Institutions, the State Bank of Vietnam shall report to the Government for decision the proposal requesting deposit insurers to pay insurance sums in case credit institutions placed under special control become insolvent or are at risk of insolvency in accordance with the law on credit institutions.

2. The time the insurance payout obligation arises as specified in Clause 1 of this Article shall be determined when the State Bank of Vietnam issues a notice of insurance sum payment to a deposit insurer.

3. Plans on settlement of debts of deposit insurers shall be approved in their recovery plans, plans on merger, consolidation, on transfer of the whole of shares or capital contributions, plans on mandatory transfer, or bankruptcy plans.

4. If the balance of its technical reserves fund is insufficient to pay insurance sums, a deposit insurer may borrow special loans from the State Bank of Vietnam to pay insurance sums in accordance with Clause 1 of this Article.

Article 37. Principles of settlement of special loans

1. Special loans from deposit insurers shall be prioritised for repayment under Clause 1, Article 194 of the Law on Credit Institutions.

2. After a deposit insurer’s bankruptcy plan is approved, the amounts provided as special loans by the deposit insurer shall be converted into amounts for payment of deposits to depositors.

Article 38. Special loans from the State Bank of Vietnam

1. Deposit insurers may borrow special loans at an interest rate of 0%, without collateral, from the State Bank of Vietnam in the cases specified in Article 21 of this Law and when the balance of the technical reserves funds is insufficient to pay insurance sums.

The balance of the technical reserves fund of a deposit insurer shall be determined as insufficient to pay insurance sums when the deposit insurer has used up the technical reserves fund but it remains insufficient to perform its insurance payout obligation. The sale of immature valuable papers and the withdrawal of immature deposits must adhere to the principle of capital preservation in investment activities.

2. Deposit insurers shall formulate plans on increase of deposit insurance premiums to offset special loans; and prioritise using special loan repayments by credit institutions, proceeds from the sale of valuable papers held by themselves, proceeds from the liquidation of assets of credit institutions borrowing special loans, and deposit insurance premiums to repay special loans to the State Bank of Vietnam.

3. The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam shall guide the provision of special loans by the State Bank of Vietnam to deposit insurers.

Article 39. Participation in handling incidents and crises in operation of credit institutions

In case an incident or a crisis occurs, threatening the safety of the credit institution system, deposit insurers shall participate in handling such incident or crisis in accordance with this Law.

The Government shall decide on other measures for deposit insurers to participate in handling incidents and crises.

Chapter VIII

IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS

Article 40. Effect

1. This Law takes effect on May 1, 2026.

2. Law No. 06/2012/QH13 on Deposit Insurance ceases to be effective on the effective date of this Law.

Article 41. Transitional provisions

1. Certificates of deposit insurance participation issued before the effective date of this Law remain valid for use.

2. Promissory notes and treasury bills issued by organisations participating in deposit insurance and having an outstanding balance prior to July 1, 2024, shall be accounted as insured deposits until being fully paid by such organisations.

3. Credit institutions placed under special control before the effective date of this Law may temporarily defer the payment of late-payment interests that have arisen since they were placed under special control. Credit institutions placed under special control shall formulate plans to fully pay the late-payment interests eligible for deferred payment in their restructuring plans for submission to the competent authority for approval.

This Law was passed on December 10, 2025, by the 15 National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam at its 10 session.

Chairman of the National Assembly
TRAN THANH MAN