Decision 43/2025/QD-TTg prescribing roadmap for application of national technical regulation on emissions of in-use automobiles

DECISION

Prescribing the roadmap for application of the national technical regulation on emissions of in-use automobiles

Pursuant to the Law on Organization of the Government No. 63/2025/QH15;

Pursuant to the Law on Organization of Local Administration No. 72/2025/QH15;

Pursuant to the Law on Environmental Protection No. 72/2020/QH14;

Pursuant to the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety No. 36/2024/QH15;

At the proposal of the Minister of Agriculture and Environment;

The Prime Minister promulgates the Decision prescribing the roadmap for application of the national technical regulation on emissions of in-use automobiles.

Article 1. Scope of regulation

This Decision prescribes the roadmap for application of the national technical regulation on emissions of in-use automobiles (which are fitted with spark ignition and compression ignition engines) in Vietnam’s territory.

Article 2. Subjects of application

1. This Decision applies to organizations and individuals involved in the management, inspection and use of in-use automobiles (which are fitted with spark ignition and compression ignition engines) in Vietnam.

2. This Decision does not apply to:

a) Overseas-registered automobiles permitted by competent authorities to enter Vietnam for transit, or temporary import for re-export within a definite period for display at conferences, fairs or exhibitions, or for sports or tourism purposes;

b) Automobiles under the management of the Ministry of National Defence and the Ministry of Public Security that are used for national defense and security purposes.

Article 3. Interpretation of term

Emission tiers (including Tier 1, Tier 2, Tier 3, Tier 4 and Tier 5) are the emission standards applicable to automobiles prescribed in the national technical regulation on emissions of in-use automobiles, promulgated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment.

Article 4. Roadmap for application of the national technical regulation on emissions of in-use automobiles

1. Tier 1 shall be applied to automobiles manufactured before 1999 from the effective date of this Decision.

2. Tier 2 shall be applied to automobiles manufactured between 1999 and 2016 from the effective date of this Decision.

3. Tier 3 shall be applied to automobiles manufactured between 2017 and 2021 from the effective date of this Decision.

Automobiles operating within Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City that were manufactured between 2017 and 2021, shall be subject to Tier 4 from January 1, 2027.

4. Automobiles manufactured from 2022 onward shall be subject to Tier 4 and Tier 5 from the effective date of this Decision, and January 1, 2032, respectively.

For automobiles manufactured from 2022 onward and operating within Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, tier 5 shall be applied from January 1, 2028.

5. From January 1, 2029, automobiles operating within Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City must comply with the emission regulation of Tier 2 or higher.

Article 5. Organization of implementation

1. The Ministry of Agriculture and Environment shall assume responsibility for:

a) Providing guidance on organizing the implementation of this roadmap;

b) Based on the practical situation, further studying and formulating regulations to raise standards and national technical regulations on emissions of in-use automobiles, and submit them to the Prime Minister for promulgation of the following roadmap;

2. The Ministry of Construction shall assume the prime responsibility for organizing the inspection, certification, and specification of identification marks for automobiles that meet the emission tiers prescribed in this Decision; supervising motor vehicle inspection establishments, which conduct emission inspections of automobiles, regarding their compliance with this Decision in the inspection and certification of technical safety and environmental protection.

3. The Ministry of Industry and Trade shall assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with related ministries and sectors in, assuring the production, import and supply of motor vehicle fuels that are of a quality meeting the national technical regulation on gasoline, diesel fuel and biofuels, and that conform to the technical regulation and the roadmap for application of the emission tiers prescribed in this Decision.

4. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall assume responsibility for:

a) Studying and reviewing national technical regulations on fuel, in order to amend and supplement such regulations in conformity with the roadmap for application of the emission tiers prescribed in this Decision;

b) Reviewing the regulations on recognition and designation of organizations conducting inspection and calibration of emission-measuring equipment in accordance with the law on measurement, in order to amend and supplement such regulations in conformity with the roadmap for the application of the emission tiers prescribed in this Decision.

5. The Ministry of Finance shall assume the prime responsibility for proposing policies on taxes, fees, and financial support to encourage automobile users to replace or switch to more environmentally friendly vehicles.

6. The Ministry of Public Security shall organize the inspection and supervision of automobiles’ compliance with the corresponding emission tiers prescribed in this Decision; and handle violations in accordance with the law.

7. Ministries, ministerial-level agencies and government-attached agencies shall, within the ambit of their assigned functions and tasks, coordinate with the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment and the Ministry of Construction in implementing this Decision.

8. Provincial-level People’s Committees shall assume responsibility for:

a) Organizing the implementation of this Decision; and coordinating with the Ministry of Science and Technology in managing, inspecting, and supervising the quality of fuels circulated on the market;

b) Based on local socio-economic conditions and environmental protection requirements, where necessary, prescribing a more stringent roadmap for applying emission tiers in the locality’s strictly protected zones and emission-restricted zones, ensuring compliance with the Law on Environmental Protection and the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety.

Article 6. Effect and transitional provisions       

1. This Decision takes effect from March 01, 2026.

2. Automobiles granted valid certificates of technical safety and environmental protection inspection may continue to operate until the next inspection period, at which time the emission roadmap prescribed in this Decision shall be applied.

3. The emission tier applicable to automobiles manufactured from 2017 through 2021 shall be applied to: automobiles manufactured or assembled under certificates of technical safety and environmental protection granted before January 1, 2022, until the expiry of such certificates, and automobiles newly manufactured or assembled from chassis-cab vehicles that have been granted such certificates.

4. To annul the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 16/2019/QD-TTg dated March 28, 2019, prescribing the roadmap for application of emission standards for in-use automobiles and imported used automobiles.

5. Ministers, heads of ministerial-level agencies, heads of government-attached agencies, chairpersons of provincial-level People's Committees and related organizations and individuals shall implement this Decision./.