Resolution 81/2023/QH15 National Overall Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period

RESOLUTION

On the National Overall Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050^[1]

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

Pursuant to the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;

Pursuant to Law No. 57/2014/QH13 on Organization of the National Assembly, which had a number of articles amended and supplemented under Law No. 65/2020/QH14 ;

Pursuant to Planning Law No. 21/2017/QH14;

Pursuant to the National Assembly’s Resolution No. 61/2022/QH15 of June 16, 2022, on continuing to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of planning policies and laws and a number of solutions to tackle difficulties and obstacles in, accelerate the progress of formulation and improve the quality of, master plans in the 2021-2030 period;

After considering the Government’s Report No. 506/TTr-CP of December 27, 2022, on the National Overall Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050; Report No. 1539/BC-UBKT15 of January 4, 2023, of the National Assembly’s Economic Committee, verifying the dossier of the National Overall Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050; the National Assembly Standing Committee’s Report No. 399/BC-UBTVQH15 of January 8, 2023, on the making of replies to, adjustment of contents of, and giving of explanations about replies to, opinions of National Assembly deputies about the National Overall Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050, and opinions of National Assembly deputies;

RESOLVES:

Article 1. Title and scope of boundaries of the Master Plan

1. Title of the Master Plan: National Overall Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision toward 2050 (below referred to as the Master Plan).

2. Scope of boundaries of the Master Plan: The whole land territory, islands, archipelagoes, underground areas, maritime zones and airspace of Vietnam.

Article 2. Development viewpoints, visions and objectives and key tasks for the planning period

1. Development viewpoints and organization of development space in the 2021-2030 period

a/ Development viewpoints

- To promote inclusive, fast and sustainable development mainly based on science, technology, innovation, digital transformation, green transformation and circular economy.

- To bring into the fullest play advantages of the country, regions and localities; to ensure harmonious development of economic, cultural and social domains, environmental protection, adaptation to climate change, and assurance of national defense and security.

- To regard reform, improvement of the quality of socialist-oriented market economy institutions in a complete, synchronous and modern manner toward international integration and effective and efficient law enforcement as prerequisites to promote the national development, with the market playing a main role in the mobilization, allocation and efficient use of resources; to ensure fast and harmonious development of economic sectors and types of enterprises; to develop the private economic sector truly into an important driving force of the economy.

- To arouse the aspiration to develop a prosperous, happy and self-reliant country and promote the strength of the great national unity bloc; to bring into full play the human factor, regarding the people as the center, subjects, resources and goals of development; all policies must aim at improving the material and spiritual life and wellbeing of the people; to regard culture as a pillar of sustainable development, taking the values of Vietnamese culture and people as the foundation and important internal strength for sustainable development.

- To build an independent and self-reliant economy based on technological mastery and proactive and active international integration, diverse markets, and improved adaptability and resilience of the economy. It is required to build the production capacity of the country to effectively join with a higher profile in the global value chain; to regard promoting internal resources as a basic, strategic, long-term and decisive factor and external resources and strength of the era as important and breakthrough factors;

b/ Viewpoints on organization of development spaces

- National development spaces shall be organized in an effective and uniform manner nationwide, ensuring intra-regional, inter-regional, regional and international connectivity in association with the exploitation of comparative advantages of the whole country and every region and every locality in a region in order to mobilize, allocate and effectively use resources and raise the national competitiveness.

- To promote the targeted development, focusing on a number of geographical areas with favorable conditions in terms of geographical location, economic and social infrastructure, high-quality human resources, and other potential and advantages for development so as to form dynamic zones, economic corridors and growth poles, creating spillover effects so as to promote fast, effective and sustainable development of the national economy; at the same time, to adopt mechanisms and policies and mobilize resources suitable to the national economy’s conditions to ensure social security and provide public services to disadvantaged areas, particularly health and education services, thus gradually narrowing the development gap with geographical areas with favorable conditions.

- To efficiently and economically use natural resources, particularly land resources, water resources, forest resources, marine resources and minerals of all kinds; to ensure energy security, food security and water security; to develop green economy and circular economy; to protect the environment, conserve the nature and improve biodiversity quality; to proactively prevent and combat disasters and adapt to climate change.

- To organize development spaces of the country, regions, economic corridors and urban systems in association with the development of complete and modern infrastructure systems and harmonious development of urban areas and rural areas.

- The organization of national development spaces must ensure connection of mainland areas with the marine space; to manage, exploit and effectively use underground spaces, maritime zones and airspace; to effectively exploit digital resources and digital space; to attach importance to connecting domestic economic corridors with regional and international economic corridors; to closely and harmoniously combine economic, cultural and social development with firmly protecting the national independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity and consolidating and strengthening national defense and security potential.

2. Vision toward 2050

Vietnam will become a developed, high-income country with full, synchronous and modern socialist-oriented market economy institutions, an equitable, democratic and civilized society, and social governance based on a complete digital platform. The national economy will operate as a digital economy, green economy and circular economy; science, technology and innovation will serve as main growth drivers. Vietnam will be among top developed industrial countries in Asia; and become a regional and international financial center, with high-value ecological agriculture to be developed as that of top countries in the world. Vietnam will become a strong marine country, a marine economic center of the Asia-Pacific region, and actively and responsibly take part in addressing international and regional issues on seas and oceans.

The people will enjoy high-quality social services, sustainable social security system, and diverse and professional social assistance services, with prompt support and protection granted to vulnerable people. The fine cultural values and identities of the nation will be conserved, promoted and unified in diversity; the cultural industry will strongly be developed, thereby creating cultural products and services with brands, reputation and influence in the region and the world.

The infrastructure system will be complete and modern for effectively adapting to sea level rise and adverse impacts of climate change. The country’s regions will be developed harmoniously and sustainably, thereby effectively exploiting their potential and strengths.

The urban system will be linked into a complete and unified network which is resilient and adaptable to climate change, and will have typical, identity-imbued, green, civilized, modern and smart architecture; to build at least 5 world-class cities acting as focal points for connection and development with regional and international urban networks.

To build a modern countryside with rural people’s living conditions almost equal to those of urban people, and with green, clean and beautiful living environment which is imbued with national cultural identity.

To ensure good quality of the environment, harmony of the society with the nature, and effective low-carbon development; to strive for the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050. The disaster forecasting and warning, climate change monitoring and disaster risk management capacity will be equivalent to that of the developed countries in the world.

In the 2031-2050 period, to strive for a gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of 6.5%-7.5% per year on average. By 2050, per-capita GDP at current prices will reach USD 27,000-32,000, the urbanization rate will reach 70%-75%, the human development rate (HDI) will reach 0.8 or higher, the people will enjoy a happy life while national defense and security will be firmly maintained.

3. Development objectives toward 2030

a/ General objectives

To strive for the target that by 2030, Vietnam will become a developing country with modern industry, upper-middle income, and economic growth based on science, technology, innovation and digital transformation; to build an efficient, unified and sustainable model of organization of national development spaces, and form dynamic zones, economic corridors, growth poles, and a basically complete and modern infrastructure network; to ensure the major balances and raise the resilience of the economy; to ensure energy security, food security and water security; to protect the ecological environment and adapt to climate change; to comprehensively develop human resources, and improve the people’s material and spiritual life; to maintain national defense and security; to raise Vietnam’s profile and prestige in the international arena;

b/ Specific objectives and targets

- Economically: To strive for an average GDP growth rate of about 7% per year in the 2021-2030 period. By 2030, per-capita GDP at current prices will reach about USD 7,500. The proportion of GDP of the service sector will be over 50%, the industry-construction sector, over 40%, and the agro-forestry-fisheries sector, below 10%. The average growth rate of social labor productivity will surpass 6.5% per year. The contribution of total factor productivity (TFP) to growth will surpass 50%.

To bring into full play advantages of every socio-economic region; to focus on developing 2 dynamic zones in the North and the South in association with 2 growth poles being Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, and the North-South economic corridor, the Lao Cai-Hanoi-Hai Phong-Quang Ninh economic corridor, and the Moc Bai-Ho Chi Minh City-Bien Hoa-Vung Tau economic corridor with synchronous and modern infrastructure and high growth rate, making great contributions to the national development.

To promote the network-based sustainable urban development; the urbanization rate will surpass 50%; to strive for the target that the country will have 3-5 cities of regional or international stature; to build a new-style countryside toward comprehensive and sustainable development in association with the urbanization; the proportion of communes meeting the new-style countryside standards will be over 90%, half of which will meet the advanced new-style countryside standards.

To vigorously develop digital and data infrastructure to serve as a foundation for national digital transformation and development of digital government, digital economy and digital society; the proportion of digital economy will reach around 30% of GDP.

- Socially: To maintain a stable replacement rate (2.1 children per woman of childbearing age); population will reach around 105 million. The HDI will remain at above 0.7. The average life expectancy will be 75 years, of which the healthy life expectancy will be at least 68 years. The ratio of agricultural workers to the total social workforce will fall to below 20%. To improve the quality of jobs and keep the unemployment rate at a reasonable level. The per-capita house floor area in urban centers will reach 32 m². The average area of greenery per urban inhabitant will be 8m²-10m². The ratio of land area for traffic to land area for urban construction will reach 16%-26%.

To develop Vietnam’s education to an advanced level in the region among top 10 countries with the best higher education systems in Asia. The rate of university students will surpass 260 per 10,000 people. The proportion of trained workers with degrees and certificates will reach 35%-40%.

To raise the quality of health services on par with that of the advanced countries in the region; to develop a network of national health establishments capable of meeting the requirements of health care, protection and improvement of the entire population, toward the goals of equity, quality, efficiency and international integration. By 2030, there will be 35 hospital beds and 19 medical doctors per 10,000 people; the proportion of private hospital beds to total hospital beds will reach 15%.

To build a healthy cultural environment in all fields of social life; to develop the network of national cultural institutions that can properly perform the tasks of conserving and promoting the values of national cultural identity, and promoting the development of cultural industry; to strive for the target that all provincial-level administrative units will have all 3 types of cultural institutions, including cultural centers or cultural-art centers, museums, and libraries.

- Environmentally: The forest coverage rate will be kept stable at 42%; to improve the forest quality and increase the area of protected areas; to protect and restore important natural ecosystems and improve the quality of biodiversity; the area of marine and coastal protected areas will reach 3%-5% of the natural area of the country’s maritime zones; the area of terrestrial protected areas will reach 3 million hectares.

The rate of municipal solid wastes collected and treated up to standards or technical regulations will reach 95%, of which the rate of wastes treated through circular economy models will reach about 50%; the rate of rural solid wastes collected and treated up to standards or technical regulations will reach 90%; the rate of municipal solid wastes treated by direct burial will be reduced to 10% of the total amount of collected wastes; the rate of recycled organic wastes will reach 100% in urban areas and 70% in rural areas. The rate of hazardous wastes collected, transported and treated up to standards or technical regulations will reach 98%, of which all hospital wastes will be treated. The rate of treated and reused wastewater discharged into the river basins will surpass 70%. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions in all sectors and fields so as to reach net-zero emissions by 2050.

- Regarding infrastructure development: To basically form the national infrastructure framework, including the North-South road axis (the eastern North-South expressway, some sections of the western North-South expressway, and coastal roads), important East-West roads, etc., striving to have around 5,000 km of expressways; to have more gateway seaports for international transshipment, major international airports, railways connected with major seaports, and urban railways; to strive to build a number of high-speed railway sections on the North-South railway; to develop energy infrastructure, information technology, large cities, and hydraulic-work infrastructure, thus facilitating the environmental protection, disaster prevention and control, and adaptation to climate change; to minimize logistics costs.

- Regarding national defense and security: To firmly protect national independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity; to ensure close and harmonious connection between economic, cultural and social development with national defense and security consolidation; to maintain an environment of peace and political stability, and ensure social order and safety.

4. Major tasks in the planning period

a/ To basically form the national infrastructure framework, focusing on transport infrastructure, urban infrastructure, rural infrastructure, energy infrastructure, digital infrastructure, cultural and social infrastructure, hydraulic-work infrastructure, and infrastructure facilities for environmental protection, disaster prevention and control, and adaptation to climate change;

b/ To accelerate the economic restructuring in association with the renewal of the growth model based on improved productivity, applied scientific and technological advances and innovation; to prioritize the development of a number of industries and fields with potential, advantages and large room for development in association with new development spaces;

c/ To develop important national dynamic zones and growth poles for leading the national development; to select a number of geographical areas, urban centers and regions with special advantages to build economic and financial centers and special administrative-economic units eligible for application of special and dominant institutions, mechanisms and policies with breakthroughs and high international competitiveness; at the same time, to adopt appropriate mechanisms and policies and mobilize resources to ensure social security and gradually develop ethnic minority and mountainous areas, border areas and islands, thus contributing to keeping political stability maintaining national defense and security;

d/ To form and develop economic corridors along the North-South axis, East-West economic corridors and coastal economic belts; to effectively connect seaports, airports, international border gates, major trade hubs, urban centers, economic centers and growth poles for effective connection with economic corridors of the region and the world; to develop industrial-urban-service belts in dynamic zones and large urban areas.

Article 3. Orientations for socio-economic space development

1. Zoning of socio-economic regions, orientations for development and linkage of regions

a/ Zoning of socio-economic regions

To organize the country’s development spaces into 6 socio-economic regions; to build regional organizational models and coordination mechanisms to realize intra-regional linkages and promote linkages among regions, and improve the resource use efficiency.

- The northern midland and mountainous region, including 14 provinces: Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Bac Giang, Phu Tho, Thai Nguyen, Bac Kan, Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Lai Chau, Son La, Dien Bien, and Hoa Binh.

- The Red River delta, including 11 provinces and centrally run cities: Hanoi, Hai Phong, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh, Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, Ninh Binh, and Quang Ninh.

- The North and South Central Coast, including 14 provinces and centrally run cities: Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan, and Binh Thuan.

- The Central Highlands, including 5 provinces: Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong, and Lam Dong.

- The Southeastern region, including 6 provinces and centrally run cities: Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, and Tay Ninh.

- The Mekong delta, including 13 provinces and centrally run cities: Can Tho, Long An, Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh, Vinh Long, An Giang, Dong Thap, Kien Giang, Hau Giang, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu, and Ca Mau.

b/ Orientations for development and linkage of regions

- For the northern midland and mountainous region: To strive for a gross regional domestic product (GRDP) growth rate of 8%-9% per year on average; to develop the region to be green, sustainable and inclusive; to focus on protecting natural forests, special-use forests and watershed protection forests, restoring forests in association with ensuring water security and sustainable forestry economic development, and improving the lives of forestry workers; to exploit and efficiently use mineral resources; to develop the processing, manufacturing and energy industries; and hi-tech, organic and specialty agriculture, increasing land areas under fruit trees and medicinal material plants; to develop the border-gate economy; to form tourism centers and tourism products bearing unique characteristics of the region.

To form and develop intra-regional and inter-regional economic corridors, connecting the region with major economic centers of the Red River delta; to build the Bac Giang-Thai Nguyen-Vinh Phuc-Phu Tho industrial ring into a driving force for promoting the growth of the whole region; to build expressways, roads connecting localities to expressways, border belt roads, and important national highways connecting localities in the region; to consider making investment in and upgrading of a number of airports in the region; to build railways from Lao Cai and Lang Son to Hanoi and Hai Phong.

- For the Red River delta: To strive for a GRDP growth rate of 9% per year on average; to build the region into a leading driving force for development which will play a guiding role in the process of restructuring the economy and renewing the country’s growth model; to concentrate on developing modern industrial production and service industries, such as: electronics, software manufacturing, artificial intelligence, automobile manufacturing, supporting industries; commercial, logistics, finance, banking, tourism and telecommunications services; high-quality training, and intensive healthcare; to develop the region into a modern service center of Southeast Asia; to bring into full play the role of the leading high-quality human resource training center of the country, focusing on building a number of spearhead training disciplines up to regional or international stature; to build innovation centers to lead scientific and technological development; to develop hi-tech agriculture, clean agriculture and organic agriculture serving urban areas; to develop satellite urban centers to reduce pressure in major cities; to ensure economical and efficient use of land resources; to ensure sustainable development of the marine economy toward green growth and conservation of biodiversity and marine ecosystems; to continue building the Hai Phong-Quang Ninh region into one of top modern and international-level marine economic centers in Southeast Asia; to develop Hanoi into a city of global connection on par with the capitals of the developed countries in the region and the world.

To develop intra-region and inter-region economic corridors for connection with the northern midland and mountainous region and the North-South economic corridor in the region; to develop the Gulf of Tonkin economic belt (Quang Ninh-Hai Phong-Thai Binh-Nam Dinh-Ninh Binh); to build expressways connecting Hanoi with localities inside and outside the region, coastal roads, ring roads 4 and 5 in the Hanoi Capital region; to consider building new railways connecting Hanoi with major seaports and international border gates; and the second airport for the Hanoi Capital region.

- For the North and South Central Coast: To strive for a GRDP growth rate of 7%-7.5% per year on average; to strongly develop the marine economy combined with assurance of national defense and security; to raise the efficiency of seaport systems, coastal economic zones and industrial parks; to develop petrochemical refining, metallurgy and mechanical engineering industries, agro-forestry-fisheries processing industries and renewable energy; to build logistics service centers; to develop sea-island tourism, ecotourism and cultural-historical tourism; to promote aquaculture, fishing, aquatic product processing, and develop fisheries logistics service centers and fisheries infrastructure facilities; to build disaster preparedness capacity and take the initiative in effectively responding to climate change; to build the Thanh Hoa-Nghe An-Ha Tinh coastal area into an industrial development center of the region and the whole country.

To build a complete and modern transport network in association with the formation of the North-South economic corridor through the region and the East-West corridors connecting major international border gates, urban centers and seaports; to build expressways connecting to the Central Highlands.

- For the Central Highlands: To strive for a GRDP growth rate of 7%-7.5% per year on average; to protect natural forests, special-use forests and watershed protection forests in association with water security assurance; to efficiently develop agricultural economy on an appropriate scale and in adaptation to climate change; to improve the efficiency of industrial crop development, increase land areas under fruit trees, medicinal material plants, vegetables and flowers; to develop forestry economy and improve the living conditions of forestry workers; to promote the development of agro-forestry processing industry and renewable energy; to ensure sustainable development of bauxite mining, alumina processing and aluminum production industries; to develop ecotourism, wellness tourism and cultural tourism in association with the conservation and promotion of cultural values and identities of ethnic groups in the region.

To develop an economic corridor connecting the Central Highlands with the Southeast region, and East-West corridors connecting the Central Highlands with the South Central Coast; to build an expressway network and upgrade the intra-region transport network, and roads connecting to localities in the Southeast region, Southern Laos and Northeast Cambodia. To consider building a railway through the Central Highlands.

- For the Southeastern region: To strive for a GRDP growth rate of 8%-8.5% per year on average; to build the region into a dynamic development one which will have a high economic growth rate and the highest motive force for growth in the whole country, serve as a science, technology and innovation center, a hi-tech industry, logistics and international financial center that is highly competitive in the region; and take the lead in renewing the growth model and carrying out digital transformation; to develop modern industrial-service-urban zones and hi-tech industrial parks; to build a number of large-scale information technology parks, form information technology industry dynamic zones, and attract investment in the manufacturing of electrical, electronic, Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence products; to strongly develop marine economy, seaport logistics services, oil and gas extraction and processing industry, oil and gas services, and marine tourism; to improve the efficiency of industrial crops, fruit trees and concentrated animal husbandry in association with product processing and branding, and intensify the application of high technologies; to lead the whole country in the fields of culture, social affairs, education, training and healthcare; to selectively develop a number of large higher-education institutions capable of training human resources for socio-economic development and reach the advanced level of those of the leading Asian countries; to develop cultural industry and high-quality entertainment service centers up to regional or international level; to basically solve environmental pollution, traffic congestion and waterlogging.

To create a driving force for linkage with spillover effect for promoting cooperation and development through the North-South economic corridor and the Central Highlands-Southeastern economic corridor; to develop the industrial-urban chain of Moc Bai-Ho Chi Minh City-Cai Mep Thi Vai port in association with the Trans-Asia economic corridor; to build expressways connecting Ho Chi Minh City with localities inside and outside the region, and ring roads 3 and 4 of Ho Chi Minh City; to build railways connecting urban centers with seaports and gateway international airports; to build and put into operation Long Thanh international airport.

- For the Mekong delta: To strive for a GRDP growth rate of 6.5%-7% per year on average; to develop the Mekong delta into a sustainable, dynamic and highly efficient agricultural economic center of the country, the region and the world; to focus on developing modern and large-scale commodity agricultural production associated with the processing industry and brand building; to restructure key products toward reducing rice and increasing fruits and aquatic products; to ensure more flexible and efficient use of agricultural land; to build a national innovative startup center for agriculture in the region; to develop green industry and renewable energies; to attach importance to developing agro-fishery product processing industries, agriculture-serving industries and supporting industries; to develop the Mekong delta into an international brand of agricultural and rural tourism, ecotourism and marine tourism; to proactively adapt to climate change and sea level rise; to build water reservoirs and consider applying measures and building works for retaining water in rivers, canals and ditches; to prevent and control landslides and saltwater intrusion; to protect mangrove forest ecosystems. In the North-South economic corridor, to focus on developing the Can Tho-Long An section into a dynamic economic-urban-industrial corridor of the region; to form and develop a number of East-West economic corridors; to intensify investment in infrastructure facilities connecting the region with Ho Chi Minh City and the Southeastern region; to invest in coastal roads running through the regional provinces; to develop infrastructure facilities of inland waterways and seaports and logistics infrastructure facilities; to upgrade main fairways, including maritime fairways for large tonnage ships.

2. Development of dynamic zones and national growth poles

a/ The northern dynamic zone

To develop the northern dynamic zone, including Hanoi city and district-level localities along national highway 5 and national highway 18 through Bac Ninh, Hung Yen, Hai Duong and Quang Ninh provinces and Hai Phong city, with Hanoi city acting as the growth pole. In the period after 2030, to continue expanding the scope of the dynamic zone.

To enable the northern dynamic zone to take the lead in the development of high-quality human resources, science, technology, innovation, digital economy and digital society; to promote its role as the national economic, cultural, education, training, healthcare, scientific, technological and innovation center; to develop a number of modern and high-quality service sectors; and processing and manufacturing industries with high technological content and high added value for deep participation in the global value chain; and a marine economic center for provision of ocean shipping and seaport services, and sea-island tourism and shipbuilding industry;

b/ The southern dynamic zone

To develop the southern dynamic zone, including Ho Chi Minh City and district-level geographical areas along national highway 22, national highway 13, national highway 1 and national highway 51 through Binh Duong, Dong Nai and Ba Ria-Vung Tau provinces, with Ho Chi Minh City acting as the growth pole. In the period after 2030, to continue expanding the scope of the dynamic zone.

To enable the southern dynamic zone to take the lead in the country and Southeast Asia in terms of economy, finance, trade, services, healthcare, education, training, high-quality human resource development, science, technology, innovation and digital transformation; to strongly develop an innovation ecosystem to take the lead in the renewal of the growth model, and build digital economy and digital society; to strongly develop financial, banking, science, technology and logistics services; to attract investment in hi-tech industries, software and artificial intelligence parks; to develop marine economic sectors such as logistics services, oil and gas exploitation and processing, and marine tourism;

c/ The central dynamic zone

To form and develop the central dynamic zone, including coastal areas (district-level geographical areas from the eastern North-South expressway seaward) in the provinces and centrally run cities of Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang, Quang Nam and Quang Ngai, with Da Nang city acting as the growth pole. In the period after 2030, to continue expanding the scope of the dynamic zone.

To continue forming and developing the coastal urban system,  marine tourism and ecotourism centers of regional or international level, national petrochemical refinery industry, automobile and mechanical auxiliary industry centers, and hi-tech parks; to develop seaports and seaport services, fisheries infrastructure and fisheries logistics service centers;

d/ The Mekong delta dynamic zone

To form and develop the Mekong delta dynamic zone, including Can Tho city and district-level geographical areas in An Giang, Kien Giang, Vinh Long and Dong Thap provinces in association with the areas connecting expressways (the Can Tho-Vinh Long section of the eastern North-South expressway, the An Huu-Cao Lanh expressway, and the Cao Lanh-Rach Soi section of the western North-South expressway), and Phu Quoc city, with Can Tho city acting as the growth pole. In the period after 2030, to continue expanding the scope of the dynamic zone associated with Tran De seaport, Soc Trang province.

To build the Mekong delta dynamic zone into an agriculture-serving service, tourism, logistics and industrial center; to develop agricultural product processing, mechanical and chemical industries to serve agriculture; to form major agricultural centers associated with intensive farming areas; to build the Mekong delta dynamic zone into a national center for agricultural science and technology and services; to develop marine economy, focusing on building Phu Quoc city (Kien Giang province) into an international-level service and marine ecotourism center connected with major economic centers in the region and the world;

dd/ To step by step build dynamic zones in the northern midland and mountainous region; the North Central region (Thanh Hoa, Nghe An and Ha Tinh provinces) connecting the Central Vietnam and the Red River delta; the Central Highlands; and the South Central Coast (Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan and vicinities).

3. Development of economic corridors

a/ Priority economic corridors in the period through 2030

- To develop the North-South economic corridor on the basis of the eastern North-South axis that will connect dynamic zones, major cities and economic centers, thus greatly contributing to the national socio-economic development and creating spillover effects to promote the development of the coast and the western region of the country, and will be connected with the Nanning-Singapore economic corridor; to formulate plans and arrange spaces for the development of urban centers, industrial parks and logistics centers linked with the North-South economic corridor in regional and provincial master plans.

- To develop the Lao Cai-Hanoi-Hai Phong-Quang Ninh economic corridor as the main connection axis of the northern dynamic zone that will connect the northern midland and mountainous region with major economic centers and seaports of the country and the Kunming-Lao Cai-Hanoi-Hai Phong-Quang Ninh economic corridor; to promote trade and investment cooperation between localities of Vietnam and the southwestern region of China.

- To develop the Moc Bai-Ho Chi Minh City-Bien Hoa-Vung Tau economic corridor in association with the Trans-Asia economic corridor, which will serve as a seaward gateway of the Southeastern region, promoting the economic development in the Southeastern region, the Mekong delta and the Central Highlands;

b/ Gradually forming and developing economic corridors in the long term

- To form an economic corridor along Ho Chi Minh Road and the western North-South expressway running through the Central Highlands and Southeastern region (the Central Highlands-Southeastern economic corridor) in order to facilitate the development and connectivity of regions in association with strengthening of national defense and security; to connect raw material areas under industrial crops with the processing industry, develop “the Central Highlands green road” as a tourism attraction, and increase the spillover effect of the central cities of the regions.

- To step by step form East-West economic corridors

The Dien Bien-Son La-Hoa Binh-Hanoi economic corridor, which will connect the Northwestern region with the Red River delta, aims at promoting the socio-economic development in the Northwestern region.

The Cau Treo-Vung Ang economic corridor, which will connect localities of Laos with seaports in Ha Tinh and Quang Binh provinces, aims at promoting the socio-economic development of North Central Coast provinces.

The Lao Bao-Dong Ha-Da Nang economic corridor, which will be associated with the East-West economic corridor of the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), connecting the southern localities of Myanmar, the Central region of Thailand, and Laos with the seaports in Central Vietnam, aimed at promoting trade exchange, tourism and investment between countries and development of localities in the North and South Central Coast.

The Bo Y-Pleiku-Quy Nhon economic corridor, which will be a seaward gateway of the Cambodia-Laos-Vietnam Development Triangle area, connecting the northern Central Highlands provinces with the South Central Coast provinces and seaports, aimed at promoting the socio-economic development in the Central Highlands and South Central Coast.

The Chau Doc-Can Tho-Soc Trang economic corridor, which will be connected with Tran De seaport to serve direct import and export activities for the region in the future, aimed at promoting the development of agriculture and agriculture-related industry, service and logistics hubs in the Mekong delta.

The Ha Tien-Rach Gia-Ca Mau economic corridor, which will be connected with the southern coastal corridor of the GMS in order to promote the socio-economic development in the western coast of the Mekong delta and the whole regions.

To consider building the Bo Y-Quang Nam-Da Nang economic corridor; the Buon Ma Thuot-Khanh Hoa economic corridor; and the economic corridor connecting the Southern Central Highlands (Dak Nong and Lam Dong provinces) with the South Central Coast (Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan provinces).

4. Territorial areas in need of conservation and areas restricted from development

a/ Territorial areas in need of conservation

- Strictly protected areas, and ecological restoration zones of protected areas.

- Natural heritages’ core areas recognized by international organizations.

- Level-I protected areas of national historical-cultural relics or special national historical-cultural relics.

- Watershed protection forests and watercourse protection forests of residential communities;

b/ Areas restricted from development

- Particularly important and highly important topographical areas prioritized for national defense tasks as specified in provincial master plans.

- Buffer zones of protected areas and natural heritages recognized by international organizations.

- Important biodiversity corridors and wetlands.

- Level-II protected areas of national historical-cultural relics or special national historical-cultural relics.

- Watercourse protection corridors.

- Protection forests other than watershed protection forests and watercourse protection forests of residential communities.

- Areas prone to landslides, floods or flash floods.

Article 4. Orientations for development of national urban and rural systems

1. Overall orientations for development of the urban system

To accelerate the urbanization in conformity with relevant master plans, and form the urban system, thereby creating an important driving force for fast and sustainable socio-economic development; to improve the quality of urban development in terms of economy, society, infrastructure, housing and quality of life of the people; to raise the economic competitiveness and integration of the urban system.

To develop a network-based sustainable urban system on the basis of rational distribution, ensuring synchronization, uniformity and balance among regions; to develop urban centers with integrated functions toward green and smart cities in adaptation to climate change, ensuring disaster and epidemic prevention and control; to ensure urban-rural connectivity; to plan and develop urban centers in association with transit-oriented development (TOD); to attach importance to operating underground spaces in large urban centers; to choose urban centers with special advantages to be built into economic, financial, commercial and service centers that are regionally or internationally competitive; to form and develop a number of smart urban centers and urban chains connected with the region and the world; to develop coastal and island urban systems toward sustainability and natural ecosystem protection; to attach importance to urban development on the basis of conservation and promotion of heritage and cultural-historical factors.

To build and develop Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and other centrally run cities into dynamic and innovative cities that will play a leading role and create a spillover effect for linking urban areas; and be fully competitive for regional and international integration, and play an important role in the urban network of Southeast Asia and Asia.

To prioritize the development of urban centers associated with economic corridors to become central urban centers suitable to functions of each region, promoting the spillover development; to develop satellite towns of the major cities, particularly Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.

To develop small- or medium-sized urban centers in a close relationship and shared functions with large urban centers, thereby gradually reducing the development gap among urban centers; to attach importance to developing small-sized and peri-urban cities to support rural development through urban-rural linkages; to develop specific urban models such as tourism cities, urban universities, innovation districts, border-gate cities, and island cities.

2. Orientations for distribution of large urban areas

a/ The Hanoi urban area: To build an urban system including Hanoi city and adjacent urban centers of surrounding provinces in the Red River delta and the northern midland and mountainous region in order to share functions in education, training, healthcare, science, technology, trade, services and tourism and restrict the excessive population concentration in the downtown Hanoi.

To focus on developing urban infrastructure facilities and synchronous and modern connection infrastructure facilities, including axial roads connecting Hanoi with major urban centers of the region, ring roads 4 and 5 of the Hanoi Capital region and urban railways and the eastern ring railway of Hanoi, promoting linkage and spillover socio-economic development of the whole northern region; to form industrial, urban and service belts along ring roads 4 and 5 of the Hanoi Capital region.

To develop Hanoi city into a smart, dynamic and innovative urban center, which will take the lead in science and technology; act as an international exchange center with high-quality education, training, healthcare, finance and banking services, and an important transport hub of the region and the world; to focus on building modern urban infrastructure facilities, particularly transport and water drainage infrastructure facilities, and put an end  as soon as possible to congestion and waterlogging; to accelerate the construction progress of urban railway projects; to build more bridges spanning the Red river and Duong river; to manage and exploit underground spaces in association with improved use efficiency of urban land areas.

To build cities under Hanoi city, and satellite towns with complete infrastructure facilities, urban utilities and services, and convenient transportation connected with the central city, reducing the load in the inner city and expanding the development spaces of Hanoi city;

b/ The Ho Chi Minh City urban area: To build an urban system including Ho Chi Minh City and urban centers of provinces in the Southeastern region and some localities in the Mekong delta in order to share functions in services, industry, education, training, healthcare, science and technology, and restricting excessive population concentration in the downtown Ho Chi Minh City.

To build roads connecting Ho Chi Minh City with major urban centers of the region, ring roads 3 and 4 and urban railways, railways connecting airports and international-gateway seaports, thereby promoting connectivity and spillover socio-economic development for the whole southern region; to form industrial-urban-service belts along ring roads 3 and 4; to develop Long Thanh international-gateway airport city.

To develop Ho Chi Minh City into a core city and the development center of the whole region with quick shifting to high-quality services, and become a competitive international financial center in the region; take the lead in hi-tech industry, science, technology, innovation, education, training and intensive health care, and act as an international trade center; to attach importance to exploiting underground spaces in association with efficient operation of urban land areas; to consider exploiting potential and advantages of Thu Duc and Can Gio areas so as to develop them into new growth drivers for Ho Chi Minh City;

c/ The Da Nang urban area: To build an urban system including Da Nang city and adjacent urban centers to become a center for startup, innovation, tourism, trade, finance, logistics, hi-tech industry and information technology; one of high-quality education, training and healthcare centers and science and technology centers of the country; and a center for organization of regional and international events; to develop Da Nang city into a growth pole and an important driving force for promoting the socio-economic development in the North and South Central Coast region and the Northern Central Highlands;

d/ The Can Tho urban area: To build an urban system with Can Tho city serving as the central urban center and adjacent urban center becoming trade, tourism, logistics, processing industry, hi-tech agriculture, education, training, intensive healthcare, science, technology, culture and sports centers of the whole region; to operate the traffic axis connecting Can Tho-My Thuan-Trung Luong-Ho Chi Minh City for urban development, creating a spillover effect for other areas in the region; to develop Can Tho city as a growth pole, thus promoting the development of the entire Mekong delta.

3. Orientations for rural development

To build new-style countryside areas toward comprehensive development, modernity, green, clean and beauty in association with the urbanization process which will have synchronous infrastructure facilities and social services almost equal to those of urban areas; to preserve and promote national cultural identities; to restructure the rural economy and organize rational production activities, continue expanding, and improving the effectiveness of, the One Commune, One Product (OCOP) program, thereby ensuring sustainable livelihood for the people; to strive for a stable rural society with improved people’s intellectual standards and maintained security and order.

To develop population distribution models suitable to each natural ecological region as well as cultural and ethnic characteristics and socio-economic conditions; to take the initiative in relocating and rearranging residential spots for areas highly prone to disasters and landslides.

For peri-urban areas, to promote urbanization, develop urban agriculture, gradually improve infrastructure facilities, and develop social services of quality almost equal to that of urban areas, and form green and ecological residential spots in rural areas; to gradually carry out urban development in rural areas.

For rural areas in the northern mountainous region, some areas in the Red River delta and other areas and regions, to develop concentrated residential spots of reasonable size linked to urban centers; to facilitate the construction of essential infrastructure facilities for rural areas in disadvantaged, ethnic minority and mountainous areas.

For rural areas in concentrated agricultural production zones in the Mekong delta and the Central Highlands region, to set orientations for development of rural residential areas associated with production areas, specialized cultivation areas, and processing-service clusters in harmony with urban areas to ensure the provision of basic services.

To comprehensively and sustainably develop ethnic minority and mountainous areas; to tap potential and effectively promote comparative advantages of the regions, protect the environment and living spaces of ethnic minority people; to narrow the gap in terms of development and income between ethnic minority areas and mountainous areas as compared to the country’s average level.

4. To continue reorganizing urban and rural administrative units, ensuring comprehensiveness, synchronization, conformity with master plans and development requirements, and meeting standards of administrative units under regulations.

Article 5. Orientations for marine spatial development

1. The marine spatial scope includes the coastal land, islands, archipelagos, and sea and airspace of Vietnam.

2. To build Vietnam into a strong and prosperous marine country, developing toward sustainability and prosperity while ensuring security and safety on the basis of bringing into full play the potential and advantages of the sea. To develop breakthroughs in marine economic sectors, especially marine tourism and services; maritime economy; oil and gas production and exploitation of other marine mineral resources; aquaculture and fishing; coastal industry; renewable energy and new marine industries.  To form multi-sector marine economic clusters in combination with building strong marine economic centers.

3.  To divide sea areas into zones with different functions in terms of protection, conservation, economic development, national defense and security, and management of use, including areas subject to exploitation ban, areas subject to conditional exploitation, areas encouraged for development of marine economic sectors; and areas requiring special protection regarding national defense and security, environmental protection, and ecosystem conservation.

4. Sea and coastal area-based orientations: To develop sea and coastal areas on the basis of bringing into full play the comparative advantages in terms of geographical location, natural conditions, cultural identities and diversity of the ecosystem; to harmonize conservation and development. To develop coastal road corridors and coastal urban chains and complete infrastructure facilities as grounds for development of marine economic activities.

a/ The Northern sea and coastal area (Quang Ninh - Ninh Binh): To continue to build the Hai Phong-Quang Ninh area into a marine economic center associated with Lach Huyen international port; to develop Quang Ninh into a national tourism center connected with major international tourist centers of the region and the world; to develop Hai Phong city to be a center of modern industries, logistics services and marine science and technology research and application. To develop a number of marine industries with advantages associated with coastal economic zones and industrial parks;

b/ The North and South Central Coast sea and coastal area (Thanh Hoa - Binh Thuan): To focus on strongly developing marine economy in combination with ensuring national defense and security at sea. To combine freshwater and marine aquaculture and fishing with processing industry and fisheries logistics services and infrastructure facilities, ensuring sustainability and high efficiency. To improve the efficiency of development of coastal economic zones. To continue to form and develop a system of coastal urban centers and marine tourism and ecotourism centers of regional or international level. To develop seaports and seaport services, especially specialized seaports associated with economic zones and industrial parks;

c/ The Southeastern sea and coastal area (Ba Ria Vung Tau - Ho Chi Minh City): To focus on developing Cai Mep-Thi Vai port to truly become an international transshipment port, associated with the trans-Asia economic corridor. To develop seaport logistics services, maritime safety assurance services, oil and gas production and processing industry, supporting industries and petroleum industry services. To build high-quality beach resorts;

d/ The Southwestern sea and coastal area (Tien Giang - Ca Mau - Kien Giang): To focus on building and developing Phu Quoc city into a strong international marine ecotourism and service center. To develop gas industry, gas processing, gas power, renewable energy, marine aquaculture and fishing, and fisheries logistics services and infrastructure facilities.

5. Orientations for islands and archipelagos

To step up economic development on islands in combination with ensuring national defense and security at sea, covering also islands of the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagos, in accordance with international law and the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

To develop fisheries logistics centers, fishing ports, seaports, storm shelters, and search and rescue centers on some islands. To concentrate on building infrastructure for a number of key inhabited islands, encouraging economic development activities, aquaculture, and offshore fishing, development of tourism, seaports, and fishing activities on islands, development of tourist routes connecting the islands with the mainland, and turning islands into solid strongholds for the protection of national sovereignty over sea and islands.

6. Sea reclamation activities must be conducted with natural elements and impacts of disasters and climate change taken into consideration, minimizing adverse impacts on the environment, ecosystems, biodiversity, aquatic resources, natural landscapes, and historical-cultural relics and scenic spots.

Article 6. Orientations for exploitation and use of the airspace

1. To manage and maintain the sovereignty over the airspace of Vietnam in accordance with Vietnam’s law and treaties to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a signatory. The exploitation and use of the airspace must ensure absolute safety, efficiency, and harmony between economic development and national defense and security assurance.

2. To effectively exploit and manage the Hanoi flight information region and Ho Chi Minh flight information region in accordance with law. To effectively exploit and optimize the organization of the airspace and flight modes for airports and aerodromes in operation, and airports and aerodromes expected to be upgraded, expanded and built in the planning period.

3. To manage the height of aviation obstacles in order to ensure absolute safety for all activities of exploiting and using the airspace of organizations and authorities in accordance with law; the approval of the height of construction works on the ground must ensure absolute safety for all flight operations and normal operation of the airspace management and protection zones and aeronautical radio stations in Vietnam in accordance with law.

Article 7. Orientations for development and spatial arrangement of important industries

1. To develop industries with high international competitiveness, capable of deeply participating in the global production networks and value chains, striving to attain the goal that by 2030, Vietnam will become a developing country with modern industry, and improving the autonomy of the economy. To concentrate on developing a number of basic industries to meet the economy’s demand for basic means of production, including energy industry, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, chemical, fertilizer, and material industries. To prioritize the development of digital, new, and hi-tech industries, especially electronics, semiconductor chip production, and biological industry. To attach importance to the development of information technology industry and processing and manufacturing industries in service of agriculture. To boost the development of supporting industries and strengthen linkages between Vietnamese enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises. To develop green industries, associated with the circular economy model, cleaner production, economical and efficient use of natural resources and energy; to develop eco-industrial parks and gradually reduce industrial parks, cottage industrial zones, and industrial production establishments posing a high risk of environmental pollution.

To arrange industrial space along the direction of being associated with urban systems and service centers so as to form economic corridors and dynamic zones. To expand the industrial development space to the west of the eastern North-South expressway and the midlands to reduce the pressure on land use in the deltas and mitigate the impact of climate change. To develop the mining and processing industries in association with raw material and natural resource zones; to expand cottage industrial zones in combination with development centers in rural areas. To arrange industrial parks and cottage industrial zones at a reasonable scale, focusing on specialized fields, and linking production with industrial services; to develop specialized industrial complexes in different fields. To form modern industrial-service-urban zones, ensuring the synchronous connection between industrial parks and systems of technical and social infrastructure works.

2. To develop the service sector for it to account for a large proportion of the economy with high quality, efficiency and competitiveness, and international integration capacity. To develop domestic trade toward modernity, civilization, and sustainability; to firmly develop international trade in sync with the development of industrialization, exploiting to the utmost the benefits from globalization. To focus on building brands for Vietnamese goods. To develop synchronous and modern trade infrastructure suitable to the characteristics and conditions of each region. To strongly develop e-commerce.

To build regional-level and world-class service, trade, financial and banking centers in big cities in association with the development of dynamic zones and economic corridors. To form large logistics centers associated with large seaports, airports and international border gates. To form areas serving as the dynamic for tourism development, national and regional tourism centers, and connecting corridors for tourism development so as to promote and spill tourism development across regions and in the whole country. To focus on  making investment in tourism infrastructure, prioritizing infrastructure of key national tourist areas; to effectively and sustainably exploit tourism resources; to develop attractive and competitive tourism products associated with developing tourism businesses whose brands are up to regional or international level; to focus on building heritage corridors and tourism products within heritage corridors.

3. To develop modern agriculture based on value chains and industrial clusters, associated with the processing industry and development of agricultural and rural tourism; to perform digital transformation and smart agricultural production in order to promote innovation of agricultural production and improve agricultural production efficiency. To develop a highly competitive agricultural economy to be among the leading groups in the region and the world; to develop commodity production areas, specialized organic farming areas, and concentrated disease-free animal husbandry areas with an appropriate scale and high efficiency based on advantages of areas, regions and localities; to firmly ensure national food security and adapt to climate change.

To arrange space for the development of agricultural production areas in association with transport and hydraulic-work infrastructure to improve integrated development efficiency and strengthen the link between production, circulation and sale of products. To develop the Mekong Delta region into a sustainable, dynamic and highly efficient agricultural economic center of the country, the region and the world; to develop key products in the direction of increasing the proportions of aquatic products and fruits and reducing the proportion of rice in a reasonable manner. In the Red River Delta, to develop agriculture to be highly efficient and organic, and serve urban areas in association with new-countryside building. To increase the area of ​​fruit trees, protect forests, and develop the forestry economy; to develop medicinal materials associated with the processing industry in the Central Highlands and the Northern midland and mountainous region. For coastal areas, to develop onshore aquaculture in combination with planting and protecting mangrove forests. To reorganize fishing activities in the direction of reducing nearshore fishing, promoting fishing in offshore and oceanic areas suitable to each sea area and the resilience of marine ecosystems; to rearrange the livelihoods of the fishing community toward freshwater and marine aquaculture, aquatic product processing, and tourism services.

Article 8. Orientations for development of national social infrastructure

1. To synchronously develop a network of higher education institutions to meet the requirements of providing high-quality human resources to serve the country’s sustainable development and meet diverse learning needs and socio-economic development requirements of each area, region and locality. To organize and rearrange education and training institutions in association with improving training quality. To develop key national higher education institutions; to upgrade and build a number of large general universities, universities, teachers’ universities, and medical universities into high-quality and prestigious training centers in the region and the world. To develop a number of urban universities. To encourage the development of private higher education institutions.

To develop the network of vocational education institutions in an open and flexible manner, creating opportunities for all people to access and benefit from vocational education services, ensuring training scale, structure and quality to meet requirements of the labor market and international integration. To build high-quality vocational training centers up to regional or international standard in conformity with development of priority occupations in major economic centers.

To improve the quality, expand and rationally arrange the network of early childhood education and general education institutions, meeting the social demand for access to educational services. To build a network of specialized educational institutions for people with disabilities and a system of centers to support the development of inclusive education, meeting the needs of people with disabilities to access and benefit from high-quality educational services. To develop and solidify boarding schools for ethnic minorities, continuing education institutions, and community learning centers in order to carry out illiteracy eradication and knowledge and skills fostering and updating to serve socio-economic development in areas with socio-economic difficulties and ethnic minority areas, ensuring equity in education.

To develop a system of national defense and security education centers with a scale suitable to the training tasks in each area in order to consolidate and build the all-people national defense, the all-people defense posture in association with the people’s security and the people’s security posture.

2. To build, upgrade, arrange, and allocate space for the network of medical establishments in a suitable manner, ensuring all people’s favorable access to high-quality medical and health care services. To build an equitable, high-quality and efficient healthcare system toward international integration, considering preventive medicine the key and grassroots healthcare the foundation; ensuring synchronization of, and balance between, specialized medicine and community medicine, combining traditional medicine with modern medicine, and military medicine with civil medicine. To develop pharmaceutical materials, pharmaceutical industry and medical equipment. To ensure that every region has a specialized medical examination and treatment establishment. To build a number of medical examination and treatment establishments on a regional or international level; to form and develop modern specialized medical centers. To build a national center for disease control; to build a number of national-level vaccine production technology research and transfer establishments. To develop regional testing centers that meet regional or international standards to meet the needs of testing, inspection, and calibration regarding drugs, cosmetics, food, and medical equipment.

3. To develop the network of national cultural establishments in association with the formation and development of cultural spaces so as to meet the people’s demand for cultural creativity and enjoyment and develop culture into a truly spiritual foundation of the society. To build national cultural establishments into strong and competitive brands capable of properly performing the task of conserving and promoting the value of national cultural identity and, at the same time, promoting the development of the country’s cultural industries. To build and upgrade national museums to be synchronous and modern. To renovate and upgrade national libraries, provincial public libraries, specialized libraries, university libraries, etc. To build and upgrade national performing arts establishments in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and a number of provinces and centrally run cities to be synchronous and modern, meeting the requirements of organizing national and international arts events. To invest in the development, embellishment and conservation of cultural heritages, especially those recognized by the UNESCO. To form a professional sports economy; to develop a synchronous and modern national network of physical training and sports facilities, with a number of facilities up to international standards. To develop community sports facilities.

4. To develop science and technology organizations both quantitatively and qualitatively. To build, and improve the operational efficiency of, the national innovation system and the innovation startup ecosystem; to strengthen the potential of the system of innovation centers and national, regional and local innovative startup centers to support and promote technology transfer and innovation activities. To form and develop the national innovation startup support centers in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Can Tho and other provinces and centrally run cities where conditions permit. To form innovation clusters on the basis of linking science and technology organizations with hi-tech parks, hi-tech agricultural parks, financial centers, venture capital funds, universities and research institutes.

To make focused investment to develop a number of public science and technology organizations up to advanced level in the region and the world. To review and streamline research and development organizations under ministries and sectors so as to overcome duplication and overlap of functions and tasks, suit priority orientations in science, technology and innovation, and serve national and sectoral socio-economic development. To consolidate and develop research organizations to serve the formulation of policies, strategies, master plans and plans for the development of provinces and centrally run cities. To make focused investment to form science and technology organizations that play the role of linking value chains, industrial clusters, and innovation and innovative startup ecosystems in different regions and localities. To develop science and technology organizations belonging to state-owned groups and corporations into intensive research institutes, providing leading technologies, creating competitive advantages, and serving national socio-economic development. To encourage large non-state economic groups and enterprises to form research and development units.

5. To reorganize, merge and consolidate press agencies of provinces and centrally run cities and of ministries and central sectors in the direction of convergence, multimedia and multi-platform. To form large publishing houses and arrange the publication distribution system in a rational manner.

6. To develop a network of social support facilities that are capable and large enough to meet the needs of groups of persons eligible for social protection for access to, and benefiting from, facility-based public social support services. To step by step modernize social support facilities, ensuring the provision of social support services up to national standards and step by step international standards.

7. To upgrade nursing homes for people with meritorious services. To research, test, and apply intensive specialized and technical measures that integrate nursing with health care and other social care services for people with meritorious services.

Article 9. Orientations for development of national technical infrastructure

1. To develop a synchronous transport infrastructure system on the basis of promoting the advantages of transport modes, ensuring connectivity to all areas of the country, minimizing logistics costs, and improving competitiveness of the economy; to pay due attention to the development of railway and inland waterway transport.

Orientations for spatial organization of the national transport system: To form the North-South national longitudinal axis corridors with all 5 modes of transport. For the Northern region, to form radial corridors connected with Hanoi and East-West corridors to connect the western mountainous region with seaports in the East. For the Central Vietnam, to form East-West axes connecting the western region with seaports in the East and linking with Laos and Cambodia. For the Southern region, to form corridors along the East-West and North-South axes, exploiting the advantages of inland waterway transport and large seaports and airports, and connecting international traffic. To form belt lines and radial axes linking Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City with neighboring provinces.

Orientations for development of various types of transport infrastructure:

- Roads: To complete the construction of the eastern North-South expressway and expressways connecting with major economic centers in association with dynamic regions such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, and Can Tho, connecting special seaports, international airports and international border gates with a large volume of imports and exports; and expressways associated with the formation of East-West economic corridors.

- Railways: To strive to build a number of North-South high-speed railway sections. To build regional railway routes and railway routes connecting to international gateway seaports in the Hai Phong - Quang Ninh and Ba Ria-Vung Tau areas and important international border gates; to prioritize the construction of the railway routes of Lao Cai-Hanoi-Hai Phong and Bien Hoa-Vung Tau. To invest in building key railway routes and urban railways in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. To research on building the railway routes connecting Ho Chi Minh City-Can Tho and connecting Long Thanh international airport.

- Seaports: To upgrade and build gateway seaports with international container transshipment functions in Lach Huyen (Hai Phong) and Cai Mep-Thi Vai (Ba Ria-Vung Tau). To build Can Gio international transshipment port (Ho Chi Minh City).

- Airports: To build Long Thanh international airport; to focus on expanding and upgrading Noi Bai and Tan Son Nhat international airports; to expand international airports associated with dynamic regions. To strive for the target that by 2030, 92-95% of the population can access to an airport within 100 km.

On the basis of regional and local socio-economic development orientations and needs, to research and propose the construction of specialized aerodromes associated with large-scale production areas and tourist centers; to take advantage of and quickly restore old aerodromes and military aerodromes for dual-purpose use.

- Inland waterways: To make investment in synchronous upgrading of main river routes serving the transportation of cargoes, containers, and special-use and large-volume goods by inland waterways in the Red River Delta and Mekong Delta. To prioritize investment in, and efficient exploitation of, the coastal waterway transport corridor from Quang Ninh to Kien Giang.

2. To develop energy infrastructure to meet the requirements of firmly ensuring national energy security and sufficient supply of stable, high-quality energy for socio-economic development.

To implement energy conversion in the direction of using green and clean fuel sources. To develop the renewable energy industry, and wind and solar power sources, especially those with energy storage systems, biomass power and other renewable energies; to increase the proportion of renewable energy in the total primary energy supply. To renovate and upgrade existing transmission grids and build a new inter-regional 500 kV transmission grid in sync with the development of power sources, ensuring conservation and efficiency. To research on energy connection with countries in Southeast Asia.

To strengthen basic oil and gas investigation activities. To step up oil and gas prospecting and exploration, field development and oil and gas production in order to increase oil and gas reserves and output in potential, deep-water and offshore areas associated with protection of national sovereignty at sea. To develop the gas industry; to research and invest in technical infrastructure for the import and sale of liquefied natural gas (LNG). To develop energy centers associated with petrochemical refinery complexes and, at the same time, increase the content of products processed from oil. To step up domestic coal mining on the basis of ensuring safety, efficiency, conservation and environmental friendliness; to expand search and exploration and improve the quality of assessment of reserves and natural resources.

3. To develop information and communication infrastructure to be synchronous and closely linked, thus forming a unified and modern whole on the basis of applying advanced digital technology, which will be capable of providing reliable information and communication services at reasonable prices; to ensure cyberinformation security; to meet the requirements of information technology application and digital transformation in building digital government, digital economy and digital society.

To develop a synchronous and modern postal network as one of the essential infrastructures of the nation and of the digital economy. To develop national Internet infrastructure, improve regional and international connectivity capacity, and turn Vietnam into one of the regional data centers. To build data centers associated with dynamic regions, growth poles, and economic corridors; to develop national data center clusters in the northern and southern regions. To shift investment in construction of the national backbone transmission system from focusing on development along the North-South axis to expanding development along the East-West axis, improving the backup capacity and load distribution for the national backbone network. To develop Vietnam’s VINASAT satellites.

To complete national-scale digital platforms for smooth operation to meet the requirements of digital government, digital economy and digital society. To continue to develop concentrated information technology parks and members of software park chains. To attract investment, strongly develop concentrated information technology parks in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Da Nang, Hai Phong, Can Tho and some regions with information technology industry strongly developed.

4. To develop hydraulic-work systems to ensure irrigation, drainage, water supply and drainage for agriculture, people’s livelihoods and economic activities, contributing to sustainable socio-economic development, environmental protection, disaster prevention and control, and adaptation to climate change.

To upgrade key works and main canal systems up to the design capacity of inter-provincial hydraulic-work systems. To work out solutions to regulate water sources on the mainstreams of rivers undergoing river bottom lowering, complicated developments concerning the river level and high risk of seawater intrusion.

To complete the construction and upgrading of key hydraulic-work works and reservoirs to ensure water security for production and people’s life, especially in the Central Highlands, the South Central region and the Mekong River Delta. To implement solutions to restore the flow and environment of polluted rivers, solve the situation of river water level lowering so as to ensure that hydraulic structures can actively supply water for production in the Red River Delta.

To build water source control works at large estuaries to actively control salinity, store and replenish fresh water to coastal areas to serve people’s livelihood, aquaculture and agricultural production. To build and consolidate the system of flood prevention and control and anti-inundation works to protect urban areas, especially big cities. To consolidate and upgrade the national sea dike system.

5. To develop a system of fishing ports and storm shelters for fishing vessels to meet the demand for fisheries logistics services, ensure food hygiene and safety, reduce post-harvest losses, and ensure safety for fishing vessels and fishermen; to improve the effectiveness of fisheries management, and increase international integration; to protect the marine environment and ecosystems, adapt to climate change and contribute to national defense and security assurance. To develop large fisheries centers in Hai Phong, Da Nang, Khanh Hoa, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, and Kien Giang.

6. To build a complete, synchronous and modern national network of hydrometeorological stations and natural resources and environment monitoring network in the direction of high automation, ensuring openness and information and data integration, connection and sharing capacity; to participate in the global hydrometeorological network.

To give priority to the development of hydrometeorological stations with many monitoring elements, climate change monitoring stations, and stations with the integrated function of natural resources and environment monitoring. To develop a national environmental monitoring network associated with affected areas such as inter-provincial river basins, key economic development areas, big lakes subject to strict requirements on protection of water sources, inter-regional and inter-provincial areas, watershed areas, areas with many big waste sources, marine areas, and areas with complex hydrological conditions. To prioritize the arrangement of modern and automated environmental hydrological monitoring stations at the headwaters of large transboundary rivers.

7. To develop the fire prevention and fighting infrastructure system to be synchronous and gradually modern in conformity with conditions of each region, meeting the requirements of ensuring safety for socio-economic development and people’s life.

8. To develop the national land border-gate system to meet the country’s socio-economic development requirements, in combination with national defense and security assurance, conformity with the economic and political situation and diplomatic relations with other countries, and association with development orientations for each region, economic belt or economic corridor. By 2030, all land border provinces will have border gates; and important border gates will have modern physical facilities to meet travel, trade and cooperation demands.  To develop border gate economy in association with the formation of border cities.

Article 10. Orientations for use of resources, environmental protection, natural disaster prevention and control and response to climate change

1. Orientations for use of resources

a/ Water resources: To take the initiative, prioritize and ensure water sources for use for domestic purposes in terms of both reserves and quality; to ensure water sources supplied to urban and rural areas, thus contributing to raising the rate of urban and rural residents using clean water for domestic purposes to 95%-100% and 65%, respectively, by 2030. To distribute and share water resources in a harmonious and rational manner among sectors and localities, prioritizing the use of water for domestic purposes and efficient use of water to bring about high economic value, assure minimum flows and achieve integrated economic, social and environmental effects in both the flood and dry seasons in river basins. To rationally exploit groundwater sources, prioritizing the use of groundwater for domestic purposes, ensuring that the water level and flow do not exceed the threshold limits while preventing and controlling subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation. To resolve contradictions of water exploitation and use between sectors and fields, especially between hydropower generation and irrigation, between downstream and upstream areas, and between localities in the river basins, and transnational contradictions in exploitation and use of water resources. To focus on efficiently exploiting and using water resources in the basins of the Red-Thai Binh, Vu Gia-Thu Bon, Ca, Dong Nai, Mekong and Ba rivers;

b/ Fisheries resources: To gradually reduce the scale of fishing practices to suit reserves of fisheries resources. To selectively exploit key aquatic species with high economic value and export value to raise income and stabilize livelihoods of fishermen. To change the structure of fishing methods in a rational manner based on sea areas and inland ecological areas. To shift from fishing practices that cause harms to resources and damage the environment and ecology to friendly practices that bring about high and sustainable economic efficiency. To reorganize fishing at sea areas and inland water areas towards rationally developing and combining sustainable fishing with protection and development of fisheries resources. To establish and effectively manage marine protected areas, fisheries resources protection areas and areas subject to a definite-term fishing ban at sea areas and the system of major rivers and lakes;

c/ Forest resources: To manage, protect, develop and sustainably use forest resources; to harmoniously combine economic development with environmental protection, biodiversity conservation and response to climate change. To arrange space and reserve land areas for forests to meet the requirements for protection of large rivers, important lakes and dams, lowlands, wetlands, and coastal areas prone to natural disasters and climate change; to maintain and expand the system of special-use forests; to stabilize and add land areas under production forests to supply materials for processing and export. To continue maintaining important raw-material zones for the exploitation and processing of forest products. To form hi-tech forestry zones in localities with potential and competitive advantages in forestry development;

d/ Mineral resources: To basically complete geological surveys and assessment of mineral potential on the mainland; and the survey and discovery of minerals in Vietnam’s sea areas and continental shelf. To survey and prospect industrial minerals, focusing on areas with high prospects, important minerals and minerals with large reserve potential to serve the development of the processing industry. For minerals for use as construction materials, to prioritize the prospect of mines and areas where exist minerals in construction material production zones or adjacent areas; areas that have favorable conditions or potential for exploitation, thus ensuring the efficiency and restricting adverse impacts on the environment.

To stop mineral exploitation at small and scattered mines and mines that cause great impacts on the environment and landscape in the areas. To focus on arranging to form mine clusters that are large enough to attract investment in prospecting, exploitation and intensive processing and application of advanced and modern technology and equipment.

To ensure the balance between immediate needs and long-term mineral reserves; to prioritize the use of minerals for developing large-scale and modern domestic industries; to export minerals on the basis of balancing of investment efficiency of mineral exploitation and processing; to reduce the export of crude minerals.

2. Orientations for environmental protection

To prevent increasing pollution and environmental degradation; to solve urgent environmental problems; to gradually improve and rehabilitate environmental quality; to protect, conserve and restore important natural ecosystems; to speed up the development of the circular economy, raise the integrated input-output efficiency of manufacturing processes. To protect the environment by integrating activities of environmental pollution management and control and setting up of environmental quality monitoring systems.

To prioritize the construction of inter-regional and inter-provincial modern and synchronous concentrated waste treatment zones, particularly hazardous waste treatment facilities. To remediate, upgrade and control unsanitary waste landfills and areas polluted or degraded by solid wastes to meet environmental protection requirements. To sort domestic solid wastes at source, step by step restrict direct burial of domestic solid wastes; to transform domestic solid waste landfills into domestic solid waste treatment facilities using modern technologies.

To invest in building and completing wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure of industrial parks, cottage industrial zones, urban zones, concentrated residential zones and craft villages on large river basins. To treat wastewater up to standards in all industrial parks, cottage industrial zones, industrial establishments and hospitals. To tighten the management of waste sources, improve the quality of the surface water environment, especially at polluted rivers and inter-provincial river sections. To build concentrated domestic wastewater collection and treatment systems associated with the remediation and rehabilitation of lakes, ponds, canals, ditches and creeks in large urban areas. To implement wastewater treatment projects, restore water quality in severely polluted river sections, canals, ditches and creeks.

To continue conserving and strictly protecting the system of nature reserves and core areas of natural heritages; to expand the system of, and form new terrestrial nature reserves and marine reserves; to expand the system of natural heritage sites recognized by international organizations. To zone off, build, protect and sustainably use biodiversity corridors. To conserve and strictly protect existing wetlands of international importance (Ramsar sites); to continue to raise the country’s total number of Ramsar sites; to zone off, protect and sustainably use important wetlands outside the reserves. To zone off, protect, sustainably use and form high-biodiversity areas and important ecological landscape areas. To determine water source protection corridors and zone off water source protection areas based on priority level.

3. Disaster prevention and control and climate change adaptation

To take the initiative in preventing and controlling disasters and adapting to climate change; to step by step build the nation capable of managing disaster risks and the community and society safe from disasters, facilitating sustainable socio-economic development and firmly maintaining security and national defense. To develop and multiply nature-, ecosystem- and community-based climate change adaptation models. To formulate and implement sectoral greenhouse gas emissions reduction plans.

To consolidate and upgrade disaster prevention and control works, focusing on consolidating, upgrading and improving the system of dikes, lakes and dams so as to take the initiative in preventing and controlling floods and storms. To add and upgrade water storage and drainage systems to prevent and control inundation caused by heavy rains, floods and tides, especially in large urban areas; water source control works to prevent and control drought and saltwater intrusion.

To build and consolidate river bank and coastal erosion prevention and control works in areas prone to complicated landslide which is likely to cause serious impacts on dikes, concentrated residential areas and important infrastructure facilities. To step up the planting of dike protection breakwater trees, headwater protection forests and coastal protection forests.

To improve natural disaster forecasting and warning capacity; to build and upgrade meteorological, hydrological, oceanographic and seismic monitoring stations. To upgrade communications systems to ensure uninterrupted transmission to localities and people nationwide and vessels operating at sea. To build flashflood and landslide early warning systems, take the initiative in relocating inhabitants in natural disaster-prone areas. To make maps on disaster risks to serve the arrangement of development activities and reduce impacts of disasters.

Article 11. Orientations for consolidation and intensification of national defense and assurance of national security

1. To consolidate and intensify the entire-people defense posture in association with the solid people’s security posture; to continue building the revolutionary, regular, elite and incrementally modernized People’s Army and Public Security that are strong in terms of political and ideological qualifications and organizational apparatus, are absolutely loyal to the Fatherland, Party, State and People, and meet task requirements in any circumstances. To actively and proactively formulate combat plans and schemes; to increase the level and combat readiness to firmly safeguard independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity and maintain political stability, national security, social order and safety.

2. To closely combine economic, cultural and social development with consolidation and intensification of national defense and security in each territorial region, in strategic areas, in border areas, at sea, on islands, and in key economic zones and industrial parks. To develop marine and coastal economy; to adjust, plan and build economic-defense zones in line with strategies and schemes on national defense and security, create the combined strength to maintain political and social stability, firmly safeguard national independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity; to protect the interests of the nation and people; to contribute to maintaining peace and stable environment for national development.

3. To build a synchronous system of civil defense works, be ready to effectively respond to traditional and non-traditional security challenges; to effectively ensure economic security in the context of socialist-oriented market economy and international economic integration. To build the “people-based posture” in association with building the solid entire-people defense and people’s security posture. To take the initiative in fighting and frustrating plots and activities that infringe upon the national security; to prevent and combat crimes and social evils; to determine to  reduce crimes and conditions and risks that give rises to crimes; to raise the effect and effectiveness of the state management of security and order.

Article 12. National orientations for land use

1. To determine land use targets in conformity with land use demands, avoiding wastefulness in land distribution and management. To efficiently use land resources to achieve socio-economic development goals and assure national defense and security in association with environmental protection and climate change adaptation.

2. To arrange land to meet the requirements of developing a synchronous infrastructure system, ensure the linkage of inter-sectoral, inter-regional development space, economic corridors and dynamic development regions of the country, thus creating breakthroughs to meet the nation’s development requirements, especially in transport, energy and digital infrastructure, and promote the connectivity with the region and the world. To prioritize land to meet incrementally increasing demand for land for use for education, healthcare, social affairs, culture, physical training, sports, land for social houses, and accommodations for industrial park workers. To ensure land use for national defense and security purposes.

3. To manage the area of 3.5 million hectares of rice cultivation land. To  permit the flexible change of plant and livestock structures in an appropriate rice cultivation land area but it is required to ensure that such change does not lead to changes in the nature and use conditions of rice cultivation land so that land can be used for rice cultivation when necessary. To strictly control the repurposing of rice cultivation land, particularly the repurposing of wet-rice land to non-agricultural land, together with ensuring the interests of rice growers and rice growing localities.

4. To strictly manage land under protection forests and special-use forests, maintain the area of, and restore, natural forests in association with biodiversity conservation and protection of landscapes and the ecological environment. To develop and improve the quality of planted forests, particularly large-timber forests.

5. To expand the area of industrial parks, mainly in dynamic regions, associated with economic corridors. To further expand urban land areas in combination with the urbanization process.

Article 13. Tentative list of nationally important projects and order of priority for implementation

1. The tentative list of nationally important projects for the 2021-2030 period with a vision toward 2050 is provided in the Appendix to this Resolution.

2. New projects of which investment policy is decided or approved by the National Assembly shall be added to the list concurrently with performance of procedures for investment policy decision or investment policy approval in accordance with law.  

Article 14. Solutions and resources for implementation of the Master Plan

1. Mobilizing investment funds

To continue restructuring the state budget, ensure a reasonable ratio of current expenditure to development investment expenditure toward gradually increasing development investment expenditure. To restructure public investment spending along the direction of making investment with focuses and key targets and avoiding thinned-out investment to raise the efficiency of the allocation and disbursement of public investment funds. To prioritize public investment funds for the network of large-scale inter-regional and inter-provincial infrastructure facilities linking national dynamic regions, economic corridors and regional and international traffic networks; to invest in projects that have high spillover effects, are capable of solving regional essential needs and bottlenecks, and bring high economic and social efficiency to the entire region. To promote the leading role of public investment in activating, mobilizing and attracting all social resources, particularly private resources, to make investment in the form of public-private partnership (PPP).

To speed up the divestment of state capital and equitization of state enterprises not on the List of state enterprises in which the State needs to hold capital or shares; to assign, contract and lease state enterprises, creating space for mobilizing non-state resources for investment in socio-economic development. To use proceeds from the equitization and divestment of state capital for investment in key infrastructure projects of national or local importance, To resolutely put an end to thinned-out investment and investment in non-core sectors and  fields through divestment to ensure that state enterprises will concentrate on their major business lines.

To complete policies on collection of state budget revenues from land, property and natural resources; to adopt appropriate mechanisms to exploit resources from land for socio-economic infrastructure development. To increase state budget revenues from the auction of land use rights and bidding of land-using projects under master plans and in urban development areas by the transit-oriented development (TOD) method for investment in building urban infrastructure.

To further speed up administrative reform, improve and raise the quality of investment and business environment, facilitating investment and business activities of all economic sectors, and ensuring fair, impartial and transparent competitiveness. To improve the legal framework and policies for the development of assorted capital markets, particularly the stock market and venture capital market, in order to mobilize medium- and long-term capital sources for investment, promote startups and innovation.

To vigorously renew policies to attract foreign investment and make comprehensive preparations of conditions such as infrastructure, institutions, human resources, etc. to raise the efficiency of foreign investment to realize development goals. To attract the world’s large enterprises with advanced technology, hi-tech and modern management systems and leading multinational corporations to invest in localities in dynamic regions and form industrial clusters, thereby creating great spillover effects and promoting the development of the domestic economic sector.

To effectively mobilize foreign loans with preferential and appropriate conditions and interest rates, focusing on a number of key fields; to prioritize investment in projects directly boosting growth in association with sustainable development and spillover effects such as those on climate change adaptation, clean energy, improvement of the environmental quality, culture, education, healthcare, science, technology and innovation.

2. Mechanisms and policies

To formulate and improve legal institutions associated with organization of strict and effective law enforcement, creating legal grounds for the implementation of the master plan.

To formulate mechanisms and policies for localities in national dynamic regions that have resources for building regional infrastructure as well as infrastructure facilities linking local development centers with the national infrastructure system.

To pay due attention to investment in mountainous areas and areas with special difficulties; to support and create conditions for ethnic minority groups to enjoy equal access to resources, development opportunities and enjoyment of the same basic social services.

To formulate specific mechanisms and policies on development of culture, education, training, healthcare and improvement of the quality of human resources; to create livelihoods and jobs, arrange and stabilize population in ethnic minority-inhabited areas, especially in border areas. To effectively implement socio-economic development programs and projects in ethnic minority-inhabited and mountainous areas and areas with special socio-economic difficulties. To step by step develop areas with difficulties based on the construction of infrastructure facilities linking such areas with economic corridors, and linking border areas with difficulties with the development of border gate economic zones. To improve cultural mechanisms and policies to meet cultural development requirements for culture to actually become the spiritual foundation of the society.

3. Science, technology and environment

To select and focus on supporting technology research, application and development for a number of key industries and fields. To raise the country’s scientific and technological potential and level so as to be able to follow new scientific research and technological development trends, prioritizing the development of highly applicable technologies, particularly digital technology, biology, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, automation, biomedical electronics, energy and environmental technology.

To intensify measures to manage, remediate and rehabilitate air, water and soil environment quality in large urban areas and river basin and at sea. To manage solid wastes with the focus on well managing domestic solid wastes and plastic wastes. To review and strictly control large waste sources; to intensify measures to prevent potential risks of environmental incidents; to take the initiative in monitoring subjects and projects that are likely to cause environmental pollution or  incidents. To enhance nature and biodiversity conservation.

To continue adopting investment incentives and policies and effectively exploiting hi-tech parks, hi-tech agricultural zones, information technology parks, and national innovation centers after advanced models in the world.

4. Human resources development

To develop human resources in a sustainable manner to ensure the overall harmonious balance with orientations for population distribution. To formulate breakthrough policies and solutions on human resources so as to rapidly increase the rate of workers with degrees and certificates. To formulate policies to support and build the capacity of institutions providing training in priority disciplines associated with application of advanced technologies and basic sciences for scientific and technological development; to mobilize domestic and international resources for training and retraining human resources.

To develop preferential policies to attract high-quality human resources for priority industries and localities in dynamic regions; to attract and effectively use overseas Vietnamese intelligence and resources. To renew policies to attract human resources, especially the scientific and technological staff to work for a long time and develop local human resources in areas with difficulties, especially ethnic minority-inhabited areas.

5. International cooperation

To promote cooperation with countries, territories, international organizations, financial institutions and donor agencies to mobilize financial resources for investment projects on building infrastructure facilities and technical assistance and capacity building projects to increase economic connectivity in and outside the ASEAN.

To effectively implement bilateral and multilateral agreements on infrastructure development, especially transport infrastructure, to facilitate cross-border transport of passengers and cargoes, inter-country transport, and multimodal transport within the framework of the ASEAN and the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) and with countries worldwide.

To actively and proactively cooperate with countries and territories worldwide in boosting economic, trade and investment relations, especially creating more favorable conditions for Vietnam’s exports to gain access to large important markets. To effectivelyy implement Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), especially new-generation FTAs, to which Vietnam is a contracting member, thus maximizing the benefits brought about by FTAs.

To actively and proactively participate in treaties, and bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms, promote international cooperation on water resources on the principle of respecting international law and interests of each related nation in the exploitation, use and management of transboundary water resources.

To actively and proactively participate in treaties and international agreements on climate change, take advantage of international support resources in responding to climate change.

Article 15. Organization of implementation of the Master Plan

1. The National Overall Master Plan for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision to 2050 (below referred to as the National Overall Master Plan) approved in this Resolution shall serve as the basis and ground for formulating the national marine space master plan, national land use master plan, national sectoral master plans, regional master plans, provincial master plans, master plans of special administrative-economic units, master plans of urban areas, and master plans of rural areas nationwide. The implementation of nationally important programs and projects must be conformable with practical requirements of national development and objectives and orientations outlined in this Resolution. The master plans in the system of national master plans that have been decided or approved by competent authorities in accordance with the Planning Law must be reviewed and adjusted appropriately to ensure the consistency with the National Overall Master Plan.

2. To assign the Government and the Prime Minister to perform the following tasks:

a/ To bear responsibility for the accuracy of data, documents, the system of diagrams, maps and databases in the dossier of the National Overall Master Plan to ensure the consistency with the contents of this Resolution;

b/ To organize the implementation of this Resolution in combination with the direction of the performance of socio-economic development tasks in accordance with law; to promulgate the Plan on implementation of the National Overall Master Plan to accomplish objectives and tasks outlined in the master plan; to evaluate the implementation results of the National Overall Master Plan in accordance with the Planning Law;

c/ To direct the publicization of the National Overall Master Plan in accordance with the planning law; to carry out the Plan on implementation of the National Overall Master Plan;

d/ To study and formulate mechanisms, policies and solutions to attract investment, secure financial resources, social security, national defense, public security, development human resources, science and technology, and environmental protection to accomplish the objectives, tasks and orientations outlined in the National Overall Master Plan;

dd/ To develop organizational models and establish mechanisms for regional coordination; to raise the effectiveness of regional coordination activities; to study the establishment of mechanisms for coordination among localities in resources-related activities;

e/ To establish the principle of prioritizing the use of marine space for sectors and fields in the national marine space master plans;

g/ To intensify the examination and inspection of the implementation of master plans; to strictly handle organizations and individuals violating the National Assembly-decided the National Overall Master Plan.

3. The National Assembly Standing Committee, Ethnic Council, National Assembly’s Committees, National Assembly deputies’ delegations and National Assembly deputies shall supervise the implementation of this Resolution.

4. The Vietnam Fatherland Front and its member organizations and other social organizations established under law shall, within the ambit of their assigned tasks and delegated powers, supervise, disseminate and mobilize the People to implement this Resolution.-

This Resolution was passed on January 9, 2023, by the XV^th National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, at its 2^nd extraordinary session.

Chairman of the National Assembly
VUONG DINH HUE

APPENDIX

tentatiVe list of NATIONALLY important projects during the 2021-2030 period, WITH A VISION TO 2050

(Promulgated together with the National Assembly’s Resolution No. 81/2023/QH15 of January 9, 2023)