THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT
_____ No. 06/2021/TT-BGTVT | THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
___________ Hanoi, April 06, 2021 |
CIRCULAR
On promulgation of the National technical regulation on the fifth level of gaseous pollutants emission for newly assembled, manufactured and imported automobiles
Pursuant to the Law on Road Traffic dated November 13, 2008;
Pursuant to the Law on Technical Regulations and Standards dated June 29, 2006;
Pursuant to the Law on Promulgation of Legal Documents dated June 03, 2008;
Pursuant to Decree No. 12/2017/ND-CP dated February 10, 2017, of the Government, defining the functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of Transport;
Pursuant to Decision No. 49/2011/QD-TTg dated September 1, 2011, of the Prime Minister, stipulating the roadmap for applying exhaust emission standards to newly manufactured, assembled and imported vehicles and two-wheeled motorbikes;
At the proposal of the Director General of the Vietnam Register and the Director of the Department of Environment;
The Minister of Transport hereby issues a Circular on promulgation of the National technical regulation on the fifth level of gaseous pollutants emission for newly assembled, manufactured and imported automobiles.
Article 1. To promulgate together with this Circular the National technical regulation on the fifth level of gaseous pollutants emission for newly assembled, manufactured and imported automobiles.
Number: QCVN 109:2021/BGTVT.
Article 2. This Circular takes from January 01, 2022. Facilities manufacturing and/or assembling automobiles; organizations and/or individuals importing automobiles, and concerned organizations and individuals are encouraged to apply this Circular before its effective date.
Article 3. Chief of the Ministry Office, Chief Inspector of the Ministry, Directors, Director General of Vietnam Register, heads of agencies and units under the Ministry of Transport and concerned organizations and individuals shall implement this Circular./.
| FOR THE MINISTER
THE DEPUTY PRMINE MINISTER
Le Dinh Tho |
THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
QCVN 109:2021/BGTVT
National technical regulation on the fifth level of gaseous pollutants emission for newly assembled, manufactured and imported automobiles
Hanoi - 2021
Foreword
QCVN 109:2021/BGTVT is drafted by the Vietnam Register, submitted for approval by the Department of Environment, appraised by the Ministry of Science and Technology and promulgated together with Circular No. ……../2021/TT-BGTVT dated …., 2021 by the Minister of Transport.
This Regulation is drafted based on:
- National standards: TCVN 6785:2015, TCVN 6567:2015, TCVN 6565:2006;
- Regulations of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE): ECE 83 - Rev. 04 and ECE 49 - Rev. 05;
- Directives of the European Parliament and of the Council: DIRECTIVE 2005/78/EC, DIRECTIVE 715/2007/EC and DIRECTIVE 2007/46/EC.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON THE FIFTH LEVEL OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS EMISSION FOR NEWLY ASSEMBLED, MANUFACTURED AND IMPORTED AUTOMOBILES
PART I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. Scope of regulation
This Regulation prescribes the emissions limits, tests and test methods, requirements for management and organization of testing of the fifth level of gaseous pollutants emission in technical and environmental safety inspection of newly assembled, manufactured and imported automobiles.
Automobiles specified in this Regulation include at those with least four wheels, classified into light reference mass automobiles and heavy reference mass automobiles, as specified at Points 4.1 and 4.2 Article 4 Part I of this Regulation.
Under QCVN 04:2009/BGTVT and QCVN 77:2014/BGTVT, three-wheeled automobiles with an unladen mass of more than 400 kg—which are classified as automobiles under TCVN 6211:2003—must pass exhaust emission testing.
The following automobiles are exempt from this regulation:
- Automobiles built and intended for off-road usage;
- Electric automobiles (which get power from electric motors).
2. Subjects of application
This Regulation applies to facilities manufacturing and assembling automobiles (hereinafter referred to as manufacturers), organizations and individuals importing automobiles (hereinafter referred to as importers), and agencies, organizations and individuals involved in testing and inspection of technical safety quality and environmental protection for vehicles (hereinafter referred to as vehicles ).
3. References
QCVN 04:2009/BGTVT: National technical regulation on emission of gaseous pollutants from assembly – manufactured motorcycles, mopeds and new imported motorcycles, mopeds;
QCVN 77:2014/BGTVT: National technical regulation on the third level of gaseous pollutant emission for new assembled, manufactured and imported two-wheeled motorcycles;
TCVN 6529:1999 (ISO 1176: 1990): Road vehicles - Masses - Vocabulary and codes;
TCVN 6211:2003 (ISO 3833:1977): Road vehicles - Types - Terms and definitions;
TCVN 6565:2006: Road vehicles - Emission of visible pollutants (smoke) from compression ignition engines - Requirements and test methods in type approval.
TCVN 9725:2013: Road vehicles - Measurement of the net power of internal combustion engines and the maximum 30 minutes power of electric drive trains - Requirements and test methods in type approval;
TCVN 6567:2015: Road vehicles - The of emission of pollutants emitted from compression ignition engines, positive - ignition engines fueled with liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas equipped for automobiles - Requirements and test method in type approval;
TCVN 6785:2015: Road vehicles - The emission of pollutants emitted from automobiles according to engines fuel requirements - Requirements and test methods in type approval;
4. Interpretation of terms
In this Regulation, the bellow terms shall be construed as follows:
4.1. Light reference mass vehicles include vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1 and N2 that have a reference mass of not more than 2,610 kg;
4.2. Heavy reference mass vehicles include vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1 and N2 that have a reference mass of more than 2,610 kg and all vehicles of categories M3 and N3;
4.3. Category M of Motor Vehicles mean vehicles used for passenger transportation with at least 04 wheels, including the categories from M1 to M3 as follows:
4.3.1. M1: vehicles with a driver's seat and no more than nine seats that are intended for passenger transportation;
4.3.2. M2: vehicles used to transport more than 9 people, including the driver; maximum mass not greater than 5,000 kg;
4.3.3. M3: vehicles used to transport more than 9 people, including the driver; maximum mass greater than 5,000 kg.
4.3.4. M2 and M3 vehicles may be classified into the following categories:
4.3.4.1. Vehicles carrying more than 22 people, excluding the driver, are classified into 3 classes:
4.3.4.1.1. Class I: vehicles with spaces for standing passengers to facilitate frequent passenger mobility.
4.3.4.1.2. Class II: vehicles designed primarily to carry seated passengers and is designed to allow the carriage of standing passengers in the aisle or in an area not more than the space for two double seats;
4.3.4.1.3. Class III: vehicles designed specifically to carry seated passengers.
4.3.4.2. Vehicles having a capacity not more than 22 passengers apart from the driver, shall be classified into two classes:
4.3.4.2.1. Class A: vehicles that are designed specifically to carry standing passengers;
4.3.4.2.1. Class B: vehicles that are not designed to carry standing passengers.
4.4. Category N of motor vehicles refers to vehicles used for cargo carriage, with at least 04 wheels, including categories from N1 to N3 as follows:
4.4.1. N1: vehicles designed for the cargo carriage with a maximum mass of not more than 3,500 kg;
4.4.2. N2: vehicles designed for the cargo carriage with a maximum mass of more than 3,500 kg but not more than 12,000 kg;
4.4.3. N3: vehicles designed for the cargo carriage with a maximum mass of more than 12.000 kg.
4.5. Incomplete vehicle refers to a semi-finished vehicle that can move on its own, with or without a cockpit, without a cargo container, without a passenger compartment, or without specialized equipment.
4.6. Mono-fuel gas vehicle refers to a vehicle that is designed primarily to run on one of the following fuels: natural gas (NG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), but may also have a gasoline fuel system for starting the vehicle only or emergencies. However, the fuel tank capacity must not exceed 15 liters.
4.7. Bi-fuel vehicle refers to a vehicle that can alternately use two types of fuel: gasoline and NG or gasoline and LPG.
4.8. Hybrid vehicles.
4.8.1. General definition of hybrid vehicles.
Hybrid vehicle (HV) refers to a vehicle with at least 02 different energy converters and 02 different energy storage systems (on the vehicle) to create movement for the vehicle.
4.8.2. Definition of hybrid electric vehicles
Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) refers to a vehicle that use two types of energy from the following two energy sources stored on the vehicle:
4.8.2.1. Fuel;
4.8.2.2. Electrical energy storage devices (battery, capacitor, etc.).
4.9. Flex fuel biodiesel vehicle refers to a flex fuel vehicle, which can run on diesel fuel or a mixture of diesel and biodiesel
4.10. Alternative fuel vehicle refers to a vehicle designed to run on at least one gaseous fuel at ambient temperature and pressure or on fuel that is not substantially derived from petroleum.
4.11. Flex fuel vehicle refers to a vehicle with a single fuel system that can run on different mixtures of two or more fuels.
4.12. Flex fuel ethanol vehicle refers to a flex fuel vehicle that can run on petrol or a blend of gasoline and ethanol up to 85% (E85).
4.13. Vehicles designed to fulfil specific social needs refers to the following M1 category diesel vehicles:
4.13.1. Specialized vehicles that have reference mass of more than 2,000 kg;
4.13.2. Vehicles that have a reference mass of more than 2,000 kg and are designed to carry 07 or more passengers (including the driver);
4.13.3. Vehicles that have a reference mass of more than 1,760 kg, and have a specially designed interior to accommodate the use of a wheelchair inside the vehicle.
4.14. Vehicle type refers to a type of vehicles which includes vehicles with the following basic characteristics:
4.14.1. Regarding vehicles with light reference mass:
4.14.1.1. The equivalent inertia mass shall be determined according to the reference mass (as specified at Point 4.16 Article 4 Part I of this Regulation);
4.14.1.2. The characteristics of the engine and vehicle are specified in Annex A attached to this Regulation.
4.14.2. Regarding heavy reference mass vehicles: the characteristics of the engine and vehicle are specified in Annex C attached to this Regulation.
4.15. Unladen mass refers to the mass of the vehicle complete with standard equipment and fuel (minimum 90% of fuel tank volume) in a ready-to-operate state; excluding driver, passengers, or cargos;
4.16. Reference mass - Rm equals to unladen mass of the vehicle plus 100 kg for emissions testing according to the regulations in Appendix Q attached to TCVN 6785:2015.
4.17. Maximum mass(1) refers the largest technically permissible mass prescribed by the manufacturer (this mass may be larger than the maximum mass set by the competent State agency).
Note:(1) This term is also known as Maximum design total mass and similarly specified in TCVN 6529:1999.
4.18. Level 5 refers to a standard for tests and limits for emissions of gaseous pollutants equivalent to Euro 5 that is specified in technical regulations on motor vehicle emission of the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) of the United Nations, applied to newly manufactured, assembled and imported motor vehicles.
4.19. Fuel requirement by the engine refers to the type of fuel normally used of the engine, including:
4.19.1. Petrol (unleaded petrol, petrol E5, petrol E10, etc.);
4.19.2. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG);
4.19.3. Natural gas (NG, biomethane, etc.);
4.19.4. Diesel (DO, B5, B7, etc.);
4.19.5. Ethanol (E85, E75, etc.);
4.19.6. Mixture of ethanol and petrol;
4.19.7. Mixture of biodiesel and diesel;
4.19.8. Hydrogen.
4.20. Gaseous pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) expressed equivalently as nitrogen dioxide (symbolized as NO2) and hydrogen carbon (HC), methane (CH4), hydrogen carbon does not include methane (NMHC) whose chemical formula is assumed to be:
4.20.1. For petrol: C1H1,89O0,016 (E5), C1H1.93O0.033 (E10);
4.20.2. For diesel: C1H1,86O0,005 (B5), C1H1.86O0.007 (B7);
4.20.3. For LPG: C1H2,525 or C1H2,61 for engine of heavy reference mass vehicles;
4.20.4. For NG: CH4 or C1H3,76 for engine of heavy reference mass vehicles;
4.20.5. For ethanol petrol (E85): C1H2,74O0,385 (E85), C1H2,61O0,329 (E75).
4.21. Particulate matters components removed from exhaust gases that have been diluted by filters at a maximum temperature of 325 K (52oC).
4.22. Smoke: suspended particles in the exhaust stream of a diesel engine that have the ability to absorb, reflect or refract light.
4.23. Tail emissions:
4.23.1. For positive-ignition engines: including emissions of gaseous pollutants (hereinafter referred to as gas ) and particulate matters (hereinafter referred to as matters - PM).
4.23.2. For compression-ignition engines: including smoke, emissions of gaseous pollutants and PM.
4.24. Evaporative emissions: HC gases that are lost when evaporating from the vehicle's fuel system, different from HC gases emitted at the tail of the exhaust pipe (hereinafter collectively referred to as emission ) according to 02 following forms:
4.24.1. Tank breathing losses: HC gas evaporates from the fuel tank due to temperature changes inside the tank (assumed chemical formula is C1H2,33).
4.24.2. Hot soak losses: HC gas evaporates from the fuel system of a parked vehicle after running for a period of time (assumed chemical formula is C1H2,20).
4.25. Engine crankcase refers to the spaces in or external to an engine connected to the oil sump by internal or external ducts through which gases and vapor can escape.
4.26. Cold start device refers to a device temporarily enriching the air - fuel mixture, assisting the engine to start.
4.27. Starting aid refers to a device assisting engine start up without enrichment of the air - fuel mixture of the engine, for example, glow plug, injection timing change, etc.
4.28. Engine capacity:
4.28.1. For reciprocating piston engines: Engine capacity is the nominal engine swept volume.
4.28.2. For rotary piston engines (Wankel): Engine capacity equal to twice the nominal swept volume of a combustion chamber per piston
4.29. Lambda (A): refers to excess air ratio.
4.30. Pollution control devices or anti-pollution device refers to those components of a vehicle with the function of controlling and/or limiting exhaust and evaporative emissions.
4.31. Exhaust aftertreatment system refers to a catalyst, particulate filter, deNOx system, combined deNOx-particulate filter or any other emission-reducing device that is installed downstream of the engine. This definition excludes exhaust gas recirculation.
4.32. Malfunction refers to any deterioration or failure, including electrical failures, of the emission control system, that would result in:
4.32.1. emissions more than the OBD threshold limits;
4.32.2. After-treatment systems that do not meet the prescribed performance range result in emissions of certain pollutants exceeding OBD threshold limits (if any).
All cases where the OBD system cannot meet the monitoring requirements in this Regulation are considered functional errors.
4.33. Malfunction indicator (MI) refers to a visible or audible indicator clearly informing the driver of the vehicle of a malfunction of any emission-related component connected to the OBD system, or the OBD system itself.
4.34. On-Board diagnostic (OBD) System refers to an on-board diagnostic system for emission control with the capability of identifying the likely area of malfunction by refers to of fault codes stored in computer memory.
4.35. Type I - Test: refers to a test for verifying the average exhaust emissions after a cold start.
4.36. Type II - Test: refers to a carbon monoxide emission test at idling speed.
4.37. Type III - Test: refers to a test for verifying emissions of crankcase gases.
4.38. Type IV - Test: refers to a test for determination of evaporative emissions from vehicles with positive-ignition engines.
4.39. Type V - Test: refers to a test for durability of anti-pollution devices.
4.40. On Board Diagnostics (OBD) test: refers to a test for functional aspects of the on-board diagnostic system.
4.41. European Stationary Cycle (ESC) test refers to a test cycle consisting of 13 steady state modes applied under TCVN 6567:2015.
4.42. European Load Response (ELR) test refers to a test cycle consisting of a sequence of load steps at constant engine speeds applied under TCVN 6567:2015.
4.43. European Transient test (ETC) test refers to a test cycle consisting of 1,800 second-by-second transient modes applied under TCVN 6567:2015.
4.44. Engine type refers to a category of engines not differing in such essential respects as engine characteristics as specified in Annex C attached to this Regulation.
4.45. Positive ignition (P.I.) engine refers to an engine working under the principles of the positive ignition process which is abbreviated as P.I engine (for example, petrol engine, etc.).
4.46. Compression ignition (P.I.) engine refers to an engine working under the principles of the compression-ignition process which is abbreviated as C.I engine (for example, diesel engine, etc.).
4.47. Gas engine refers to an engine fueled with NG or LPG.
4.48. Net power refers to the power in kW obtained on a test bench at the end of the crankshaft, which is measured in accordance with TCVN 9725: 2013.
4.49. Rated speed refers to the maximum full load speed that is allowed by the governor as specified by the manufacturer, or, if a governor is not present, the speed at which the maximum net power is attained from the engine, as specified by the manufacturer.
4.50. Percent load refers to the percentage between net torque and maximum net torque at a specified speed of the engine.
4.51. Declared maximum power refers to the maximum power in kW (net power) which is declared by the manufacturer in the application for approval.
4.52. Maximum torque speed refers to the engine speed at which the maximum torque is obtained from the engine, as specified by the manufacturer.
4.53. Engine speeds A, B and C refers to the test speeds within the engine operating speed range used for the ESC and ELR tests, as specified in Part II of Annex B - Appendix B1 attached to TCVN 6567:2015.
4.54. High speed nhigh refers to the highest engine speed where 70 % of the declared maximum power occurs.
4.55. Low speed nlow refers to the highest engine speed where 50 % of the declared maximum power occurs.
4.56. Reference speed nref refers to the speed used to calculate the relative speed values of the ETC test, this speed is determined as specified in Part II Annex B - Appendix B1 of TCVN 6567:2015.
4.57. Control area refers to the area between the engine speeds A and C and between 25 to 100 % load.
4.58. Periodically regenerating system refers to an anti-pollution device (catalytic converter, particle trap, etc.) that requires a periodic regeneration process of less than 4,000 km under normal operating conditions of a vehicle. During cycles where regeneration occurs, emissions may not meet standards. If regeneration of an anti-pollution device occurs during the performance of a type I test and also occurs during the vehicle preparation cycle, the system shall be considered a continuously regenerative system.
PART II. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1. General introduction
This part prescribes emissions limits and relevant technical requirements for different types of vehicles according to 03 TCVN 6785:2015, TCVN 6567:2015 and TCVN 6565:2006; Regulations of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE): ECE 83 - Rev. 04 and ECE 49 - Rev. 05; Directives of the European Parliament and of the Council: DIRECTIVE 2005/78/EC, DIRECTIVE 715/2007/EC and DIRECTIVE 2007/46/EC mentioned in Articles 2, 3 and 4 of this part.
2. Regarding light reference mass vehicles
2.1. General provisions
2.1.1. Vehicles that apply this Regulation include positive ignition engine- or compression ignition engine-powered vehicles (including hybrid electric vehicles) classified in Articles 4.3 to 4.13 Article 4 Part I of this Regulation, running on a separate fuel type or in combination with another fuel.
2.1.2. Tests carried out on light reference mass vehicles are specified in Articles 3.3.1 and 3.2 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation.
2.2. Regarding type I tests
When being tested in the Type I test specified at Point 3.2.1 Article 3 of this Regulation, the average mass of CO, THC, NMHC, NOx and PM from positive ignition engine-powered vehicles (fueled with petrol, LPG or NG); of CO, THC + NOx, NOX and PM emitted by compression ignition engine-powered vehicles fueled with diesel fuel must not exceed the limits mentioned in Tables 1 and 2 below.
Table 1. Emissions limit values for positive ignition engine-powered vehicles - level 5
Category | Reference mass, Rm (kg) | CO | THC | NMHC | NOx | PM(1)(2) |
(g/km) | (g/km) | (g/km) | (g/km) | (g/km) |
M1, M2 | All | 1.00 | 0.1 | 0,068 | 0.06 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
N1 | Class I | Rm ≤ 1305 | 1.00 | 0.1 | 0,068 | 0.06 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
Class II | 1.305 < Rm ≤ 1.760 | 1.81 | 0.13 | 0,090 | 0.075 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
Class III | 1.760 < Rm | 2.27 | 0.16 | 0.108 | 0.082 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
N2 | All | 2.27 | 0.16 | 0.108 | 0.082 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
Notes:
(1) applied only to vehicles with direct injection engines;
(2) The previous value corresponds to the method of weighing particles with an electronic scale but observing the results with the naked eye. The following value corresponds to the automatic grain weighing method through a weighing device and particulate measurement program (PMP).
Table 2. Emissions limit values for compression ignition engine-powered vehicles - level 5
Category | Reference mass, Rm (kg) | CO | THC + NOx | NOx | PM(1) |
(g/km) | (g/km) | (g/km) | (g/km) |
M1, M2 | All | 0.5 | 0.23 | 0.18 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
N1 | Class I | Rm ≤ 1305 | 0.5 | 0.23 | 0.18 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
Class II | 1.305 < Rm ≤ 1.760 | 0.63 | 0.295 | 0.235 | 0,005/ 0.0045 |
Class III | 1.760 < Rm | 0.74 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
N2 | All | 0.74 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.005/ 0.0045 |
(1) The previous value corresponds to the method of weighing particles with an electronic scale but observing the results with the naked eye. The following value corresponds to the automatic grain weighing method through a weighing device and particulate measurement program (PMP).
2.3. Type II test: When being tested in the Type II test specified at Point 3.2.2 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation, the maximum CO content shall be specified as follows:
2.3.1. At normal engine idling speed, the maximum permissible CO content in the exhaust gases be according to the value announced by the vehicle manufacturer. However, the maximum CO content must not exceed 0.3 % volume.
2.3.2. At high idle speed (≥ 2,000 r/min), the CO content of the exhaust gas from the engine must not exceed 0.2% volume, under the condition that the Lambda value must be within the range of 01 ± 0.03 or according to data provided by the manufacturer.
2.4. Type III test: When being tested in the Type III test specified at Point 3.2.3 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation, the engine's crankcase ventilation system shall not permit the emission of any of the crankcase gases into the atmosphere.
2.5. Type IV test: When being tested in the Type IV test specified at Point 3.2.4 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation, the evaporative emissions shall be less than 2 g/test.
2.6. For type V test: this test shall comply with the provisions of Point 3.2.5 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation. A manufacturer may choose to have the deterioration factors from the following table used as an alternative to testing:
Table 3 - Level 5 deterioration factors
Engine category | Deterioration factors |
CO | THC | NMHC | NOx | HC +NOx | PM |
Positive-ignition | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | – | 1.0 |
(ii) Compression-ignition | 1.5 | – | – | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
2.7. OBD test
2.7.1. The vehicle must be equipped with an OBD system that meets the following requirement:
2.7.1.1. There is a malfunction indicator (MI);
2.7.1.2. Having error control for sensors related to emissions if installed on the vehicle such as:
2.7.1.2.1. Sensors relating to emission treatment units: catalyst; NOx reduction system or particulate traps for diesel vehicles;
2.7.1.2.2. Oxygen, NOx, temperature, coolant pressure, lubricant, fuel and intake air sensors;
2.7.1.3. Having controlled ignition features (positive ignition engine-powered vehicles);
2.7.1.4. Controlling the operating and inactive status of EGR (if any);
2.7.1.5. Having ability to control over the operating and inoperative status of the auxiliary air injector (if any);
2.7.1.6. Having ability to record and erase fault codes.
2.7.2. The test shall comply with the provisions of Point 3.2.6 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation.
2.8. Smoke test
When checking the light absorption coefficient of exhaust gases from a car running on the vehicle test bench in the test mentioned in Point 3.2.7, Article 3, Part III of this Regulation, the vehicle must comply with the requirements stated in Article 12, Part III of TCVN 6565:2006.
2.9. Other requirements:
2.9.1. Apart from the aforesaid requirements concerning emissions limit, light reference mass vehicles shall satisfy other relevant technical requirements for exhaust and evaporative emissions specified in Articles 6.1.1 to 6.1.3 of TCVN 6785:2015.
2.9.2. Vehicles of category M1 using a reagent for the exhaust treatment system must comply with the requirements specified in Annex K attached to this Regulation.
3. Regarding heavy reference mass vehicles
3.1. General provisions
3.1.1. Heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with a petrol or bi-fuel engine must carry out the Type II and Type III tests according to the requirements set out in Articles 2.3 and 2.4 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation.
3.1.2. Tests carried out on heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with gas fueled compression ignition and positive ignition engines are specified in Articles 3.1.2 and 3.3 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation.
3.2. ESC, ELR and ETC tests
3.2.1. When being tested in the Type I test specified at Point 3.3.2 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation, the average mass of CO, HC, NOx and PM from engine must not exceed the limits mentioned in Tables 4 and 5 below.
Table 4. Emissions limit values of each gaseous pollutant and particulate for ESC and ELR tests
ESC | ELR |
Mass (g/kWh) | Smoke (m-1) |
CO | HC | NOx | PM |
1.5 | 0.46 | 2.0 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
3.2.2. The specific mass of the oxides of nitrogen measured at the random check points within the control area of the ESC test must not greater than the largest of the following two values:
3.2.2.1. Interpolated value from adjacent test modes x 1.1 (see point 5.6, Part II, Annex B - Appendix B1, TCVN 6567:2015);
3.2.2.2. The NOx limit value is stated in Table 4, point 3.2, Article 3, Part II of this Regulation.
3.2.3. The opacity value (light absorption coefficient) at the random test speed of the ELR test must not be greater than the highest opacity value of the two values at two adjacent test speeds by 20% or 5% of the limit value, the larger value shall be selected.
Table 5. Emissions limit values of each gaseous pollutant and particulate for level 5 ETC test
Mass (g/kWh) |
CO | NMHC | CH4(1) | NOx | PM(2) |
4.0 | 0.55 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 0.03 |
Notes:
(1) For NG engines only;
(2) Not apply to gas fueled engines.
3.2.4. A manufacturer may choose to measure the mass of Total Hydrocarbons (THC) on the ETC test instead of measuring the mass of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC). In this case, the limit for the mass of THC is equal that shown in Table 5 for the mass of NMHC.
3.3. OBD test
3.3.1. A vehicle or engine must be equipped with an OBD system that meets the following requirements:
3.3.1.1. Having a malfunction indicator (MI);
3.3.1.2. Having ability to control emission-related sensor faults if fitted to the vehicle, such as:
3.3.1.2.1. Sensors involved in emission treatment units: catalyst; NOx reduction system or particulate traps for diesel vehicles;
3.3.1.2.2. Oxygen, NOx, temperature, coolant pressure, lubricant, fuel and intake air sensors;
3.3.1.3. Having ability to detect misfires (positive ignition engine-powered vehicles);
3.3.1.4. Having ability to control status (active/not active) of EGR (if any);
3.3.1.5. Having ability to control status (active/not active) of the secondary air system (if any);
3.3.1.6. Having ability to record and erase fault codes.
3.3.2. The test shall comply with the provisions of Point 3.3.3 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation.
3.4. Smoke test
When checking the light absorption coefficient of exhaust gas (characteristic of smoke level) in the test mentioned in point 3.3.4 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation, the light absorption coefficient measurement result must not be greater than the Limit values are specified in Table 6 below:
Table 6. Limit values of light absorption coefficient applicable for the test at different steady speeds over the full load curve
Nominal flow (G) (l/s) | Light absorption coefficient (K) (m -1) |
42 | 2.260 |
45 | 2.190 |
50 | 2.080 |
55 | 1.985 |
60 | 1.900 |
65 | 1.840 |
70 | 1.775 |
75 | 1.720 |
80 | 1.665 |
85 | 1.620 | |
90 | 1.575 | |
95 | 1.535 | |
100 | 1.495 | |
105 | 1.465 | |
110 | 1.425 | |
115 | 1.395 | |
120 | 1.370 | |
125 | 1.345 | |
130 | 1.320 | |
135 | 1.300 | |
140 | 1.270 | |
145 | 1.250 | |
150 | 1.225 | |
155 | 1.205 | |
160 | 1.190 | |
165 | 1.170 | |
170 | 1.155 | |
175 | 1.140 | |
180 | 1.125 | |
185 | 1.110 | |
190 | 1.095 | |
195 | 1.080 | |
200 | 1.065 | |
Notes: - The test findings are not always accurate to 0.01 or 0.005, even when the limit values in Table 6 are rounded to those values; - The determination of the nominal flow is specified in Annex C attached to TCVN 6565:2006. | |
| | | | |
3.5. The manufacturer must ensure that the installation of an engine during manufacture meeting the following requirements:
3.5.1. Not increasing the value of charge pressure, exhaust back pressure and power absorbed by the engine-driven equipment as specified in the essential characteristics specified in Annex C attached to this Regulation.
3.5.2. Conforming to the requirements specified in Articles 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 Part I of TCVN 6565:2006 and requirements for installation of engines subject to the opacity test during manufacture and assembly as specified in Part II of TCVN 6565:2006.
4. Requirements for Engine Electronic Control Unit (EECU)
4.1. Having an EECU identification number;
4.2. Having instructions and methods for reading data from the EECU.
PART III. MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
1. Methods of testing gaseous pollutants from new assembled, manufactured and imported vehicles
New assembled, manufactured and imported vehicles shall be subject to exhaust emission tests according to applicable regulations laid down by the Minister of Transport on inspection of technical and environmental safety during manufacture, assembly and import of vehicles.
2. Application for approval and test samples
2.1. Essential characteristics of vehicles and engines
2.1.1. For light reference mass vehicles: see Annex A attached to this Regulation. In case of positive ignition engine-powered vehicles, specify that the requirements in Point 6.1.2.1 or 6.1.2.2 of TCVN 6785:2015 are applied; if the requirements in 6.1.2.2 are applied, a drawing of the symbol shall be accompanied.
2.1.2. For heavy reference mass vehicles: see Annex C attached to this Regulation.
2.1.3. For vehicles or engines applying TCVN 6567:2006 to carry out a smoke test: See Annex DD attached to this Regulation.
2.2. Test samples
2.2.1. Test samples must conform to prevailing regulations on inspection of technical and environmental safety of assembled, manufactured and newly imported (unused) vehicles laid down by the Minister of Transport.
2.2.2. For heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with gas fueled compression ignition and positive ignition engines: the test sample is engine.
2.2.3. The vehicle or engine shall be in good mechanical condition and have been run in before the test. The applicant for the test may decide on the distance over which the vehicle is run in (or running-in time for the engine) as recommended by the manufacturer.
2.2.4. For exhaust and opacity tests on engine samples, at the request of the test facility, the manufacturer or importer shall provide auxiliaries and supplies necessary for the installation of sample engines on the test equipment to ensure the tests are carried out in accordance with requirements of TCVN 6567:2015, TCVN 6565:2006 and technical characteristics of the engines.
3. Tests
3.1. Application of tests
3.1.1. For light reference mass vehicles: specified in Table 7 below.
3.1.1.1. Positive ignition engine-powered vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles equipped with a positive-ignition engine shall be subject to the following tests:
Type I test (Verifying the average exhaust emissions after a cold start);
Type II test (Carbon monoxide emission test at idling speed);
Type III test (emission of crankcase gases);
Type IV test (evaporation emissions);
Type V test (durability of anti-pollution devices);
OBD test (verifying functional aspects of the on-board diagnostic system).
3.1.1.2. Positive ignition engine-powered vehicle and hybrid electric vehicles equipped with positive-ignition engine fueled with LPG or NG (mono or bi-fuel) shall be subject to the following tests:
Type I test (Verifying the average exhaust emissions after a cold start);
Type II test (Carbon monoxide emission test at idling speed);
Type IV test (evaporation emissions);
Type V test (durability of anti-pollution devices);
OBD test (verifying functional aspects of the on-board diagnostic system).
3.1.1.3. Compression ignition engine-powered vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles equipped with a compression ignition engine shall be subject to the following tests:
Type I test (Verifying the average exhaust emissions after a cold start);
Type V test (durability of anti-pollution devices);
OBD test (verifying functional aspects of the on-board diagnostic system).
Smoke (except for hybrids)
Note: The aforesaid bi fuel vehicles and mono fuel vehicles are those specified in Articles 4.6 and 4.7 Article 4 Part I of this Regulation.
Table 7. Application of test requirements for type approval and extensions for light reference mass vehicles
Standards and tests | Vehicles with positive ignition engines including hybrids | Vehicles with C.I. engines including hybrids |
TCVN 6785 | Mono fuel | Bi fuel(1) | Flex fuel | Flex fuel | Mono fuel |
Reference fuel | Petrol(2) | LPG | NG/ Biomethane | Hydro | Petrol(2) and LPG | Petrol(2) and NG/Biomethane | Petrol(2) and Hydrogen | Petrol(2) and Ethanol(2) | Diesel(2) and biodiesel | Diesel(2) |
Gaseous pollutants Type I test | X | X | X | – | X (both fuels) | X (both fuels) | X (petrol only) | X (both fuels) | X (diesel only) | X |
Particulates Type I test | X (direct injection) | – | – | – | X (direct injection) (petrol only) | X (direct injection) (petrol only) | X (direct injection) (petrol only) | X (direct injection) (both fuels) | X (diesel only) | X |
Idle emissions Type II test | X | X | X | – | X (both fuels) | X (both fuels) | X (petrol only) | X (both fuels) | – | – |
Crankcase emissions Type III test | X | X | X | – | X (petrol only) | X (petrol only) | X (petrol only) | X (petrol) | – | – |
Evaporative emissions Type IV test | X | – | – | – | X (petrol only) | X (petrol only) | X (petrol only) | X (petrol only) | – | – |
Durability Type V test | X | X | X | – | X (petrol only) | X (petrol only) | X (petrol only) | X (petrol) | X (diesel only) | X |
On-board diagnostics | X | X | X | – | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Opacity test TCVN 6565 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X (exept Hybrid) | X (except Hybrid) |
(1) When a bi fuel vehicle is combined with a flex fuel vehicle, both test requirements are applicable.
(2) Technical requirements for these fuels are specified in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation.
Note: For Type I test, if M1, M2, N1 and N2 vehicles fueled with diesel has a reference mass not more than 2,840 kg and meet the conditions for extension to type approvals set out in Article 7 Part III of this Regulation, Type I test under TCVN 6785 on corresponding M1, M2, N1 and N2 vehicles shall be applicable.
3.1.2. Heavy reference mass vehicles
3.1.2.1. Heavy reference mass vehicles with positive ignition engines
3.1.2.1.1. Vehicles fueled with petrol or bi fuel engine shall be subject to Type II, Type III and OBD tests mentioned in Articles 3.2.2, 3.2.3 and 3.2.6 Article 3 Part II of this Regulation.
3.1.2.1.2. Vehicles fueled with LPG or NG only shall be subject to ETC and OBD tests mentioned in Articles 3.3.2 and 3.3.3 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation and shall not be subject to particulate mass emission test.
3.1.2.2. Heavy reference mass vehicles with compression ignition engines
These vehicles shall be subject to ESC, ELR and ETC tests under TCVN 6567:2015 specified at Point 3.3.2 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation; OBD test specified at Point 3.3.3 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation and opacity test under TCVN 6565:2006 specified at Point 3.3.4 Article 3 Part III of this Regulation.
3.1.2.3. Extension of approvals for M1, N1, M2 and N2 that have a reference mass of not more than 2,840 kg
3.1.2.3.1. If these vehicles conform to the requirements specified in Article 7 Part III of this Regulation for extension to type approvals, at the manufacturer’s or importer’s request, results from type I test (TCVN 6785) for M1, M2, N1 and N2 vehicles may be used as an alternative to ESC, ELR and ETC tests according to TCVN 6567:2015.
3.1.2.3.1. Vehicles that are fueled with LPG or NG shall be tested for variation in the composition of LPG or NG, as specified in Annex L attached to TCVN 6785:2015. Bi-fuel vehicles shall be tested on both the fuels for variation in the composition of LPG or NG as specified in Annex L attached to TCVN 6785:2015. However, for mono-fuel vehicles, only type I test using gaseous fuels shall be carried out.
3.1.2.4. Pollutants must be tested for and tests must be carried out on each engine and fuel mentioned in Table 8 below.
Table 8. Application of tests under respective standards to vehicles
| Positive ignition engine | Compression ignition engine |
Petrol or bi fuel | NG | LPG | Diesel | Ethanol |
Gaseous pollutants | X(1) | X | X | X | X |
PM | - | - | - | X | X |
Smoke | - | - | - | X | X |
On-board diagnostics | X | X | X | X | X |
Note:
(1) only Type II and Type III tests carried out.
X: Applicable.
-: Not applicable.
3.1.3. Incomplete vehicles: emission tests on incomplete vehicles are applied similarly to complete vehicles (stated in Table 7 and Table 8, Part III of this Regulation) manufactured from the corresponding type. The application is regulated as follows:
3.1.3.1. For incomplete vehicles without cab: tests are carried out only on complete vehicles manufactured from incomplete vehicles without cab which are heavy reference mass vehicles. The application of corresponding tests shall comply with Point 3.2 and 3.3 Part III of this Regulation.
3.1.3.2. For incomplete vehicles with cab, the standards applicable thereto are specified in Table 9 below:
Table 9. Standards applicable to incomplete vehicles with cab
Reference mass of incomplete vehicles with cab (kg) | Reference mass of complete vehicles applying for incomplete vehicle test (kg) (1)(2) | Standards applied |
> 2,610 | All | - Vehicles equipped with petrol engines: specified at Point 3.2 Part III of this Regulation. - Vehicles fueled with gaseous fuel and diesel: specified at Point 3.3 Part III of this Regulation. |
≤ 2,610 | > 2,610 |
≤ 2,610 | Specified at Point 3.2 Part III of this Regulation |
Notes:
(1) If the complete vehicle has a reference mass after being manufactured from the corresponding vehicle type in accordance with the registered reference mass, the complete vehicle shall be granted the type approval on the basis of results of testing of emissions from the incomplete vehicle.
(2) The manufacturer or importer may register to test at the maximum load of the complete vehicle which meets the emission requirements.
3.2. Tests on light reference mass vehicles or heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with petrol engines(*)
3.2.1. Type I test: under Annex Q attached to TCVN 6785:2015 (not applicable to heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with petrol engines).
3.2.1.1. Requirements for characteristics of fuel for performance of tests are provided in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation. The method used to collect and analyze the gases and particulates shall be adopted in accordance with regulations
3.2.1.2. Vehicles equipped with a compression ignition engine must undergo a conditioning run before testing. For vehicles equipped with positive ignition engines using engines without direct fuel injection, conditioning is carried out if requested by the manufacturer or importer.
3.2.1.3. For vehicles subject to more than one test, the conditioning run needs to be repeated if the time from the end of the previous test to the next test is greater than 36 hours.
3.2.1.4. The test cycle is started immediately after the engine is started.
3.2.1.5. For vehicles equipped with an after-exhaust treatment system based on periodic regeneration, the results after testing must be multiplied by the regeneration factor Ki. Ki is determined by one of the following methods:
3.2.1.5.1. Accept the Ki coefficient from the manufacturer if the manufacturer or importer has sufficient documents to prove that the determination of Ki is in accordance with the provisions in Annex M attached to TCVN 6785:2015;
3.2.1.5.2. Carry out a test to determine Ki;
3.2.1.5.3. Use Ki 1.05 for all pollutants as requested by the manufacturer or importer.
3.2.1.5.4. At the request of the manufacturer or importer, the test procedure specific to periodically regenerating systems will not apply to a regenerative device if the manufacturer or importer proves that, during cycles where regeneration occurs, emissions remain below the standards given in Point 2.2 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation (the emissions depend on each category of vehicle).
3.2.1.6. For the continuously regenerating system, the emission test is the same as that carried out on vehicles without the periodically regenerating system.
3.2.1.7. The test shall be repeated three times. The results are multiplied by the appropriate deterioration factors obtained from Table 3 Part II of this Regulation, in case of periodically regenerating systems, also must be multiplied by the factors Ki obtained from Annex 12 attached to this Regulation. The resulting masses of gaseous emissions and PM (in case of vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines) obtained in each test shall be less than the limits shown in the Table 1 or Table 2 Part II of this Regulation for each category of vehicle. However, for each pollutant or PM, one of the three resulting masses obtained may exceed, by not more than 10%, the limit specified in Table 1 or Table 2 Part II of this Regulation, provided the arithmetical mean of the three results is below the specified limit.
3.2.1.8. The number of tests mentioned above is reduced in the conditions hereinafter defined:
3.2.1.8.1. Only one test is performed if the test results for all the pollutants and PM are less than or equal to 0.70 L: V1 ≤ 0.70 L;
3.2.1.8.2. If the requirement mentioned is not satisfied, only two tests are performed if, for each pollutant or PM, the following requirements are met: V1 £ 0.85 L, V1 + V2 £ 1.70 L and V2 £ L, In which:
V1 is the result of the first test, V2 the result of the second test and L is the limit value for each pollutant or PM.
3.2.1.8.3. The routes for Type I test are illustrated in Annex H attached to this Regulation.
3.2.2. Type II test: under Annex E attached to TCVN 6785:2015.
3.2.2.1. Requirements for characteristics of fuel for performance of tests are provided in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation.
3.2.2.2. The exhaust emission test result obtained from this test shall comply with the regulation on CO content specified at Point 2.3 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation.
3.2.3. Type III test: under Annex F attached to TCVN 6785:2015.
3.2.3.1. Requirements for characteristics of fuel for performance of tests are provided in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation.
3.2.3.1. The test result obtained from this test shall comply with the regulation specified at Point 2.4 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation.
3.2.4. Type IV test: under Annex G attached to TCVN 6785:2015 (not applicable to heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with petrol engines).
3.2.4.1. Requirements for characteristics of fuel for performance of tests are provided in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation.
3.2.4.2. The test result obtained from this test shall comply with the regulation specified at Point 2.5 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation.
3.2.5. Type V test (not applicable to heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with petrol engines) shall be carried out as follows:
3.2.5.1. This test represents an ageing test of 160,000 km driven in accordance with the program specified in Annex L attached to this Regulation on a test track, on the road or on a chassis dynamometer. The manufacturer or importer shall drive the vehicle themself according to standard within the corresponding distance. Vehicles that can be fueled either with petrol or with LPG or NG/biomethane should be tested in the Type V test on petrol only. In that case the deterioration factor found with petrol will also be taken for LPG or NG.
3.2.5.2. In addition, the manufacturer or importer may provide deterioration factors and documents proving that the determination of deterioration factors conforms to the regulations specified in Annex L attached to this Regulation.
3.2.5.3. At the request of the manufacturer or importer, the test facility may conduct type V test using the deterioration factors from Table 3 Point 2.6 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation.
Note: (*) For electric hybrid vehicles, apart from carry outing type I, type II, type III and type IV tests as specified at Points 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.2.3 and 3.2.4 Article 3 part III of this Regulation, the corresponding regulations specified in Annex N attached to TCVN 6785:2015 shall be complied with.
3.2.6. OBD test:
3.2.6.1. Check the functional operation characteristics of the OBD system as declared and accompanying documentary evidences provided by the manufacturer or importer according to the requirements enshrined in Point 2.7 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation.
3.2.6.2. Test the effectiveness of OBD through the functional error indicator (MI) and error code when temporarily disconnecting (or deactivating) any 04 sensors or components related to emissions (if installed) as follows: exhaust catalytic converter, oxygen, NOx, temporary electrical disconnection (or deactivation) of other sensors. The selection of sensors or components to temporarily disconnect (or deactivate) can be done according to the recommendations of the manufacturer or importer to ensure the normal operating condition of the test sample after testing and check. However, the option must be to temporarily disconnect (or deactivate) at least one sensor or component (if installed) of the post-exhaust pollution control systems. It is the responsibility of the manufacturer or importer to perform temporary disconnection (or deactivation) of sensors or components and ensure the Testing Facility has access to testing for functional errors (MI) and error code. The manufacturer or importer is responsible for ensuring the normal operating condition of the test sample after inspection and testing.
3.2.7. Opacity test: under TCVN 6565:2006.
3.2.7.1. This test shall be carried out on sample vehicles in accordance with Point 2.2 Article 2 Part III of this Regulation.
3.2.7.2. Requirements for characteristics of fuel for performance of the test are provided in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation.
3.2.7.3. The test result obtained from this test shall comply with the regulation specified at Point 2.8 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation.
3.3. Tests on heavy reference mass vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines
3.3.1. The measurement of power and torque of engines shall comply with TCVN 9725:2013, difference in power between measured values and values declared by the engine manufacturer shall conform to the regulations specified in Annex K to TCVN 6565:2006.
3.3.2. ESC, ELR and ETC tests: under Annex B to TCVN 6567:2015.
3.3.2.1. For ETC test, standards and permitted point deletions (omitted) when making assessment in relation to regression line tolerances specified in Annex M attached to this Regulation.
3.3.2.2. Requirements for characteristics of fuel for performance of tests are provided in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation.
3.3.2.3. The test result obtained from this test shall comply with the regulation specified at Point 3.2 Article 3 Part II of this Regulation.
3.3.2.4. For vehicles fitted with an aftertreatment system based on a continuous regeneration process, the test must be carried out in accordance with Article B.2.8.1 Annex B to TCVN 6567:2015.
3.3.2.5. For vehicles fitted with an aftertreatment system based on a periodical regeneration process, the test must be carried out in accordance with Article B.2.8.2 Annex B to TCVN 6567:2015. To be specific:
3.3.2.5.1. If the manufacturer or importer provides data to show that the emissions remain constant (±15 %) between regeneration phases, one ETC test during and outside a regeneration event may be carried out and the results shall be calculated as specified in Article 5.5.1 Annex B - Appendix B2 to 6567:2015. The manufacturer or importer shall provide an aftertreatment system that has been loaded in order to achieve regeneration during an ETC test or as specified in Article 3.3.2.5.2 below.
3.3.2.5.2. The results of the ETC test during the regeneration process can be used according to the documentation provided by the producer or importer to exempt the ETC test of the regeneration process.
3.3.3. OBD test
3.3.3.1. Check the functional operation characteristics of the OBD system as declared and accompanying documentary evidences provided by the manufacturer or importer according to the requirements enshrined in Point 3.3 Article 3 Part II of this Regulation.
3.3.3.2. Test the effectiveness of OBD through the functional error indicator (MI) and error code when temporarily disconnecting (or deactivating) any 04 sensors or components related to emissions (if installed) as follows: exhaust catalytic converter, oxygen, NOx, temporary electrical disconnection (or deactivation) of other sensors. The selection of sensors or components to temporarily disconnect (or deactivate) can be done according to the recommendations of the manufacturer or importer to ensure the normal operating condition of the test sample after testing and check. However, the option must be to temporarily disconnect (or deactivate) at least one sensor or component (if installed) of the post-exhaust pollution control systems. It is the responsibility of the manufacturer or importer to perform temporary disconnection (or deactivation) of sensors or components and ensure the Testing Facility has access to testing for functional errors (MI) and error code. The manufacturer or importer is responsible for ensuring the normal operating condition of the test sample after inspection and testing.
3.3.4. Opacity test: under TCVN 6565:2006.
3.3.4.1. This test shall be carried out on sample vehicles in accordance with Point 2.2 Article 2 Part III of this Regulation.
3.3.4.2. Requirements for characteristics of fuel for performance of the test are provided in Article 4 Part III of this Regulation.
3.3.4.3. The test result obtained from this test shall comply with the regulation specified at Point 3.4 Article 3 Part II of this Regulation.
4. Test fuel: the following fuels may be used:
4.1. Common fuels for testing satisfying applicable regulations fuels level 5 imposed by the Minister of Science and Technology.
4.2. Reference fuels specified in Annex G attached to this Regulation or fuels whose characteristics are equivalent to reference fuels.
5. Test reports
Every Technical Service responsible for the type approval tests shall prepare a test report including at least the particulars specified in Annexes B, D and E attached to this Regulation corresponding to each type of test and standard applied.
6. Extensions to type approvals
6.1. For vehicles M1, M2, N1, N2 with a standard mass of not more than 2,840 kg and satisfying the extended conditions for accepting the results specified in Points 6.2 and 6.3, Article 6, Part III of this Regulation, the test results will be applied, for tests of vehicles M1, M2, N1, N2 respectively at the request of the manufacturer or importer.
The extension of recognition of test results only applies to vehicle types M1, N1, M2, N2 that have been tested for emissions according to TCVN 678 5:2015 and to vehicle types that have been tested for smoke levels according to TCVN 6565:2015.
If vehicles manufactured from base vehicles satisfy the above-mentioned conditions for extension to type approvals, results of emission test on the corresponding base vehicles may be accepted.
3.2. For light reference mass vehicles or heavy reference mass vehicles not more than 2,840 kg
6.2.1. Type approval may be extended to a vehicle granted type approval as type approval granted to a type of vehicle whose essential characteristics specified in Annex A attached to this Regulation are different from those of the vehicle granted type approval according to one of the two following regulations: Sample vehicle emissions test results of a certified vehicle type (hereinafter referred to as “certified vehicle type”) may be extended to be recognized as test results for a specific type of vehicle. The vehicle has a registration of parameters specified in Annex A of this Regulation that is different from the registration of parameters of the vehicle type that has been certified according to one of the two regulations below:
6.2.1.1. Differ only in the model code or trade name specified at Point A.1.3 Annex A attached to this Regulation;
6.2.1.2. Differ only in the model code or trade name, maximum mass (not changing the category of vehicle) and parameters in each case specified at Points 6.2.2 to 6.2.5 Article 6 Part III of this Regulation.
6.2.2. For Type I, Type II and Type III tests
6.2.2.1. Case 1
6.2.2.1.1. The reference mass is different from the reference mass of the certified vehicle type but correspondingly has an inertia level of one of the two adjacent higher inertia levels or any lower inertia level in Table 10 of this Regulation.
6.2.2.1.2. For vehicle types of categories N1 and N2: the reference mass is lower than the reference mass of the vehicle model that has been certified for emissions and the emission measurement results from the certified vehicle model do not exceed the limit values. The emission limits prescribed for the vehicle type being considered acknowledge this result.
6.2.2.2. Case 2
6.2.2.2.1. For each gear ratio used in the Type I Test, the ratio E shall not be greater than 08%, E being calculated as follows:
In which:
- vehicle speed of the certified vehicle type when the engine speed is 1,000 r/min;
- vehicle speed of the vehicle type under consideration when the engine speed is 1,000 r/min.
Table 10. Reference mass Rm and equivalent inertial mass of vehicles
Reference mass (Rm) | Equivalent inertial mass (kg) |
Inertia class | Inertial mass |
Rm ≤ 480 | 1 | 455 |
480 < Rm ≤ 540 | 2 | 510 |
540 < Rm ≤ 595 | 3 | 570 |
595 < Rm ≤ 650 | 4 | 625 |
650 < Rm ≤ 710 | 5 | 680 |
710 < Rm ≤ 765 | 6 | 740 |
765 < Rm ≤ 850 | 7 | 800 |
850 < Rm ≤ 965 | 8 | 910 |
965 < Rm ≤ 1,080 | 9 | 1,020 |
1,080 < Rm ≤ 1,190 | 10 | 1,130 |
1,190 < Rm ≤ 1,305 | 11 | 1,250 |
1,305 < Rm ≤ 1,420 | 12 | 1,360 |
1,420 < Rm ≤ 1,530 | 13 | 1,470 |
1,530 < Rm ≤ 1,640 | 14 | 1,590 |
1,640 < Rm ≤ 1,760 | 15 | 1,700 |
1,760 < Rm ≤ 1,870 | 16 | 1,810 |
1,870 < Rm ≤ 1,980 | 17 | 1,930 |
1,980 < Rm ≤ 2,100 | 18 | 2,040 |
2,100 < Rm ≤ 2,210 | 19 | 2,150 |
2,210 < Rm ≤ 2,380 | 20 | 2,270 |
2,380 < Rm ≤ 2,610 | 21 | 2,270 |
2,610 < Rm | 22 | 2,270 |
6.2.2.2.2. If E of at least one transmission ratio is greater than 08% and at the same time E of all transmission ratios is not greater than 13%, the type I test shall still be repeated. However, this test may be carried out at any testing facility approved by the Certification Authority, which need not be a model vehicle testing facility of the certified vehicle type. The results of the exhaust gas test must comply with the provisions of Point 2.2, Article 2, Part II of this Regulation. This test report must be submitted to the model vehicle testing facility of the certified vehicle type.
6.2.2.3. Case 3
The vehicle type is different in both Rm and gear ratio but meets all the conditions in both cases above.
Note: Vehicle types that have been approved to extend emissions test results according to the above regulations cannot be used to extend other subsequent vehicle types according to the above regulations.
6.2.2.4. Case 4:
6.2.2.4.1. It is possible to extend certification from one vehicle model to other vehicle models using the same periodic regeneration system, if the parameters stated below are the same or within the allowable limits.
6.2.2.4.2. Identical parameters for extending approval are:
a. Engine;
b. Combustion process;
c. Periodically regenerating system (i.e. catalyst, particulate trap);
d. Construction (i.e. type of enclosure, type of precious metal, type of substrate, cell density);
dd. Type and working principle;
e. Dosage and additive system;
g. Volume: ±10%;
h. Location (temperature ±50°C at 120 km/h or 5% difference of max. temperature/pressure);
6.2.2.4.3. Use of Ki factors for vehicles with different reference masses:
The Ki coefficient applies to vehicles using the periodic regeneration coefficient stated in Annex M attached to TCVN 6785:2015, can be applied to other vehicle models if they meet the parameters stated above and have a reference mass of in the next two higher equivalent inertia ranges or in any lower equivalent inertia range.
6.2.3. For type IV tests
6.2.3.1. The basic principle of air or fuel dosing must be the same (single point injection, etc.).
6.2.3.2. The shape of the fuel tank, the material of the fuel tank and of the liquid fuel hoses must be the same. The cross-section and length of the hose must be the same. The testing facility responsible for emissions testing for certification must decide whether different vapor or liquid separators are acceptable.
6.2.3.3. The fuel tank volume is within a range of ±10%. The setting of the fuel tank relief valve is identical.
6.2.3.4. Method of storage of the fuel vapor is identical, i.e. trap form and volume, storage medium, air cleaner (if used for evaporative emission control), etc.
6.2.3.5. The method of purging the stored vapor is identical (for example, air flow, etc.).
6.2.3.6. However, the following cases are allowed:
6.2.3.6.1. Different engine sizes;
6.2.3.6.2. Different engine powers;
6.2.3.6.3. Automatic and manual gearboxes, two- and four-wheel transmissions;
6.2.3.6.4. Different body styles;
6.2.3.6.5. Reference masses may be different but must be in accordance with Article 6.2.2.1 Article 6 Part III of this Regulation.
6.2.3.6.6. Different wheel and tyre sizes.
6.2.4. For type V tests
6.2.4.1. The extension of the test results shall be applicable to different vehicle models, provided that the engine, pollution control or pollution control system parameters specified below are the same or remain within the prescribed tolerances:
6.2.4.1.1. Inertia category: the two inertia categories immediately above and any inertia category below.
6.2.4.1.2. Total road load at 80 km/h: +05 % above and any value below.
6.2.4.1.3. Pollution control system parameters:
a. Catalytic converters and particulate filters:
- Number of catalytic converters, filters and elements;
- Size of catalytic converters and filters (volume of monolith ±10 per cent);
- Type of catalytic activity (oxidizing, three-way, lean NOx trap, SCR, lean NOx catalyst or other);
- Precious metal load (identical or higher);
- Precious metal type and ratio (±15 per cent);
- Substrate (structure and material);
- Cell density;
- Temperature variation is not more than 50K at the inlet of the catalytic converter or filter. This temperature variation shall be tested under steady-state conditions at a speed of 120 km/h and a Type I Test load setting.
b. Air injection:
- With or without;
- Type (pulsair, air pumps, other(s)).
c. EGR:
- With or without;
- Type (cooled or uncooled, active or passive control, high pressure or low pressure).
6.2.4.1.3. Durability testing can be performed using a vehicle model with different body styles, transmissions (automatic or manual) and wheel or tire sizes, from those type certifications are required.
6.2.5. Extensions for on-board diagnostics
The extension of the test results will be applicable to different vehicle models with the same engine and emission control systems as defined in Appendix K - Appendix K2 attached to TCVN 6785:2015. The extension of the test results can be applied to vehicles with the following different characteristics:
6.2.5.1. Engine accessories;
6.2.5.2. Tyres;
6.2.5.3. Equivalent inertia;
6.2.5.4. Cooling system;
6.2.5.5. Overall gear ratio;
6.2.5.6. Transmission type;
6.2.5.7. Type of bodywork.
6.3. For vehicles or engines applying TCVN 6567:2006
Article 5 or Article 9 or Article 13 specified in TCVN 6565:2006 shall apply to each case respectively.
7. Conformity of production of series
7.1. Vehicles and engines of vehicle types and engines that have been type-certified and mass-produced must be compatible with vehicle types and engines that have been certified for emissions as stated in Part II of this Regulation.
7.2. The frequency of inspection and monitoring of vehicle emissions during mass production is specified in Point 7.1 of this Article in accordance with current regulations on inspection of technical safety quality and environmental protection for newly assembled, manufactured and imported automobiles by the Minister of Transport.
7.3. The verification shall be based on certification documentation and involve performance of corresponding tests as specified in Article 3 Part III of this Regulation on vehicles (for light reference mass vehicles) or engines (for heavy reference mass vehicles or vehicles that are applying TCVN 6567:2006) taken from the series. Exhaust emission test results shall meet requirements concerning exhaust limits specified in Part II of this Regulation.
7.4. If the emissions test results do not satisfy the requirements stated in Part II of this Regulation, the manufacturer may request to retest other vehicles or engines taken from the series of vehicles or engines. The number of vehicles or engines is determined as follows:
7.4.1. With regard to the vehicles or engines that are applying TCVN 6785:2015 or TCVN 6567:2015, the manufacturer shall determine the size n of the vehicles or engines; such vehicles or engines shall include those specified in Article 7.4. The arithmetical mean of the results obtained with the sample and the standard deviation S of the sample shall be determined for each gaseous pollutant. The production of the series shall be deemed to conform if meeting the following conditions:
In which:
L is the limit value for each gaseous pollutant, particulate and smoke considered;
is any of the individual results obtained with the sample n;
The standard deviation S2 = 
, xi is the result obtained with the sample i; k is a statistical factor depending on n and given in Table 11 below:
Table 11. Statistical factor k
n | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
k | 0,973 | 0,613 | 0,489 | 0,421 | 0,376 | 0,342 | 0,317 | 0,296 | 0,279 |
n | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
k | 0,265 | 0,253 | 0,242 | 0,233 | 0,224 | 0,216 | 0,210 | 0,203 | 0,198 |
If n ³ 20:
7.4.2. With regard to vehicles or engines that are applying TCVN 6565:2006 for opacity test: the number of vehicles or engines shall be determined and the tests as specified in Article 6.2 Article 6 or Article 10.2 Article 10 of TCVN 6565:2006 shall be carried out corresponding to each case.
Part IV. IMPLEMENTATION
1. The Vietnam Register shall be responsible for implementing this Regulation.
2. In case any of the standards, regulations and provisions referred to in this Regulation are amended or replaced, the newest one shall prevail.
Annex A
Essential characteristic of vehicle and engine
(For light reference weight vehicles)
A.1. Vehicle
A.1.1. Category of the vehicle (M1, N1, M2, N2, incomplete vehicle for categories M1/M2/N1/N2):
................................................................................................................................
A.1.2. Trade name or mark of the vehicle: ..................................................
A.1.3. Commercial name, if available: ....................................
A.1.3.1. Vehicle type/ model code: ............................................................
A.1.3.2. VIN: .........................................................................................
A.1.4. Manufacturer or Importer:
A.1.4.1. Assembly plant's/ Importer’s name and address: .............................................................................................
A.1.4.2. Name and address of manufacturer's representative (If applicable): .....................................................
A.1.5. Photographs or drawings of a representative vehicle: .........................................................................................
A.1.6. Unladen mass of the vehicle: ................................. kg
A.1.7. Maximum unladen mass of the completed vehicle as registered by the manufacturer (in case of an incomplete vehicle): .......................................... kg
A.1.8. Maximum mass of the vehicle: ................. kg
A.1.9. Number of seats (including the driver): ....................
A.1.10. Transmission:
A.1.10.1. Clutch
A.1.10.1.1. Type: ...................................................................................
A.1.10.1.2. Maximum torque conversion: ....................
A.1.10.2. Gearbox
A.1.10.2.1. Type: ........................................................................................
A.1.10.2.2. Location relative to the engine: .............................
A.1.10.2.3. Manual/automatic/ continuously variable transmission/ other) (1): ........................................................
A.1.10.3. Gear ratios
| Gearbox ratios | Final drive ratios | Total ratios |
Maximum for CVT | | | |
1 | | | |
2 | | | |
3 | | | |
4, 5, others | | | |
Minimum for CVT | | | |
Reverse | | | |
Note: * CVT: Continuously variable transmission |
A.1.11. Suspension
A.1.11.1. Tyres and wheels
A.1.11.1.1. Tyre/wheel combination(s) (for tyres indicate size designation, minimum load capacity index, minimum speed category symbol; for wheels, indicate rim size(s) and off-set(s):
A.1.11.1.1.1. Axle1 ........................................................................................................
A.1.11.1.1.2. Axle2 ........................................................................................................
A.1.11.1.1.3. Axle3 ........................................................................................................
A.1.11.2. Upper and lower limit of rolling circumference:
A.1.11.2.1. Axle1 ................................................................................................ mm
A.1.11.2.2. Axle2 ................................................................................................ mm
A.1.11.2.3. Axle3 ................................................................................................ mm
A.1.11.3. Tyre pressure(s) recommended by the manufacturer: ............................................................................................... kPa
A.1.11.4. Number of tyres and spare tyre
A.1.12. Powered axles (number, position, interconnection): ............................................................................................
A.1.13. Max speed of vehicle (km/h):.......................................
A.1.14. Coefficient of resistance, if any
A.1.14.1. Coefficient of Rolling resistance F0 (N): .....................................
A.1.14.2. Coefficient of friction F1 (N/(km/h): ..............................................
- Coefficient of air resistance F2 (N/(km/h)2): ..................
A.1.15. Wheel base of vehicle (m): ...........................................
A.1.16. Photographs or drawings of a representative vehicle:
................................................................................................................................
A.2. Engine
In case of microprocessor-controlled functions, appropriate operating information shall be supplied.
A.2.1. Manufacturer: .............................................................................
A.2.1.1. Manufacturer's engine identification (as marked on the engine, or other refers to of identification):
A.2.1.1.1. Mark or make of engine: ..............................................
A.2.1.1.2. Engine type: ............................................................
A.2.1.1.3. Engine number: .......................................................................
A.2.2. Internal combustion engine:
A.2.2.1. Specific engine information:
A.2.2.1.1. Working principle: positive-ignition/ compression-ignition, four stroke/ two stroke (1): …………………
A.2.2.1.2. Number, arrangement and firing order of cylinders:
A.2.2.1.2.1. Bore(3): ................................................................. mm
A.2.2.1.2.2. Stroke(3): ................................................................... mm
A.2.2.1.2.3. Firing order: ..................................................................
A.2.2.1.3. Engine capacity(4): .............................................. cm3
A.2.2.1.4. Volumetric compression ratio(2): .....................................................
A.2.2.1.5. Drawings of combustion chamber and piston crown: ..............................................................................................
A.2.2.1.6. Idle speed (2): .......................................................................
High idle engine speed r/min (r.p.m. or min-1):
................................................................................................................................
A.2.2.1.7. Carbon monoxide content by volume in the exhaust gas with the engine idling (according to the manufacturer's specifications)(2): .....................................................................................................
A.2.2.1.8. Maximum net power: ....................................... kW at engine speed:.............................r/min (r.p.m. or min-1)
A.2.2.1.9. Maximum permitted engine speed as specified by the manufacturer: ................. r/min
A.2.2.1.10. Maximum net torque of engine on bench: ................................................................................... (Nm) at engine speed: ..............................r/min (r.p.m. or min-1)
A.2.2.2. Fuel: Diesel/ petrol/ LPG/ NG-Biomethane/ Ethanol (E85)/Biodiesel/Hydrogen
A.2.2.3. RON of unleaded petrol: ...................
A.2.2.4. Fuel feed:
A.2.2.4.1. By fuel injection (compression-ignition only): Yes/no(1)
A.2.2.4.1.1. System description:....................................
A.2.2.4.1.2. Working principle: direct injection/pre-chamber/swirl chamber(1): ......................
A.2.2.4.1.3. Injection pump:
a. Make(s) or mark or mark: ...............................................................
b. Type(s): ....................................................................................................
c. Maximum fuel delivery: mm3/ stroke or cycle: ..................................................................................................................
at a pump speed (r.p.m): .................................................. r/min
or characteristic diagram ...............................................
d. Injection timing: (2) ...................................................................
dd. Injection advance curve: (2) ................................................
e. Calibration procedure: test bench/ engine(1) .................................................................................................
A.2.2.4.1.4. Governor:
a. Type: ..........................................................................................................
b. Cut-off point: ....................................................................
c. Cut-off point under load: .................................. r/min (r.p.m. or min-1)
d. Without load: ............................................. . r/min (r.p.m. or min-1)
dd. Idling speed: ........................................ r/min (r.p.m. or min-1)
A.2.2.4.1.5. Injector(s)
a. Make(s) or mark: ..............................................................................
b. Type(s): .....................................................................................................
c. Opening pressure: (2) ................................................. kPa
d. or characteristic diagram: ...............................................
A.2.2.4.1.6. Cold start system/device:
a. Make(s) or mark: ..............................................................................
b. Type(s): .....................................................................................................
c. Description: ..............................................................................................
A.2.2.4.1.7. Auxiliary starting aid:
a. Make(s) or mark: ..............................................................................
b. Type(s): .....................................................................................................
c. Description: ..............................................................................................
A.2.2.4.2. By fuel injection (positive-ignition only): Yes / No (1)
A.2.2.4.2.1. System description: ................................
A.2.2.4.2.2Working principle: intake manifold (single/multi-point)/ direct injection/other (specify): .......................................................................
a. Control unit - type (or No.) b. Fuel regulator – type c. Air flow sensor – type d. Fuel distributor – type dd. Pressure regulator – type e. Microswitch - Type g. Idle adjusting screw - Type h. Throttle housing - Type i. Water temperature sensor - Type k. Air temperature sensor - Type l. Air temperature switch - Type m. Electromagnetic interference protection: Description or drawing | Information to be given in case of continuous injection; in case of other systems, equivalent details |
A.2.2.4.2.3. Make(s) or mark): .........................................................................
A.2.2.4.2.4. Type(s): ................................................................................................
A.2.2.4.2.5. Injectors:
a. Opening pressure(2) kPa: .........................................................
or characteristic diagram (2): ......................................
b. Make(s) or mark: .........................................................................
c. Type(s): ................................................................................................
A.2.2.4.2.6. Injection timing: ..................................................................
A.2.2.4.2.7. Cold start system/device: .....
a. Operating principle(s)): .......................................................
b. Operating limits/ settings:(1) (2) .............
A.2.2.4.3. Feed pump: ...............................................................
Pressure: (2) ........ kPa or characteristic diagram
A.2.2.4.4. By LPG fueling system: yes/no(1)
A.2.2.4.4.1. Approval number according to TCVN 7467:2005 (ECE 67) or equivalent standard: .............................................................................................................
A.2.2.4.4.2. Electronic Engine Management Control Unit for LPG-fueling: .......................................................
a. Make(s) or mark: ..............................................................................
b. Type: ..........................................................................................................
c. Emission related adjustment possibilities: ..........................................................................................................
A.2.2.4.4.3. Further documentation:
a. Description of the safeguarding of the catalyst at switch-over from petrol to LPG or back: .......................................................................................................
b. System lay-out electrical connections, vacuum connections compensation hoses, etc.: ...............................................................................................................................
c. Drawing of the symbol: .............................................
A.2.2.4.5. By NG fueling system: Yes/ No(1)
A.2.2.4.5.1. Approval number according to TCVN 7465:2005 (ECE 110) or equivalent regulation: .....................................................................................
A.2.2.4.5.2. Electronic Engine Management Control Unit for NG-fueling: ....................................................
a. Make(s) or mark: .........................................................................
b. Type: .....................................................................................................
c. Emission related adjustment possibilities: ....................................................................................................
A.2.2.4.5.3. Further documentation:
a. Description of the safeguarding of the catalyst at switch-over from petrol to NG or back: ....................................................................................................
b. System lay-out electrical connections, vacuum connections compensation hoses, etc.:
..........................................................................................................................
c. Drawing of the symbol: .......................................
A.2.2.5. Ignition
A.2.2.5.1. Make(s) or mark: .........................................................................
A.2.2.5.2. Type(s): ................................................................................................
A.2.2.5.3. Working principle: .........................................................
A.2.2.5.4. Ignition advance curve:(2) .......................................
A,2.2.5.5. Static ignition timing:(2) ......... degrees before TDC......................................................................................................
A.2.2.5.6. Contact-point gap(2): .................................................. mm
A.2.2.5.7. Dwell-angle(2): ...............................................................
A.2.2.5.8. Spark plugs:
A.2.2.5.8.1 Make or mark: .............................................................................
A.2.2.5.8.2. Type: ………………………………………………………………………..
A.2.2.5.8.3. Spark plug gap Setting: ....................
A.2.2.5.9. Ignition coil
A.2.2.5.9.1. Make or mark: .............................................................................
A.2.2.5.9.2. Type: .....................................................................................................
A.2.2.5.10. Ignition condenser
A.2.2.5.10.1. Make or mark: .............................................................................
A.2.2.5.10.2. Type: .....................................................................................................
A.2.2.6. Cooling system: liquid/air (1)
A.2.2.7. Intake system
A.2.2.7.1. Pressure charger: Yes/ No(1)
A.2.2.7.1.1. Make(s) or mark: .........................................................................
A.2.2.7.1.2. Type(s): ................................................................................................
A.2.2.7.1.3. Description of the system (maximum charge pressure: ………. kPa, wastegate ………...)
A.2.2.7.2 Intercooler(5): Yes/ No(1)
A.2.2.7.3 Description and drawings of inlet pipes and their accessories (plenum chamber, heating device, additional air intakes, etc.)
A.2.2.7.3.1. Intake manifold description (include drawings or photographs): ………………………….…………………
A.2.2.7.3.2. Air filter, drawings......, ........ (or): ………
a. Make(s) or mark: .........................................................................
b. Type(s): ................................................................................................
A.2.2.7.3.3. Intake silencer, drawing......,... or
a. Make(s) or mark: .........................................................................
b. Type(s): ................................................................................................
A.2.2.8. Exhaust system
Description and drawings of the exhaust system: ...........................................................................................................
A.2.2.9. Valve timing or equivalent data: ..............................................................................................
A.2.2.9.1. Maximum lift of valves, angles of opening and closing, or timing details of alternative distribution systems, in relation to dead centres: ..........................................
A.2.2.9.2. Reference or setting ranges:(1)
..........................................................................................................................
A.2.2.10. Lubricant used: ................................................
A.2.2.10.1. Make or mark: .............................................................................
A.2.2.10.2. Type: .....................................................................................................
A.2.2.11. Measures taken against air pollution
A.2.2.11.1. The crankcase emission pollution control method) (description): .........................................................
A.2.2.11.2. Device for recycling crankcase gases (description and drawings): ...............................................
A.2.2.11.3. Additional pollution control devices (if any, and if not covered by another heading)
A.2.2.11.3.1. Catalytic converter: yes/no (1)
a. Number of catalytic converters and elements: ................................................................................................
b. Dimensions and shape of the catalytic converter(s)(volume,...) (5): ......................................
c. Type of catalytic action(5): .......................................
d. Total charge of precious metal(5): ...........
dd. Relative concentration: ..............................................
e. Substrate (structure and material) (5): .....
g. Cell density (5): ...............................................................................
h. Type of casing for catalytic converter(s) (5): ...................................................................................................
i. Positioning of the catalytic converter(s) (place and reference distances in the exhaust system): .................................................................
k. Regeneration systems/ method of exhaust after-treatment systems, description (5): ………….
l. The number of Type I operating cycles, or equivalent engine test bench cycles, between two cycles where regenerative phases occur under the conditions equivalent to Type I test (Annex M attached to TCVN 6785:2015 (5): .........................................................................
m. Description of method employed to determine the number of cycles between two cycles where regenerative phases occur (5): ........................................ ………
n. Parameters to determine the level of loading required before regeneration occurs (i.e. temperature, pressure etc. (5): .......................................................................................................... ………….
o. Description of method used to load system in the test procedure specified in Annex M attached to TCVN 6785:2015(5): .....................................................................................................
p. Normal operating temperature range (K)(5): ..................................................................................................................
q. Consumable reagents (where appropriate): ...................................................................................................
r. Type and concentration of reagent needed for catalytic action (where appropriate)(5):
s. Normal operational temperature range of reagent (where appropriate(5): .......................................
t. International standard (where appropriate):
..........................................................................................................................
u. Frequency of reagent refill: continuous/ maintenance (where appropriate): ...............................................
v. Make of catalytic converter: ....................
x. Oxygen sensor: type(5) ................................................
- Location of oxygen sensor(5): ...............................
- Control range of oxygen sensor(5): ........
- Make of oxygen sensor: ......................................
- Identifying part number: ..........................................................
A.2.2.11.3.2. Air injection: Yes/ No(1): ...................................
Type (pulse air, air pump, etc.) .........................................................................................................
A.2.2.11.3.3. EGR exhaust gas recycle: Yes/No(1)
Characteristics: (flow, ................)....................
A.2.2.11.3.4. Evaporative emission control system. Complete detailed description of the devices and their state of tune: ...........................
a. Drawing of the evaporative control system
..........................................................................................................................
b. Drawing of the carbon canister: ..................................
c. Drawing of the fuel tank with indication of capacity and material: ........................................................
A.2.2.11.3.5. Particulate trap: Yes/ No(1)
a. Dimensions and shape of the particulate trap (capacity)(5): .............................................................................
b. Type of particulate trap and design (5): ..........................
c. Location of the particulate trap (reference distances in the exhaust system)(5): ......................
d. Regeneration system/method. Description and drawing(5): .....................................................
dd. - Regeneration systems/method of exhaust after-treatment systems, description(5): .....................................................................................................
e. The number of Type I operating cycles, or equivalent engine test bench cycles, between two cycles where regenerative phases occur under the conditions equivalent to Type I test (Annex M attached to TCVN 6785:2015)(5): ........................................................................
g. Description of method employed to determine the number of cycles between two cycles where regenerative phases occur(5): ..............................................
h. Parameters to determine the level of loading required before regeneration occurs (i.e. temperature, pressure etc.(5): .......................
i. Make of particulate trap(5): .............................................
k. Identifying part number(5): .............................................................
A.2.2.11.3.6. Other systems (description and working): ..........................................................................................................
a. On-board-diagnostic (OBD) system: (Yes/ no): ......................................................................................
b. Written description or drawing of the malfunction indicator (MI)(5): .....................................................
c. List and purpose of all components monitored by the OBD system: ..........................
d. Written description (general working principles) for:
- Positive-ignition engines
+ Catalyst monitoring: ....................................
+ Misfire detection: .......................................................
+ Oxygen sensor monitoring: ................................
+ Other components monitored by the OBD system(5):.......................................................................
- Compression-ignition engines
+ Catalyst monitoring: ....................................
+ Particulate trap monitoring: ...........................................
+ Electronic fueling system monitoring: ..
+ Other components monitored by the OBD system(5):.......................................................................
dd. Criteria for MI activation(5) (fixed number of driving cycles or statistical method): .........................................................................................................
e. List of all OBD output codes and formats used (with explanation of each)(5): ..........................
* The information required by this Article may, for example, be defined by completing a table as follows, which shall be attached to this annex(5):
Component | Fault code | Monitoring strategy | Fault detection criteria | MI activation criteria | Secondary parameters | Preconditi oning | Demonstr ation test |
Catalyst | P0420 | Oxygen sensor 1 and 2 signals | Difference between sensor 1 and sensor 2 signals | 3rd cycle | Engine speed, engine load, A/F mode, catalyst temperature | Two Type I cycles | Type I |
A.2.2.11.3.7. Other systems (description and working)
.............................................................................................................................
A.2.2.11.4. Engine electronic control unit (EECU)(all engine types)
A.2.2.11.4.1. Makes: ............................................................................................
A.2.2.11.4.2. Type): .................................................................................................
A.2.2.11.4.3. Software calibration number(s)(5): ...........................................
A.2.2.11.4.4. Access method of EECU(5): ............................
A.2.2.12. The crankcase emission pollution control method) (description): ............................................................
A.2.2.13. Maximum permitted engine speed as specified by the manufacturer: .................. r/min
A.2.2.14. Maximum net torque of engine on bench(5): ………….… (N.m) at engine speed: ………..…..r/min
We undertake that this declaration document is in compliance with vehicle type for type approval and we are full responsible for matter caused by wrong or lack content in this declaration.
| (Date)
Applicant
(Signature, stamp) |
Note:
(1) Strike out what does not apply.
(2) Specify the tolerance.
(3) This value must be rounded off to the nearest tenth of a millimeter.
(4) This value must be calculated with π = 3,1416 and rounded off, to the nearest cm3.
(5) Not apply for individual imported vehicles, not for commercial purpose.
Annex A
Appendix A1
Information on test conditions(1)
1. Spark plug
1.1. Make: ................................................................................................................
1.2. Type: ...................................................................................................................
1.3. Spark-gap setting: .........................................................................................
2. Ignition coil
2.1. Make: ..............................................................................................................
2.2. Type: ...................................................................................................................
3. Lubricant used
3.1. Make: ................................................................................................................
3.2. Type: (state percentage of oil in mixture if lubricant and fuel mixed) ....................................................................................
4. Dynamometer load setting information (repeat information for each dynamometer test)
4.1. Vehicle bodywork type (variant/version): .................
4.2. Gearbox type (manual/automatic/CVT): ................
4.3. Fixed load curve dynamometer setting information (if used): ...............................................................................
4.3.1. Alternative dynamometer load setting method used (yes/ no): ...........................................................................................
4.3.2. Inertia mass (kg): .........................................................................
4.3.3. Effective power absorbed at 80 km/h including running losses of the vehicle on the dynamometer (kW)
......................................................................................................................................................
4.3.4. Effective power absorbed at 50 km/h including running losses of the vehicle on the dynamometer (kW)
......................................................................................................................................................
4.4. Adjustable load curve dynamometer setting information (if used): …………………..
4.4.1. Coast down information from the test track .......................................................................................................................
4.4.2. Tyres make and type: ..........................................................
4.4.3. Tyre dimensions (front/rear): .............................................
4.4.4. Tyre pressure (front/rear) (kPa): ..............................................
4.4.5. Vehicle test mass including driver (kg): ..................
4.4.6. Coast down Road coast down data (if used)
V (km/h) | V1 (km/h) | V2 (km/h) | Mean corrected coast down time (s) |
120 | | | |
100 | | | |
80 | | | |
60 | | | |
40 | | | |
20 | | | |
4.4.7. CP - Corrected road power
V (km/h) | CP (kW) |
120 | |
100 | |
80 | |
60 | |
40 | |
20 | |
Note: (1) Not apply for individual imported vehicles, not for commercial purpose
Annex B
For light reference weight vehicles
(Test report of emission from vehicle)
B.1. Vehicle
B.1.1. Category of the vehicle: (M1, N1, M2, N2, incomplete vehicle for category M1/M2/N1/N2)
B.1.2. Trade name or mark: ...............................................................................
B.1.3. Commercial name: ..........................................................................
B.1.3.1. Vehicle type or model code: .............................................................
B.1.3.2. VIN: .............................................................................................
B.1.4. Engine
B.1.4. 1. Trade name or mark of the engine: .....................................................
B.1.4. 2. Engine type or engine code: .............................................
B.1.4.3. Engine number: ...................................................................................
B.1.5. Importer's name and address: ...............................
B.1.6. Manufacturer's name and address: ..............................
B.1.7. Unladen mass of the vehicle: ......................................... kg
Maximum unladen mass of the completed vehicle as registered by the manufacturer (in case of an incomplete vehicle) .................................................................................................. kg
B.1.8. Reference mass of the vehicle: ………….………………… kg
Maximum reference mass of the completed vehicle (in case of an incomplete vehicle) ...................................... kg
B.1.9. Maximum mass of the vehicle: ................... kg
B.1.10. Number of seats (including the driver): .........................
B.1.11. Transmission
B.1.11.1. Transmission: Manual / automatic / continuously variable transmission / other: ............
B.1.11.2. Number of gear ratios: .....................................................
B.1.11.3. Transmission ratio of gearbox:
First gear: ...............................................................................................................
Second gear: .............................................................................................................
Third gear: ..............................................................................................................
Fourth gear: .............................................................................................................
Fifth gear: ..............................................................................................................
Sixth gear: ..............................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
Reserve .......................................................................................................................
For CVT - continuously variable transmission
Max: ..........................................................................................................
Min: ...........................................................................................................
B.1.11.4. Final drive ratio: ……………………………………………
B.1.11.5. Tyres:
B.1.11.5.1. Dimensions:
Axle1: ...............
Axle2: ...............
B.1.11.5.2. Dynamic rolling circumference:
Min: ......................................... mm; max: .................................. mm
B.1.11.6. Wheel drive: front, rear, 4 x 4: ......................
B.1.11.7. Pure electric vehicle: yes/ no
B.1.11.8. Hybrid electric vehicle: yes/ no
B.1.11.8.1. Category of Hybrid electric vehicle: Off Vehicle Charging (OVC)/Not Off Vehicle charging (NOVC). …
B.1.11.8.2. Operating mode switch: with/without
B.1.12. Vehicle submitted for test on): ...........................................
B.1.13. Cycle: .........................................................................
B.1.14. Cylinder capacity: ................................................................. cm3
B.1.15. Additional control pollution Devices (if any):
B.1.15.1. Kind of device:
B.1.15.1.1. Exhaust gas recirculation- EGR: Yes/ no
B.1.15.1.2. Catalystic converter: Yes/ no
Regeneration systems: Yes/ no
B.1.15.1.3. Air injection: Yes/ no
B.1.15.1.4. Evaporative emission control system: Yes/no
B.1.15.1.5. Particulate trap: Yes/ no
Regeneration systems: Yes/ no
B.1.15.1.6. Other: Yes/ no
B.1.15.2. Description of installation position: ..............................
B.1.16. Air Intake and Fuel Feed
B.1.16.1. By carburetor(s):
B.1.16.1.1. Make or mark: ...................................................................................
B.1.16.1.2. Type: .........................................................................................................
B.1.16.2. By injection: Yes/ no
B.1.16.2.1. For positive-ignition engine
B.1.16.2.1.1. Make or mark: ................................................................................
B.1.16.2.1.2. Type: ...................................................................................................... .
B.1.16.2.1.3. General description:
B.1.16.2.2. For compression-ignition engine
B.1.16.2.2.1. Make or mark: ...........................................................
B.1.16.2.2.2. Type: ............................................................................
B.1.16.2.2.3. General description: ...................................................................
B.1.16.3. Testing fuel including specifications for fuel: .............................................................................................................
B.1.16.4. Method of setting dynamometer: ...................
B.1.17. Supercharging equipment: Yes/No
B.1.18. Idling engine speed: …………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
B.1.18.1. High Idling engine speed: …….…r/min (rpm. or min-1)
B.1.19. Engine speed at maximum power: ………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
B.1.20. Maximum power: ……………….. kW
B.1.21. Power train (for pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle)
B.1.21.1. Maximum net power: ………kW, at: ……………… to . ........ min-1
B.1.21.2. Maximum thirty minutes power: .............................. ...................................................... kW
B.1.22. Traction battery (for pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle)
B.1.22.1. Nominal voltage: .......................................................... V
B.1.22.2. Capacity (2 h rate): .................................................. Ah
B.2. Emission test:
B.2.1. Applied regulation: ....................................................................
B.2.2. Tailpipe emissions test results
B.2.2.1. Type I
Gaseous pollutants | Limits Level 5 | Deterio- ration facto r(4) | Regen- aration factor (1)(5) | Results (a) | Conclusion |
No.1 | No.2 | No.3 | Mean (1)(6) |
CO (mg/km) | | | | | | | | Pass/Failure |
THC (mg/km) | | | | | | | | Pass/Failure |
NMHC (mg/km) | | | | | | | | Pass/Failure |
NOx (mg/km) | | | | | | | | Pass/Failure |
THC + NOx (mg/km) | | (2) | (2) | | | | (3) | Pass/Failure |
PM (mg/km) | | | | | | | | Pass/Failure |
Note:
(a) Results in this calculated with regeneration factor and deterioration factor
(1) Where applicable;
(2) Not applicable;
(3) Mean value calculated by adding mean values (M.Ki) calculated for THC and NOx;
(4) Round to 2 decimal places;
(5) Round to 4 decimal places;
(6) Round to 1 decimal place more than limit value;
Position of the engine cooling fan during the test: Height of the lower edge above ground……… cm.
Lateral position of fan centre: ……cm Right/left of vehicle centre-line.
Information about regeneration strategy
D - number of operating cycles between 2 cycles where regenerative phases occur | |
d - number of operating cycles required for regeneration | |
B.2.2.2. Type II:
CO: .................. % in volume
Engine speed when measuring: …….... r/min (rpm. or min-1)
B.2.2.3. Type III: Evaluating the measurement results of pressures at measurement conditions specified at Point F.3.2 Annex F attached to TCVN 6785:2015
Condition | Induction manifold depression (kPa) | Limit (kPa) | Conclusion |
| | | (Pass/Failure) |
| | | (Pass/Failure) |
| | | (Pass/Failure) |
B.2.2.4. Type IV
Test | HC (g/test) | limit (g/test) | Conclusion |
Tank breath loss | | | --- |
Hot soak loss | | | --- |
Total loss of evaporative fuel | | | (Pass/Failure) |
B.2.2.5. Type V:
Durability test type: whole vehicle test/bench ageing test/none
B.2.2.5.1. Deterioration factor DF: calculated/assigned
B.2.2.5.1. Specify the values: ....................................................
B.2.2.5. OBD test
Test Item | Requirements | Test results | Evaluation |
| | | Pass/Failure |
| | | Pass/Failure |
| | | …. |
B.3. Conclusion:
B.3.1. Test required:
No. | Test type | Conclusion |
1 | Type I test | Pass/Failure/Not Applicable |
2 | Type II test | Pass/Failure/Not Applicable |
3 | Type III test | Pass/Failure/Not Applicable |
4 | Type IV test | Pass/Failure/Not Applicable |
5 | Type V test | Pass/Failure/Not Applicable |
6 | OBD test | Pass/Failure/Not Applicable |
B.3.2. This vehicle was tested according to regulation QCVN 109:2021/BGTVT with regard to the emission gaseous pollutants at level 5 for newly assembly - manufactured vehicles and newly imported vehicles.
B.4. Remark:
B.4.1. The results of the test in item B.2.2 refer exclusively to sample vehicle with VIN and engine number mentioned in this report.
B.4.2. This report accompanies with essential characteristic of vehicle and engine
. | ……. (Date) |
| DIRECTOR
(Signature and stamp) |
Annex C
Essential characteristics of engine and information concerning the conduct of test for Level 5 test (1)
(For heavy reference weight vehicles)
C.1. Description of engine
C.1.1. Manufacturer: ..............................................................................
C.1.1.1. Name and address of engine manufacturer:
..............................................................................................................................
C.1.1.2. Name and address of manufacturer/ Importer: .............................................................................................................
C.1.2. Manufacturer's engine code (as marked on the engine, or other refers to of identification): .........................................................
C.1.2.1. Trade name/ Mark or Make of engine: ..............................
C.1.2.2. Engine Type/Model code/Engine model: .....................
C.1.2.3. Engine number: ..............................................................................
C.1.3. Stroke: Four stroke/ two stroke (2): ...............................
C.1.4. Number and arrangement of cylinders: ...................
C.1.4.1. Bore: ....................................................................... mm
C.1.4.2. Stroke: .......................................................................... mm
C.1.4.3. Firing order: .....................................................................................
C.1.5. Engine capacity: ............................................... cm3
C.1.6. Volumetric compression ratio(3): .......................................................
C.1.7. Drawings of combustion chamber and piston crown: ................................................................................................
C.1.8. Minimum cross- sectional area of inlet and outlet ports: ......................................................... cm2
C.1.9. Idling speed: ......................................... r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.1.10. Maximum net power: ...................................... kW at (r.p.m. or min-1) …………………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.1.11. Maximum permitted engine speed: ……………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.1.12. Maximum net torque: ..............................................Nm at (r.p.m. or min-1): ....................................................... r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.1.13. Combustion system description: compression ignition/ positive ignition(2) ............................................
C.1.14. Fuel: Diesel / LPG / NG/ others(2)
...............................................................................................................................
C.1.15. Cooling system
C.1.15.1. Liquid: ........................................................................
C.1.15.1.1. Nature of liquid: ..........................................................................
C.1.15.1.2. Circulating pump(s) Yes/No(2): ..............................
C.1.15.1.3. Characteristics or Make(s) or mark and type(s) (if applicable): ..................................................
C.1.15.1.4. Drive ratio(s) (if applicable): .................
C.1.15.2. Air
C.1.15.2.1. Blower: Yes / No(2): ……………………
C.1.15.2.2. Characteristics or Make(s) or mark and type(s) (if applicable): ........................................................
C.1.15.2.3. Drive ratio(s) (if applicable): ........................
C.1.16. Temperature permitted by the manufacturer
C.1.16.1. Liquid cooling: Maximum temperature at outlet ……………………0C
C.1.16.2. Air cooling
C.1.16.2.1. Reference point: ……………………
C.1.16.2.2. Maximum temperature at reference point …0C
C.1.16.3. Maximum temperature of the air at the outlet of the intake intercooler (if applicable): ………..…0C
C.1.16.4. Maximum exhaust temperature at the point in the exhaust pipe(s) adjacent to the outer flange(s) of the exhaust manifold (s)/Turbocharger: ……………………0C
C.1.16.5. Fuel temperature (For C.I. engine at the injection pump inlet, for gas fueled engines at pressure regulator final stage.)
C.1.16.5.1. Min: ……………………oC
C.1.16.5.2. Max: ……………………oC
C.1.16.6. For NG engines: Fuel pressure at pressure regulator final stage
C.1.16.6.1. Min: …………………… kPa
C.1.16.6.2. Max: …………………… kPa
C.1.16.7. Lubricant temperature
C.1.16.7.1. Min: ……………………oC
C.1.16.7.2. Max: ……………………oC
C.1.17 Pressure charger: Yes/ No(2) ……………………
C.1.17.1 Make(s) or mark: ……………………
C.1.17.2 Type(s): ……………………
C.1.17.3 Description of the system (for example, max. charge pressure, wastegate, if applicable): ……………………
C.1.17.4 Intercooler: Yes/ No(2) ……………
C.1.18. Intake system: Maximum allowable intake depression at rated engine speed and at 100 % load as specified in and under the operating conditions of TCVN 6565:2006 …………………… kPa
C.1.19. Exhaust system: Maximum allowable exhaust back – pressure at rated engine speed and at 100 % load as specified in and under the operating conditions of TCVN 6565:2006 …………………… kPa
Exhaust system volume: …………………… dm3
C.1.20. Engine Electronic Control Unit (EECU) (all engine types): ……………………
C.1.20.1. Mark: ……………………
C.1.20.2. Type: ……………………
C.1.20.3. Software calibration number(s): ……………………
C.1.20.4. Access method of EECU
C.2. Measures taken against air pollution
C.2.1. Device for recycling crankcase gases (description and drawings): ………………………………….…
C.2.2. Additional pollution control devices (if any, and if not covered by another heading)
C.2.2.1. Catalytic converter): Yes/ No(2) ………………
C.2.2.1.1. Make(s) or mark: ……………………
C.2.2.1.2. Type(s): ……………………
C.2.2.1.3. Number of catalytic converters and elements: ……………………
C.2.2.1.4 Dimensions and shape of the catalytic converter(s) (volume,...) ……………………
C.2.2.1.5. Type of catalytic action ……………………
C.2.2.1.6. Total charge of precious metal: ……………………
C.2.2.1.7. Relative concentration ……………………
C.2.2.1.8. Substrate structure and material)
C.2.2.1.9. Cell density ……………………
C.2.2.1.10. Type of casing for catalytic converter(s)
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
C.2.2.1.11. Positioning of the catalytic converter(s) (place and reference distances in the exhaust system): ……………………
C.2.2.1.12. Normal operating temperature range …… oC
C.2.2.1.13. Consumable reagents (where appropriate): ……………………
C.2.2.1.14. Frequency of reagent refill continuous/ maintenance ……………………
C.2.2.2. (Oxygen sensor: type, yes/no(2) ……………………
C.2.2.2.1. Make(s) or mark: ……………………
C.2.2.2.2. Type(s): ……………………
C.2.2.2.3. Location of oxygen sensor: ……………………
C.2.2.3. Air injection: Yes/ No(2) ……………………
Type (pulse air, air pump,...
……………………………………………………………………………………
C.2.2.4. EGR exhaust gas recycle: Yes/ No(2)
C.2.2.4.1. Characteristics (make, type, Flow,..)
…………………………………………………………………………………….
C.2.2.5. Particulate trap: yes/no(2) ……………………..………
C.2.2.5.1. Dimensions, shape and capacity of the particulate trap: ……………………
C.2.2.5.2. Type and design of the particulate trap: …………
C.2.2.5.3. Location (reference distance in the exhaust line): ……………………
C.2.2.5.4. Method or system of regeneration, description or drawing: ……………………
C.2.2.5.5 Normal operating temperature (oC) and pressure (kPa) range: ……………………
C.2.2.5.6. In case of periodic regeneration
C.2.2.5.6.1. Number of ETC test cycles between 2 regenerations (n1): ……………………
C.2.2.5.6.2. Number of ETC test cycles during regeneration (n2): ……………………
C.2.2.6. Other systems: yes/no(2) ……………………
Description and working
C.3. Fuel feed
C.3.1. Diesel engine
C.3.1.1. Feed pump: ……………………
Pressure(3) or characteristic diagram(2) ……… kPa
C.3.1.2. Injection system
C.3.1.2.1. Pump
C.3.1.2.1.1. Make(s) or mark: ……………………
C.3.1.2.1.2. Type(s): ……………………
C.3.1.2.1.3. Delivery per stroke or cycle at full injection(3) …………………… mm3
a. at pump speed …………………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
or characteristic diagram(2)(3) ……………………
b. Mention the method used: On engine/ on pump bench(1) ……………………
c. If boost control is supplied, state the characteristic fuel delivery and boost pressure versus engine Speed …………………… kPa
C.3.1.2.1.4. Injection advance
a. Injection advance curve(3): ……………………
b. Static injection Timing(3): ……………………
C.3.1.2.2. Injection piping
C.3.1.2.2.1. Length …………………… mm
C.3.1.2.2.2. Internal diameter: …………………… mm
C.3.1.2.2.3. Common rail, make and type …………
C.3.1.2.3. Injector(s)
C.3.1.2.3.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.1.2.3.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.1.2.3.3. Opening pressure …………………… kPa(3)
or characteristic diagram(2)(3) ……………………
C.3.1.2.4. Governor
C.3.1.2.4.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.1.2.4.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.1.2.4.3. Speed at which cut-off starts under full load …………………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.3.1.2.4.4. Maximum no-load speed ……… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.3.1.2.4.5. Idling speed ……………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.3.1.3. Cold start system
C.3.1.3.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.1.3.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.1.3.3. Description ……………………
C.3.1.3.4. Auxiliary starting aid
C.3.1.3.4.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.1.3.4.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2. Gas fueled engines(4)
C.3.2.1. Fuel: Natural gas/LPG(2) ……………………
C.3.2.2. Pressure regulator(s) or vaporizer/ pressure regulator(s)(3)
C.3.2.2.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.2.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.2.3. Number of pressure reduction stages ………
C.3.2.2.4. Pressure in the final stage
C.3.2.2.4.1. Max …………………… kPa
C.3.2.2.4.2. Min …………………… kPa
C.3.2.2.5. Number of main adjustment points ……………………
C.3.2.2.6. Number of idle adjustment points …………
C.3.2.2.7. Certification number: ……………………
C.3.2.3. Fuel system: mixing unit/ gas injection/ liquid injection/ direct injection (2) ……………………
C.3.2.3.1. Mixture strength regulation ……………………
C.3.2.3.2. System description or diagram and drawings ……………………
C.3.2.3.3. Certification number: ……………………
C.3.2.4. Mixing unit
C.3.2.4.1. Number ……………………
C.3.2.4.2. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.4.3. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.4.4. Location ……………………
C.3.2.4.5. Adjustment possibilities ……………………
C.3.2.4.6. Certification number: ……………………
C.3.2.5. Inlet manifold injection
C.3.2.5.1. Injection: single/multi-point(2) ……………………
C.3.2.5.2. Injection: continuous/ simultaneously timed/ sequentially timed(2) ……………………
C.3.2.5.3. Injection equipment
C.3.2.5.3.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.5.3.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.5.3.3. Adjustment possibilities ……………………
C.3.2.5.3.4. Certification number: ……………………
C.3.2.5.4. Supply pump (if applicable)
C.3.2.5.4.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.5.4.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.5.4.3. Certification number: ……………………
C.3.2.5.5. Injector(s)
C.3.2.5.5.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.5.5.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.5.5.3. Certification number: ……………………
C.3.2.6. Direct injection
C.3.2.6.1. Injection pump/ pressure regulator(2) …………………
C.3.2.6.1.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.6.1.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.6.1.3. Injection timing ……………………
C.3.2.6.2. Injector(s) ……………………
C.3.2.6.2.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.6.2.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.6.2.3. Opening pressure or characteristic diagram(3) …………
C.3.2.6.2.4. Certification number: ……………………
C.3.2.7. Electronic control unit (ECU)
C.3.2.7.1. Make(s) or mark ……………………
C.3.2.7.2. Type(s) ……………………
C.3.2.7.3 Khả năng DDiều chỉnh (Adjustment possibilities) ……………………
C.3.2.8. NG fuel-specific equipment
C.3.2.8.1. Variant 1 (only in case of approvals of engines for several specific fuel compositions)
C.3.2.8.1.1. Fuel composition
a. Methane (CH4): Basis …..… % mol; Min ……… % mol; Max ……… % mol
b. Ethane (C2H6): Basis …..… % mol; Min ……… % mol; Max ……… % mol
c. Propane (C3H8): Basis …..… % mol; Min ……… % mol; Max ……… % mol
d. Butane (C4H10): Basis …..… % mol; Min ……… % mol; Max ……… % mol
DD. C5/C5+: Basis …..… % mol; Min ……… % mol; Max ……… % mol
e. Oxygen (O2): Basis …..… % mol; Min ……… % mol; Max ……… % mol
g. Inert gas (N2, He): Basis …..… % mol; Min ……… % mol; Max ……… % mol
C.3.2.8.1.2. Injector(s)
a. Make(s) or mark ……………………
b. Type(s) ……………………
c. Others (if applicable) ……………………
C.3.2.8.2. Variant 2 (only in case of approvals for several specific fuel compositions
C.4. Valve timing
C.4.1. Maximum lift of valves and angles of opening and closing in relation to dead centres or equivalent Data ……………………
C.4.2. Reference or setting ranges(2)
……………………………………………….…
C.5. Ignition system (Spark ignition engines only)
C.5.1. Ignition system type common coil and plugs / individual coil and plugs / coil on plug / other (specify) …
C.5.2. Ignition control unit
C.5.2.1. Make or mark ……………………
C.5.2.2. Type ……………………
C.5.3. Ignition advance curve/advance map(2)(3) ……………………
C.5.4. Ignition timing(3): degrees: …………………… before TDC at a speed of….. …………………… r/min (rpm. or min-1) and a MAP of .......... …………………… kPa
C.5.5. Spark plugs
C.5.5.1. Make or mark ……………………
C.5.5.2. Type ……………………
C.5.5.3.. Spark plug gap setting …………………… mm
C.5.6. Ignition Coil
C.5.6.1. Make or mark ……………………
C.5.6.2. Type ……………………
C.6. Engine- driven equipment
The engine must be submitted for testing with the auxiliaries needed for operating the engine (for example, fan, water pump, etc.), as specified in and under the operating conditions of TCVN 6565:2006
C.6.1. Auxiliaries to be fitted for the test
If it is impossible or inappropriate to install the auxiliaries on the test bench, the power absorbed by them must be determined and subtracted from the measured engine power over the whole operating area of the test cycle(s) ……………………
C.6.2. Auxiliaries to be removed for the test. Auxiliaries needed only for the operation of the vehicle (for example, air compressor, air conditioning system etc.) must be removed for the test. Where the auxiliaries cannot be removed, the power absorbed by them may be determined and added to the measured engine power over the whole operating area of the test cycle(s) ……………………
C.7. Additional information on test condition
C.7.1. Lubricant used
C.7.1.1. Make or mark ……………………
C.7.1.2. Type ……………………
(State percentage of oil in mixture if lubricant and fuel are mixed ………
C.7.2. Engine-Driven Equipment (if Applicable)
The power absorbed by the auxiliaries needs only be determined:
If auxiliaries needed for operating the engine, are not fitted to the engine ……
If auxiliaries not needed for operating the engine, are fitted to the engine ………
C.7.2.1. Enumeration and identifying details ………
C.7.2.2. Power absorbed at indicated engine speeds (as specified by the manufacturer)
Equipment | Equipment Power absorbed (kW) at various engine speeds |
Idle speed | Low speed | High speed | Speed A(6) | Speed B(6) | Speed C(6) | Ref. speed (7) |
P(a) Auxiliaries needed for operating the engine (to be subtracted from measured engine power | | | | | | | |
P(b) Auxiliaries not needed for operating the engine (to be added to measured engine power | | | | | | | |
C.8. Engine performance
C.8.1. Engine Speeds(5)
C.8.1.1. Low speed nlo ………………… r/min (rpm or min-1)
C.8.1.2. High speed nhi ………………… .r/min (rpm or min-1)
C.8.1.3. For ESC and ELR Cycles
C.8.1.3.1. Idle speed ………………… r/min (rpm or min-1)
C.8.1.3.2. Speed A …………………… r/min (rpm or min-1)
C.8.1.3.3. Tốc DDộ B (speed B) …………………… r/min (rpm or min-1)
C.8.1.3.4. Speed C …………………… r/min (rpm or min-1)
C.8.1.4. For ETC Cycle
Reference speed …………………… r/min (rpm or min-1)
C.8.2. Engine Power: measured in accordance with the provisions of TCVN 6567:2015) …………………… kW
| Engine speed |
Idle speed | A(6) | B(6) | C(6) | Ref. speed (7) |
P(m): Power measured on test bed | | | | | |
P(a): Power absorbed by auxiliaries to be fitted for test as mentioned in K.5.1.1 Annex K TCVN 6565:2006): - if fitted if not fitted | | | | | |
P(b): Power absorbed by auxiliaries to be removed for test as mentioned in K.5.1.2 Annex K TCVN 6565:2006: - if fitted - if not fitted | | | | | |
P(n): Engine net power P(n) = P(m) - P(a)+ P(b) | | | | | |
C.8.3. Dynamometer settings (kW)
The dynamometer settings for the ESC and ELR tests and for the reference cycle of the ETC test must be based upon the net engine power P(n) of Article C.8.2 above. It is recommended to install the engine on the test bed in the net condition. In this case, P(m) and P(n) are identical. If it is impossible or inappropriate to operate the engine under net conditions, the dynamometer settings must be corrected to net conditions using the above formula
C.8.3.1. ESC and ELR tests
The dynamometer settings must be calculated according to the formula in Point 1.2 Part II Annex B1 TCVN 6567:2015 ……………………
Per cent load | Engine speed |
Idle speed | A (speed A) | B (speed B) | C (speed C) |
10 | | | | |
25 | | | | |
50 | | | | |
75 | | | | |
100 | | | | |
C.8.3.2. ETC test
If the engine is not tested under net conditions, the correction formula for converting the measured power or measured cycle work, as determined according to Item 2 Annex B2 TCVN 6567:2015 to net power or net cycle work must be submitted by the engine manufacturer for the whole operating area of the cycle, and approved by the Technical Service
C.9. Additional characteristics of the engine involved in install on dyno and test
C.9.1. Min. engine speed ………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
C.9.2. Direction of rotation of the engine …………………
C.9.3. Liquid cooling: max pressure at outlet ………………… kPa
C.9.4. Normal operating temp. of liquid cooling …………………oC
C.9.5. Max lubricant pressure ………………… kPa
C.9.6. Min lubricant pressure ………………… kPa
C.9.7. Normal operating temp. of lubricant ……………oC
C.9.8. Rotating moment of inertia of the engine including flywheel ………………… kgm2
C.10. On-board diagnostic (OBD) system
C.10.1. Written description or drawing of the malfunction indicator (MI)(4): ..............
C.10.2. List and purpose of all components monitored by the OBD system: ..................
C.10.3. Written description (general working principles) for: ............................
C.10.3.1. Diesel/gas engine
C.10.3.1.1. Catalyst monitoring: ...............................
C.10.3.1.2. deNOx system monitoring: ......................................
C.10.3.1.3. Diesel particulate filter monitoring:.........
C.10.3.1.4 Electronic fueling system monitoring: ……….…
C.10.3.1.5. Other components monitored by the OBD system: .............................................................................................
C.10.4. Criteria for MI activation (fixed number of driving cycles or statistical method):
…………………………………………………………………………………………....
C.10.5. List of all OBD output codes and formats used (with explanation of each): ………………………………
C.11. Torque limiter
C.11.1. Description of the torque limiter activation
C.11.2. Description of the full load curve limitation
We undertake that this declaration document is in compliance with engine, vehicle type for type approval and we are full responsible for matter caused by wrong or lack content in this declaration.
Date)
Applicant
(Signature, stamp))
Note:
(1) In case of non-conventional engines and systems, particulars equivalent to those referred to here shall be supplied by the manufacturer;
(2) Strike out what does not apply;
(3) Specify the tolerance;
(4) In case of systems laid out in a different manner, supply equivalent information;
(5) Specify the tolerance; to be within ± 3% of the values declared by the manufacturer;
(6) ESC test;
(7) ETC test only.
Annex C - Appendix C1.
OBD-related information on engine
(For heavy reference weight vehicles)
1. The following additional information must be provided by the vehicle manufacturer for the purposes of enabling the manufacture of OBD-compatible replacement or service parts and diagnostic tools and test equipment, unless such information is covered by intellectual property rights or constitutes specific know-how of the manufacturer or the OEM supplier(s). The information required by this appendix shall be repeated in Annex D - Appendix D1 attached to this Regulation.
A description of the type and number of the pre-conditioning cycles used for the original type approval of the vehicle.
1.2. A description of the type of the OBD demonstration cycle used for the original type approval of the vehicle for the component monitored by the OBD system.
1.3. A comprehensive document describing all sensed components with the strategy for fault detection and MI activation (fixed number of driving cycles or statistical method), including a list of relevant secondary sensed parameters for each component monitored by the OBD system. A list of all OBD output codes and format used (with an explanation of each) associated with individual emission related power-train components and individual non-emission related components, where monitoring of the component is used to determine MI activation.
1.3.1. This information may be provided in the form of a table, as follows:
Component | Fault code | Monitoring strategy | Fault detection criteria | MI activation criteria | Secondary parameters | Preconditioning | Demonstration test |
Catalyst | Pxxxx | Oxygen sensor 1 and 2 signals | Difference between sensor 1 and sensor 2 signals | 3rd cycle | Engine speed, engine load, A/F mode, catalyst temperature | Three OBD cycles (3 short ESC cycles) | OBD test cycle (short ESC cycle) |
… | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
1.3.2. The information required by this appendix may be limited to the complete list of the fault codes recorded by the OBD system where Point D.5.1.2.1. of Annex D to this TCVN 6567:2015 is not applicable as in case of replacement or service components. This information may, for example, be defined by completing the two first columns of the table of Article 1.3.1. above.
The complete information package should be made available to the Approval Authority as part of the additional material requested in Point 55.1.7 of TCVN 6567:2015.
1.3.3. The information required by this appendix shall be repeated in Annex D - Appendix D1 attached to this Regulation.
Where Point D.5.1.2.1. of Annex D to TCVN 6567:2015 is not applicable in case of replacement or service components, the information provided in Annex D - Appendix D1 can be limited to the one mentioned in Point 1.3.2.
Annex D
Test Report of emission from engine
(For heavy reference weight vehicles)
D.1. Name and address of manufacturer/ Importer: …………………………………………………………
D.2. Engine
D.2.1. Mark or make of engine: ………………………….…..…….
D.2.2. Engine manufacture: ……………………………..………..
D.2.3. Engine Type/Model code/Engine model: …………………
D.2.4. Engine number: …………………………………………………….…..
D.2.5. Engine working principle: ……………………..
D.2.6. Cycles: ………………………………………………………………………….
D.2.7. Number and layout of cylinders: …………………
D.2.8. Capacity of cylinder: ………………………………………….cm3
D.2.9. Fuel feed:
D.2.9.1. Fuel injection: Yes/No) ………………………..……
D.2.9.2. Pump: Yes/No …………………………………………
D.2.9.2.1. Make(s) or mark: ……………………………………………………
D.2.9.2.2. Type(s): ………………………………….
D.2.10. Supercharging equipment: Yes/No ………………
D.2.11. Intercooler: Yes/No …………………
D.2.12. Idle speed: ……………………… r/min (rpm. or min-1)
D.2.13. Stated net maximum power: …………kW at ......................... r/min (rpm. or min-1)
D.2.14. Maximum net torque: ..........Nm at ........... r/min (rpm. or min-1)
D.2.15. Description of engine including photographs: .................................................................................................................
D.2.16. Additional pollution control devices (if any)
………………………………………………………………………………………………….…
D.2.16.1. Device Kind:
D.2.16.1.1. Exhaust gas recirculation- EGR): Yes/No ……
D.2.16.1.2. Catalystic converter: Yes/No ………………
D.2.16.1.3. Air injection: Yes/No ………………….……………
D.2.16.1.4. Particulate trap: Yes/No ………………………….…………
D.2.16.1.5. Other: Yes/No ………………………………………..……
D.2.16.2. Description of installation position: …………………
D.3. Emission test:
D.3.1. Applied regulation:……………………………………………
D.3.2. Testing fuel: ……………………………..………………..
D.3.3. Test results
D.3.3.1. Test cycle ESC and ELR
| Test | Limits Level 5 | Test results | Evaluation |
CO (g/kwh) | ESC | | | Pass/Failure |
HC (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
NOX (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
PM (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
Smoke (1/m) | ELR | | | Pass/Failure |
PM determined by a full flow system |
For ESC test: (measured results Nox at mode 14, mode 15 and mode 16, ESC Test
Result NOx (g/kwh) | Tolerance(%) | Limits | Conclusion (Pass/Failure) |
| Measured values | Interpolated values |
Mode 14 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
Mode 15 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
Mode 16 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
For test cycle ESC: measured results of 4-th cycle, ELR Test
| Limits Level 5 | Test results | Conclusion (Pass/Failure) |
Smoke (1/m) | --- | -- | -- |
D.3.3.2 result ETC (Test cycle ETC)
| Limits Level 5 | Test results | Evaluation |
CO (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
NMHC (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
CH4 (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
NOX (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
PM (g/kwh) | | | Pass/Failure |
D.3.3.3. OBD Test
Test Item | Requirements | Test results | Evaluation |
… | | | |
| | | Pass/Failure |
… | | | … |
… | | | |
D.4. Conclusion:
D.4.1. Test required:
No. | Test cycle | Conclusion |
1 | Test cycle ESC | Pass/ Failure/ Not Applicable |
2 | Test cycle ELR | Pass/ Failure/ Not Applicable |
3 | Test cycle ETC | Pass/ Failure/Not Applicable |
4 | OBD Test | Pass/ Failure/ Not Applicable |
D.4.2. This vehicle was tested according to regulation QCVN 109:2021/BGTVT with regard to the emission gaseous pollutants at level 5 for newly assembly - manufactured vehicles and newly imported vehicles).
D.5. Remark:
D.5.1. The results of the test in item D.3.3 refer exclusively to sample engine with engine number mentioned in this report
D.5.2. This report accompanies with essential characteristic of vehicle and engine).
| (Date)
DIRECTOR
(signature and stamp)) |
Annex D - Appendix D1
Information involved in OBD
(For heavy reference weight vehicles)
1. The information in this appendix is submitted by the engine/vehicle manufacturer in order to facilitate the production of OBD-compatible replacement or service parts, diagnostic instruments, and test equipment, as stated in Annex C - Appendix C1 attached to this Regulation. If the information is protected by intellectual property rights or is proprietary knowledge of the manufacturer or OEM supplier(s), the engine/vehicle maker is not required to provide it.
2. This appendix shall be made nondiscriminatorily available upon request to any interested component, diagnostic tool, or test equipment manufacturer.
3. The data needed by this article must match the data in Annex C - Appendix C1, in accordance with Point 1.3.3. of that Appendix.
3.1. An explanation of the kind and quantity of pre-conditioning cycles utilized to get the vehicle's initial type approval.
3.2. An explanation of the kind of OBD demonstration cycle that was employed to get the vehicle's initial type approval for the OBD system-monitored component.
3.3. A thorough report that lists all sensed components together with the fault identification and MI activation strategy (number of driving cycles or statistical approach), along with a list of relevant secondary sensed parameters for each component the OBD system monitors. An inventory of all OBD output codes and formats employed (along with an explanation of each) in relation to certain powertrain components linked to emissions and specific components uninvolved in emissions, where the component's monitoring is used to ascertain MI activation.
Annex DD
Essential characteristic of vehicle and engine
(For vehicles or engines applying TCVN 6565:2006)
DD.1. Description of the vehicle
DD.1.1. Category of vehicle (M1, N2, ...): ..................................................................
DD.1.2. Mark/ make:............................................... ..............................
DD.1.3. Type/ model code:................................................................
DD.1.4. Name and address of manufacturer:…............
DD.2. Description of engine
DD.2.1. Mark/ make of engine: ............................................................
DD.2.2. Trade mark: ............................................ ..............
DD.2.3. Name and address of manufacturer: …….......
DD.2.4. Engine Type/ Model code/ Engine model: …........................
DD.2.5. Cycle: Four stroke/two stroke/others:……………....
DD.2.6. Bore: .............................................. ............. ..............mm
DD.2.7. Stroke: ..................................... .............................mm
DD.2.8. Cylinder capacity: .....................................................cm3
DD.2.9. Number and layout of cylinders and firing order: ............................................................... ..................................... ..........................
DD.2.10. Combustion system: description..... ............. ..................
DD.2.11. Drawings of combustion chamber and piston crown: ..................................................................... ........................... ..................
DD.2.12. Compression ratio: .......................................... ......... ........................
DD.2.13. Minimum cross-section area of inlet and outlet ports
DD.3. Cooling system: Liquid/air
DD.3.1. Characteristics of Liquid-Cooling System
DD.3.1.1. Nature of liquid:................................................................
DD.3.1.2. Circulating pump: description or make(s) and type(s)
DD.3.1.3. Radiator/ fan system: description: .......
DD.3.1.4. Drive ratio(s):.....................................................................
DD.3.1.5. Max. temperature at outlet:.....................oC
DD.3.2. Characteristics of air-cooling system
DD.3.2.1. Blower system: characteristics or make(s) and type(s):........... ......... .....................
DD.3.2.2. Drive ratio(s):......................................................................
DD.3.2.3. Temperature regulating system: Yes/No. Brief description
DD.3.2.4. Air ducting: Description: ......................... ......... .................
DD.3.2.4. Max. temperature at a characteristic place .................................... ........ ..................oC
DD.4. Air intake system and fuel feed
DD.4.1. Air Intake System
DD.4.1.1. Description and drawings of air intake system and its accessories (heating device, intake silencers air filter, etc.) or make(s) and type(s) if the test is made with complete system as supplied by the vehicle manufacturer, in a vehicle or on a test bench: .......................................................... ...
DD.4.1.2. Maximum permitted depression of air intake at a characteristic place (specify location of measurement
.................................................................................................................................... kPa
DD.4.2. Pressure charger: Yes/No
DD.4.2.1. Description of the pressure charger system:........ .
DD.4.2.2. Characteristics or make(s) and type(s): ........
DD.4.2.3. Max. temperature of the air at the outlet of the intake intercooler ............ .oC
DD.4.3. Injection System
DD.4.3.1. Low Pressure Section
DD.4.3.1.1. Fuel feed
DD.4.3.1.2. Characteristic pressure or make(s) and type(s)
DD.4.3.2. High Pressure Section
DD.4.3.2.1. Description of the injection system:
DD.4.3.2.1.1. Pump: description or make(s) and type(s)
DD.4.3.2.1.2. Delivery .... mm3 per stroke at engine speed of .... rpm at full injection or characteristic diagram ...................................... ..................................................... ................................
a. Mention the method used: on engine/on pump bench ………………………....
b. If boost control is supplied, state the characteristic fuel delivery and boost pressure versus engine speed
DD.4.3.2.1.3. Static injection timing: ...............................................
DD.4.3.2.1.4. Automatic injection advance range……..........
DD.4.3.3. Injection Piping
DD.4.3.3.1. Length: ............................................................... ...............
DD.4.3.3.2. Internal diameter: ...................................................
DD.4.3.4. Injector(s)
DD.4.3.4.1. Make(s): .............................................................................
DD.4.3.4.2. Type(s): .................................................. ...........................
DD.4.3.4.3. Opening pressure: .................................................... MPa
DD.4.3.5. Governor
DD.4.3.5.1. Description of the governor system or make(s) and type(s)
DD.4.3.5.2. Speed at which cut-off starts under full-load: rpm (maximum rated speed)
DD.4.3.5.3. Maximum no-load speed: ......................... .....r/min
DD.4.3.5.4. Idling speed: ........................... ......................r/min
DD.4.4. Cold start system:
Description or make(s) and type(s):
................................................................... ..............................................
DD.4.3.5. Additional anti-smoke devices (if any, and if not covered by another heading)
Description of characteristics)
DD.5. Valve timing
Maximum lift of valves and angles of opening and closing in relation to dead centres) (nominal values)
DD.6. Exhaust system
DD.6.1. Description of exhaust equipment if the test is made with the complete equipment provided by the engine or vehicle manufacturer
……………………………………………………………..........
DD.6.1.1. Specify the back pressure at maximum net power and the location of measurement: ....... kPa
DD.6.1.2. Indicate the effective volume of the exhaust: ……................... cm3
DD.6.2. If the test bench equipment is used, specify the back pressure at maximum net power and the location of measurement: .......................................................................................................................... kPa
Indicate the effective volume of the exhaust(1)(2): ……………………..................cm3
DD.7. Lubrication system
DD.7.1. Description of system:.. .............................................. ..................
DD.7.2. Circulating pump: Yes/No
Description or make(s) and type(s): ......................
DD.7.3. Oil cooler: Yes/No
Description or make(s) and type(s): ......................
DD.7.4. Mixture with fuel: Yes/No
Lubrication oil/fuel ratio:.............. .................
DD.8. Other engine driven auxiliaries
DD.8.1. Auxiliaries necessary for an operation of the engine on test bench, other than the fan
State characteristics, or make(s) and type(s):
............................................................................................... ..................
DD.8.1.1. Generator/ Alternator: Yes/ No: .. .......... ..................
DD.8.1.2. Others:.. ............................................................... ..................
DD.8.2. Additional auxiliaries in operation when test is conducted in a vehicle
State characteristics, or make(s) and type(s):
…………………………………………………………………………..................
DD.8.3. Transmission
State moment of inertia of combined flywheel and transmission at condition when no gear is engaged: .........................................................................................................................
Or description, make(s) and type(s) (for torque converter): .......................................................................
DD.9. Engine performance (declared by the manufacturer)
DD.9.1 Idling speed:.. .................................... ..................r/min
DD.9.2. Maximum rated speed: ............................r/min
DD.9.3. Minimum rated speed:.. ................... ..................r/min
DD.9.4. Max. net torque of engine on bench ……… Nm at ....... rpm
DD.9.5. Max. net power of engine on bench ……….. Nm at ....... rpm
Indicate power absorbed by fan: ....................kW
DD.9.6. Test on Bench
Declared powers at the points of measurement referred to in Annex C Article C2.2 standard TCVN 6565:2006 shall be stated in Table 1
Table 1: Declared speeds and powers of the engine/vehicle (3) submitted for approval
(Speeds to be agreed with the test authority)
Measurement Point (5) | Engine speed (r/min) | Power (4) (kW) |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
We undertake that this declaration document is in compliance with engine, vehicle type for type approval and we are full responsible for matter caused by wrong or lack content in this declaration.
| Date
Applicant
(Signature, stamp) |
Annex E
For vehicles or engines applying TCVN 6565:2006
(Test Report of opacity)
E.1. Vehicle and Engines
E.1.1. Category of vehicle: ……………………………………………
E.1.2. Mark or make of vehicle: ………………………………………
E.1.2.1. VIN: …………………………………………………………
E.1.3. Mark or make of engine: ……………………………………
E.1.3.1. Engine number: ……………………………………………
E.1.4. Vehicle type/model code: ……………………………………
E.1.5. Engine Type/Model code/Engine model: ……………………...
E.1.6. Importer's name and address: ………………………
E.1.7. Manufacturer's name and address: ………………………
E.1.8. Engine submitted for tests on: ………..…………
E.1.9. Testing fuel, including specifications for fuel: …………………………………………………………….
E.1.10. Additional pollution control devices (if any)
E.1.10.1. Device kind:
E.1.10.1.1. Exhaust gas recirculation- EGR: Yes/No
E.1.10.1.2. Catalystic converter: Yes/No
E.1.10.1.3. Air injection: Yes/No
E.1.10.1.4. Particulate trap: Yes/No
E.1.10.1.5. Other: Yes/No
E.1.10.2. Description of installation position: …………………….…
E.2. Opacity test
E.2.1. Applied Regulation: QCVN 109:2021/BGTVT
E.2.2. Test results
E.2.2.1. Opacity
E.2.2.1.1. Test at steady speed: Vehicle on roler dynamometer/ Engine on test bench
Measurement points | Engine Speed (r/min) | Power (kW) | Nominal flow (l/s) | Measured absorb values (m-1) | Limits | Conclusion (Pass/ Failure) |
1 | | | | | | |
2 | | | | | | |
3 | | | | | | |
4 | | | | | | |
For engine type approval, power absorbed by the fan during the tests: …………… kW
E.2.2.1.1. Test at free acceleration:
E.2.2.1.1.1. Engine test in accordance with Annex D TCVN 6565:2006
Percentage of maximum speed | Percentage of maximum torque at stated speed | Measured absorb values (m-1) | Corrected absorb values (m-1) |
100 90 100 90 100 90 | 100 100 90 90 80 80 | | |
E.2.2.1.1.2. Engine test according to Part I, or vehicle test according to Part III TCVN 6565:2006
a. Corrected absorb values:..........................m -1
b. Speed at start:.........................................................r/min
E.2.2.2. Stated net maximum power:
…………….. kW at ……………………. r/min (rpm)
E.3. Make and type of opacimeter: ……………
E.4. Principle characteristics of engine type
E.4.1. Engine working principle: ………………………
E.4.2. Cycle: …………………………….……………………
E.4.3. Number and layout of cylinders:…………………………
E.4.4. Capacity of cylinder: ………………………….. cm3
E.4.5. Fuel feed: ………………………………………………..
E.4.6. Supercharging equipment: Yes/No
E.5. Remark: the results of the test in item E.2.2.1.1.1 and E.2.2.1.1.2 refer exclusively to sample vehicle or engine with VIN and engine number (for vehicle) or engine number (for engine) mentioned in this report.
| ……. (Date)
(DIRECTOR)
(Signature and stamp) |
Annex G
Reference test fuel
G.1. Petrol (E5)
Parameter | Unit | Limits (1) | Test method |
Minimum | Maximum |
Research octane number, Ron | | 95.0 | - | EN 25164 prEN ISO 5164 |
Motor octane number, Mon | | 85.0 | - | EN 25163 prEN ISO 5163 |
Density at 15°C | kg/m3 | 743 | 756 | EN ISO 3675 EN ISO 12185 |
Vapor pressure Reid | kPa | 56 | 60 | EN-ISO 13016-1 (DVPE) |
Water content: | % v/v | - | 0.015 | ASTM E 1064 |
Evaporated at 70 °C | oC | 24 | 44 | EN-ISO 3405 |
Evaporated at 100 °C | % v/v | 48.0 | 60.0 |
Evaporated at 150 °C | % v/v | 82.0 | 90.0 |
Final boiling point | oC | 190 | 210 |
Residue | % v/v | - | 2.0 | EN-ISO 3405 |
Hydrocarbon analysis: | | | | |
-Olefins | % v/v | 3.0 | 13 | ASTM D 1319 |
-Aromatics | 29.0 | 35.0 |
-Benzene | - | 1.0 | EN 12177 |
-Saturates | Report | ASTM 1319 |
Carbon/hydrogen ratio | | Report | |
Carbon/oxygen ratio | | Report | |
Induction period(2) | minutes | 480 | - | EN-ISO 7536 |
Oxygen content(4) | % m/m | Report | EN 1601 |
Existent gum | mg/ml | - | 0.04 | EN-ISO 6246 |
Sulfur content(3) | mg/kg | - | 10 | EN ISO/ 20846 EN ISO 20884 |
Copper corrosion | | - | Class 1 | EN-ISO 2160 |
| Lead content | mg/l | - | 5 | EN 237 |
| Phosphorus content | mg/l | - | 1.3 | ASTM D 3231 |
| Ethanol(5) | % v/v | 4.7 | 5.3 | EN 1601 EN 13132 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Notes:
(1) The values stated in the specifications are "Actual Values". To establish their limit values according to ISO 4259 "Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data according to test methods" and when assigning a minimum value, taking into account differences smallest equal to 2R above 0; In assigning a maximum and minimum value, the smallest difference is 4R (R- reproducibility).
Although this measure is necessary for technical reasons, the fuel manufacturer must aim for a value of 0 where the maximum specified value is 2R and aim for the average value in the case shown the minimum and maximum limits. If it is necessary to clarify whether the fuel meets the requirements of the specification, the provisions of ISO 4259 should be applied.
(2) The fuel may contain oxidation inhibitors and metal deactivators normally used to stabilize refinery gasoline streams, but detergent/dispersive additives and solvent oils shall not be added.
(3) The actual sulfur content of the fuel used for the Type I Test shall be reported.
(4) Ethanol meeting the specification of prEn 15376 is the only oxidizing component intentionally added to the reference fuel.
(5) Do not intentionally add organic components containing phosphorus, iron, magnesium, or lead to the standard fuel.
G.2. LPG fuels
Parameter | Unit | Fuel A | Fuel B | Test method |
Composition | | | | ISO 7941 |
C3 content | per cent vol | 30 ± 2 | 85 ± 2 | |
C4 content | per cent vol | balance | balance | |
< C3; > C4 | per cent vol | max. 2 | max. 2 | |
Olefins | per cent vol | max. 12 | max. 15 | |
Evaporation residue | ppm | max. 50 | max. 50 | ISO 13757 |
Water at 0°C | | free | free | visual inspection |
Total sulfur content | mg/kg (1) | max. 50 | max. 50 | EN 24260 |
Hydrogen sulphide | | free | free | ISO 8819 | |
Copper strip corrosion | rating | Class 1 | Class 1 | ISO 6251(2) | |
Odour | | characteristics | characteristics | | |
Motor octane number | | ≥ 89 | ≥ 89 | EN 589 Annex B | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Value determined under standard conditions of 293.2 K (20 oC) and 101.3 kPa;
(2) his method may inaccurately determine the presence of corrosive material if the sample contains a corrosion inhibitor or other substance that reduces the sample's corrosivity to the copper strip. Therefore, adding such compounds to adversely affect this method is prohibited.
G.3. NG fuels
G.3.1. G20 fuel
Parameter | Unit | Basis | Limits | Test method |
Minimum | Maximum |
Composition: | | | | | |
Methane | % mole | 100 | 99 | 100 | ISO 6974 |
Balance(1) | % mole | - | - | 1 |
N2 | % mole | | | |
Sulfur content | mg/m3 (2) | - | - | 10 | ISO 6326-5 |
Wobbe index
(net) | MJ/m3 (3) | 48.2 | 47.2 | 49.2 | |
G.3.2. G25 fuel
Parameter | Unit | Basis | Limits | Test method |
Minimum | Maximum |
Composition: | | | | | |
Methane | % mole | 86 | 84 | 88 | ISO 6974 |
Balance(1) | % mole | - | - | 1 |
N2 | % mole | 14 | 12 | 16 |
Sulfur content | mg/m3 (2) | - | - | 10 | ISO 6326-5 |
Wobbe index
(net) | MJ/m3 (3) | 39.4 | 38.2 | 40.6 | |
Notes:
(1) Inerts (different from N2) +C2+ /C2+.
(2) Value to be determined at standard conditions (293.2 K (20 °C) and 101.3 kPa).
(3) Value to be determined at standard conditions (273.2 K (0 °C) and 101.3 kPa).
Wobbe index refers to the ratio of the corresponding calorific value of a gas per unit volume and the square root of its relative density under the same reference conditions:
In which:
Hgas = Calorific value of MJ/m3 at 0oC
ρair = Density of air at 0oC.
ρgas = Density of gas at 0oC
Wobbe index is the gross or net index corresponding to the gross or net calorific value.
G.4. B5 diesel
Parameter | Unit | Limits (1) | Test method |
Minimum | Maximum |
Cetene number (2) | | 52.0 | 54.0 | EN-ISO 5165 |
Density at 15°C | kg/m3 | 833 | 837 | EN-ISO 3675 |
Distillation: | | | | |
- 50 % vol | oC | 245 | | EN-ISO 3405 |
- 95 % vol | oC | 345 | 350 |
- final boiling point | oC | - | 370 |
Flash point | oC | 55 | - | EN 22719 |
CFPP | oC | - | -5 | EN 116 |
Kinematic viscosity at 40 °C | mm2/s | 2.3 | 3.3 | EN-ISO 3104 |
Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons | per cent m/m | 2.0 | 6.0 | IP 391 |
Sulfur content(3) | mg/kg | - | 10 | Pr. EN ISO/DIS 14596 |
Copper corrosion | | - | Class 1 | EN-ISO 2160 |
Carbon residue (10 % DR) | per cent m/m | - | 0.2 | EN-ISO 13070 |
Ash content | per cent m/m | - | 0.01 | EN-ISO 6145 |
Water content | per cent m/m | - | 0.02 | EN-ISO 12937 |
Neutralisation number | mg KOH/g | - | 0.02 | ASTM D 97495 |
Oxidation stability (4) | mg/ml | - | 0.025 | EN-ISO 12205 |
Lubricity (HFRR at 60 °C) Oxidation stability FAME (5) | µm h per cent vol | - 20 4.5 | 400 5.5 | CEC F-06-A-96 EN 14112 EN 14078 |
Notes
(1) The values stated in the specifications are "Actual Values". To establish their limit values according to ISO 4259 "Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data according to test methods" and when assigning a minimum value, taking into account differences smallest equal to 2R above 0; In assigning a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R - reproducibility).
Although this measure is necessary for technical reasons, the fuel manufacturer must aim for a value of 0 where the maximum specified value is 2R and aim for the average value in the case shown. minimum and maximum limits. If it is necessary to clarify whether the fuel meets the requirements of the specification, the provisions of ISO 4259 should be applied.
(2) The cetane number range does not comply with the requirements of the minimum range of 4R. However, in cases of dispute between fuel supplier and user, the terminology in ISO 4529 can be used to resolve such disputes, simulated measurements are provided. in quantities sufficient to achieve the required accuracy are preferred over single determinations.
(3) The actual sulfur content of the fuel used for the Type I Test shall be reported.
(4) Although antioxidant properties are controlled, its shelf life may be limited. Suppliers should advise on storage conditions and shelf life.
(5) The FAME component meets the technical requirements according to the provisions of EN 14214.
(6) Oxidative stability can be demonstrated using EN-ISO 12205 or EN 14112. This requirement shall be evaluated against CEN/TC19 for oxidative stability and test limits.
G.5. Ethanol E85
Parameter | Unit | Limits (1) | Test method(2) |
Minimum | Maximum |
Research octane number, RON | | 95.0 | - | ISO 5164 |
Motor octane number, Mon | | 85.0 | - | ISO 5163 |
Density at 15°C | kg/m3 | Report | ISO 3675 |
Vapor pressure Reid | kPa | 40.0 | 60.0 | EN-ISO 13016-1 (DVPE) |
Sulfur content(3)(4) | mg/kg | - | 10 | ISO 20846 ISO 20884 |
Oxidation stability | min | 360 | - | ISO 7536 |
Existent gum content | mg/ml | - | 0.05 | ISO 6246 |
Appearance At ambient temperature or 15 °C | | Clear and bright, visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants | Visual inspection |
Ethanol(7) | % V/V | 83 | 85 | EN 1601 EN 13132 EN 14517 |
Higher alcohols (C3-C8) | % V/V | - | 2.0 | |
Methanol | % V/V | - | 0.5 | |
Petrol (5) | % V/V | Balance | EN 228 |
Phosphorus | mg/l | 0.3(6) | ASTM D 3231 |
Water content | % V/V | - | 0.3 | ASTM E 1064 |
Inorganic chloride content | mg/l | - | 1 | ISO 6227 |
pHe | | 6.5 | 9.0 | ASTM D 6423 |
Copper strip corrosion (3h at 50 °C) | Rating | Class 1 | - | ISO 2160 |
Acidity (as acetic acid CH3COOH) | %m/m (mg/l) | - | 0.005 (40) | ASTM D 1613 |
Carbon/hydrogen ratio | | Report | |
Carbon/oxygen ration | | Report | |
Notes:
(1) The values stated in the specifications are "Actual Values". In establishing their limit values applied the terminology of ISO 4259 "Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data relating to test methods" and in fixing a small value minimum, taking into account a minimum difference of 2R above the zero point; In fixing a maximum and minimum value, the smallest difference is 4R (R - regeneration ability).
Despite this measure, necessary for technical reasons, the fuel processing facility still aims at a value of 0 where the maximum value is specified as 2R and towards the average value in the case of quote the minimum and maximum limits. It is necessary to demonstrate whether the fuel meets regulatory requirements, using ISO 4259 terminology.
(2) In case of dispute, the procedure specified in ISO 4259 shall be used and the dispute resolution and interpretation of results shall be based on the accuracy of the test method.
(3) In cases of national dispute concerning sulfur content, either EN ISO 20846 or EN ISO 20884 shall be called up similar to the reference in the national annex of EN 228.
(4) The actual sulfur content of the fuel used for the Type I Test shall be reported
(5) The unleaded petrol content can be determined as 100 minus the sum of the percentage content of water and alcohols.
(6) There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference fuel.
(7) Ethanol to meet specification of prEN 15376 is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to this reference fuel.
Annex H
Flow chart for Type I type approval for light reference mass vehicles
Annex K
Requirements for vehicles that use a reagent for the exhaust after-treatment system
K.1. Introduction
This annex sets out the requirements for vehicles that use catalysts in their exhaust aftertreatment systems to reduce emissions.
K.2. Reagent indication
The vehicle shall include a specific indicator on the dashboard that informs the driver of low levels of reagent in the reagent storage tank and of when the reagent tank becomes empty.
K.3. Driver warning system
K.3.1. Each vehicle must have a warning system that includes a visual warning to the driver when the catalyst level is low, the catalyst tank needs to be refilled soon or the catalyst solution does not meet the quality required by the manufacturer. The warning system may have additional audio warning devices.
K.3.2. The warning system shall escalate in intensity as the reagent approaches empty. It shall culminate in a driver notification that cannot be easily defeated or ignored. It shall not be possible to turn off the system until the reagent has been replenished.
K.3.3. The visual warning shall display a message indicating a low level of reagent. The warning shall not be the same as the warning used for the purposes of OBD or other engine maintenance. The warning shall be sufficiently clear for the driver to understand that the reagent level is low (for example, urea level low, AdBlue level low , or reagent low ).
K.3.4. The warning system does not initially need to be continuously activated; however, the warning shall escalate so that it becomes continuous as the level of the reagent approaches the point where the driver inducement system in Article K.8 comes into effect. An explicit warning shall be displayed (for example, fill up urea ', fill up AdBlue, or fill up reagent ). The continuous warning system may be temporarily interrupted by other warning signals providing important safety related messages.
K.3.5. The warning system shall activate at a distance equivalent to a driving range of at least 2,400 km in advance of the reagent tank becoming empty.
K.4. Identification of incorrect reagent (as recommended by the manufacturer)
K.4.1. The vehicle shall include a refers to of determining that a reagent corresponding to the characteristics declared by the manufacturer and recorded in Annex A attached to this Regulation is present on the vehicle.
K.4.2. If the reagent in the storage tank does not correspond to the minimum requirements declared by the manufacturer the driver warning system in Article 3. shall be activated and shall display a message indicating an appropriate warning (for example, incorrect urea detected, incorrect AdBlue detected, or incorrect reagent detected). If the reagent quality is not rectified within 50 km of the activation of the warning system then the driver inducement requirements of Article K.8 shall apply.
K.5. Reagent consumption monitoring
K.5.1. The vehicle shall include a refers to of determining reagent consumption and providing off-board access to consumption information.
K.5.2. The average catalyst consumption and average catalyst consumption required by the engine system shall be accessible through the data port of the standard diagnostic jack. The data must be complete for the vehicle's immediately preceding 2,400 km run period.
K.5.3. In order to monitor reagent consumption, at least the following parameters within the vehicle shall be monitored:
K.5.3.1. The level of reagent in the on-vehicle storage tank;
K.5.3.2. The flow of reagent or injection of reagent as close as technically possible to the point of injection into an exhaust after-treatment system.
K.5.4. A deviation of more than 50 % between the average reagent consumption and the average demanded reagent consumption by the engine system over a period of 30 minutes of vehicle operation, shall result in the activation of the driver warning system in Article 3., which shall display a message indicating an appropriate warning (for example, urea dosing malfunction , AdBlue dosing malfunction , or reagent dosing malfunction ). If the reagent consumption is not rectified within 50 km of the activation of the warning system then the driver inducement requirements of Article K.8 shall apply.
K.5.5. In case the consumption of the catalyst is interrupted, the driver warning system, as specified in Article K.3 of this Annex shall be activated and display the appropriate warning. This activation is not required if the ECU performs the interrupt, since the vehicle is operating under conditions where vehicle emissions control does not require the use of a catalyst, provided that the manufacturer is clearly indicated when those operating conditions occur.
K.6. Monitoring NOx emissions
K.6.1. As an alternative to the monitoring requirements in Articles K.4 and K.5, manufacturers may use exhaust gas sensors directly to sense excess NOx levels in the exhaust.
K.6.2. The manufacturer shall demonstrate that use of these sensors, and any other sensors on the vehicle, results in the activation of the driver warning system as referred to in Article 3., the display of a message indicating an appropriate warning (for example, emissions too high – check urea , emissions too high – check AdBlue , emissions too high – check reagent ), and the driver inducement system as referred to in Article 8.3., when the situations referred to in Article 4.2., 5.4. or 5.5. occur.
K.7. Storage of failure information (as recommended by the manufacturer or importer)
K.7.1. An indelible PID parameter identification device is used to store the cause for activating the driver guidance device. Each vehicle will have to have a PID device to record the start times of the driver guidance device for at least 800 days or 30,000 km of vehicle driving. Access to the PID device will be through the data port of the standard diagnostic jack required by the generic scan tool.
K.7.2. Malfunctions in the reagent dosing system attributed to technical failures (for example, mechanical or electrical faults) shall also be subject to the OBD requirements in Annex K attached to TCVN 6785:2015.
K.8. Driver inducement system (as recommended by the manufacturer or importer)
K.8.1. The vehicle shall include a driver inducement system to ensure that the vehicle operates with a functioning emissions control system at all times. The inducement system shall be designed so as to ensure that the vehicle cannot operate with an empty reagent tank.
K.8.2. The inducement system shall activate at the latest when the level of reagent in the tank reaches a level equivalent to the average driving range of the vehicle with a complete tank of fuel.
K.8.3. The manufacturer shall select which type of inducement system to install. The options for a system are specified at Points K.8.3.1., 8.3.2., 8.3.3. and 8.3.5 of this Annex.
K.8.3.1. The option “Engine cannot be started after countdown” allows counting down the number of restarts or counting down the distance that can be traveled when the driver guidance system is activated. Countdown is not counted for motors started by a control system such as a start-stop system. Once the driver guidance system is activated, engine restart will be immediately prevented if either of the following occurs, whichever occurs first:
K.8.3.1.1. The reagent tank becomes empty;
K.8.3.1.2. A distance equivalent to a complete tank of fuel has been exceeded since the activation of the inducement system.
K.8.3.2. A no start after refueling system results in a vehicle being unable to start after refueling if the inducement system has activated.
K.8.3.3. A fuel-lockout approach prevents the vehicle from being refueled by locking the fuel filler system after the inducement system activates. The lockout system shall be robust to prevent it being tampered with.
K.8.3.4. A performance restriction approach restricts the speed of the vehicle after the inducement system activates. The level of speed limitation shall be noticeable to the driver and significantly reduce the maximum speed of the vehicle. Such limitation shall enter into operation gradually or after an engine start. Shortly before engine restarts are prevented, the speed of the vehicle must not exceed 50 km/h. Engine restarts shall be prevented immediately after the reagent tank becomes empty or a distance equivalent to a complete tank of fuel has been exceeded since the activation of inducement system, whichever occurs earlier.
K.8.4. Once the inducement system has fully activated and disabled the vehicle, the inducement system shall only be deactivated if the quantity of reagent added to the vehicle is equivalent to 2,400 km average driving range, or the failures specified in Articles K.4, K.5, or K.6 have been rectified. After a repair has been carried out to correct a fault where the OBD system has been triggered under Point K.7.2., the inducement system may be reinitialized via the OBD serial port (for example, by a generic scan tool) to enable the vehicle to be restarted for self-diagnosis purposes. The vehicle shall operate for a maximum of 50 km to enable the success of the repair to be validated. The inducement system shall be fully reactivated if the fault persists after this validation.
K.8.5. The driver warning system referred to in Article K.3 shall display a message indicating clearly:
K.8.5.1. The number of remaining restarts and/or the remaining distance;
K.8.5.1. The conditions under which the vehicle can be restarted.
K.8.6. The driver guidance system must be deactivated when the conditions that allow it to activate no longer exist. The driver guidance system must not automatically stop operating without any reason.
K.8.7. Detailed information fully describing the functional characteristics of the driver guidance system must be provided at the time of certification.
K.8.8. The manufacturer must explain the operation of the warning system and driver guidance system. This is part of the certification requirements of this Regulation.
K.9. Information requirements
K.9.1. Manufacturers must provide new vehicle owners with information about the emissions control system. This information must state that if the emissions control system is not operating properly, the warning system will notify the driver of the error and the guidance system will prevent the vehicle from starting.
K.9.2. The instructions shall indicate requirements for the proper use and maintenance of vehicles, including the proper use of consumable reagents.
K.9.3. The instructions shall clearly state that the consumable catalyst must be refilled during each routine maintenance by the driver. They must instruct the driver how to fill the catalyst tank. The displayed information should also indicate the relative catalyst consumption and the replenishment interval.
K.9.4. The instructions shall specify that use of, and refilling of, a required reagent of the correct specifications is mandatory for the vehicle to comply with the certificate of conformity issued for that vehicle type.
K.9.5. The instructions shall state that it may be a criminal offence to use a vehicle that does not consume any reagent if it is required for the reduction of emissions.
K.9.6. The instructions shall explain how the warning system and driver inducement systems work. In addition, the consequences of ignoring the warning system and not replenishing the reagent shall be explained.
K.10. Operating conditions of the after-treatment system
Manufacturer must ensure that the emission control system always operates under all external environmental conditions, especially in low ambient temperature conditions. At the same time, there must be a method to prevent the catalyst from freezing when the vehicle is parked for 7 days at a temperature of 258 K (-15°C) and the catalyst tank is 50% full. If catalysts are frozen, the manufacturer must ensure that these catalysts are ready for use 20 minutes after starting the machine at 258 K(-15°C), to ensure the correct operation of the post-discharge treatment system.
Annex L
Test type V for Light reference mass vehicles
(Description of the endurance test for verifying the durability of pollution control devices)
L.1. Introduction
L.1.1. This annex described the test for verifying the durability of anti-pollution devices equipping vehicles with positive-ignition or compression-ignition engines. The durability requirements shall be demonstrated using one of the three options specified in Points L.1.2, L.1.3. and L.1.4.
L.1.2. The whole vehicle durability test represents an ageing test of 160,000 km. This test is to be performed driven on a test track, on the road, or on a chassis dynamometer.
L.1.3. The manufacturer may choose to use a bench ageing durability test.
L.1.4. As an alternative to durability testing, a manufacturer may choose to apply the assigned deterioration factors from Table 3 Point 2.6 Article 2 part II of this Regulation.
L.1.5. At the request of the manufacturer or importer, the test facility may conduct type V test using the deterioration factors from Table 3 Point 2.6 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation. On completion of the whole vehicle or bench ageing durability test, the technical service may then amend the type approval results recorded in Annex 2 of this Regulation by replacing the assigned deterioration factors in the above table with those measured in the whole vehicle or bench ageing durability test.
L.1.6. Deterioration factors are determined using either the procedures specified in Points L.1.2. and L.1.3. or using the assigned values in the table referred in sub-paragraph L.1.4. The deterioration factors are used to establish compliance with the requirements of the appropriate emissions limits specified in Tables 1 and 2 of this Regulation during the useful life of the vehicle.
L.2. Technical requirements
L.2.1. As an alternative to the operating cycle specified in Article 6.1. for the whole vehicle durability test, the vehicle manufacturer may use Standard Road Cycle (SRC) specified in Appendix L3 of this annex. This test cycle shall be conducted until the vehicle has covered a minimum of 160,000 km.
L.2.2. Bench Ageing Durability Test
L.2.2.1. Apart from the technical requirements for the bench ageing test specified in Point L.1.3., the technical requirements specified in this section shall apply.
L.2.2.2. The fuel to be used during the test shall be the one specified in Article L.4. of this Annex.
L.2.2.3. Vehicles with Positive Ignition Engines
L.2.2.3.1. The following aging procedure on the test bench will be applied to vehicles equipped with spark ignition engines (including Hybrid vehicles) equipped with catalytic converters, which are considered the vehicle's after-exhaust treatment device.
The bench aging procedure requires the installation of a catalytic converter system with an oxygen sensor on the catalytic converter aging bench.
Bench aging must be carried out according to the standard bench aging cycle (SBC) within the time period calculated from the bench aging time (BAT) equation. The BAT equation requires (input parameter) catalytic converter time-temperature data measured on the standard on-curve cycle (SRC), specified in Annex L - Appendix L3 of the Code This.
L.2.2.3.2. Standard bench cycle (SBC).
Standard catalyst bench ageing shall be conducted following the SBC. The SBC shall be run for the period of time calculated from the BAT equation. The SBC is specified in Appendix L1 of this annex.
L.2.2.3.3. Catalyst time-at-temperature data.
Catalyst temperature shall be measured during at least two full cycles of the SRC cycle as specified in Appendix L.3 of this annex.
Catalyst temperature shall be measured at the highest temperature location in the hottest catalyst on the test vehicle. Alternatively, the temperature may be measured at another location providing that it is adjusted to represent the temperature measured at the hottest location using good engineering judgement.
Catalyst temperature shall be measured at a minimum rate of one hertz (one measurement per second). The measured catalyst temperature results shall be tabulated into a histogram with temperature groups of no larger than 25 °C.
L.2.2.3.4. Bench-ageing time.
The aging time on the test bench will be calculated using the test bench aging time (BAT) equation as follows:
te for a temperature chamber = th * ((R / Tr) - (R / Tv))
Total te is the sum of te across all temperature groups
Aging time on bench = A * (Total)
In which:
A is the catalytic converter aging time correction calculated for degradation from sources other than thermal aging of the catalytic converter. A = 1.1.
R is the thermal activity of the catalytic converter = 17,500
th is the time (hours) measured within the specified temperature range of the catalytic converter temperature chart adjusted to full base life. For example: the chart shows 400 km and the endurance is 160,000 km, so the total chart time is multiplied by 400 (=160,000/400).
Total te is the equivalent time (in hours) to age the catalytic converter at the temperature of Tr on the catalytic converter aging test bench, using the catalytic converter aging cycle to calculate The degradation level is similar to that of the catalytic converter due to deheating at Tv temperature over the entire 160,000 km trip.
Equivalent time (in hours) to age the catalyst at temperature Tr on a catalyst aging bench using a catalyst aging cycle to produce the same amount of catalyst degradation due to Thermal inactivation over 160,000 km.
te for a chamber in equivalent time (in hours) to age the catalytic converter at the temperature of Tr on the catalytic converter aging test bench using the catalytic converter aging cycle to produces the same amount of catalytic converter degradation due to thermal deactivation over 160,000 km.
Tr is the effective reference temperature (in K) of the catalytic converter on the catalytic converter aging test bench during the catalytic converter aging cycle. The effective temperature is a constant temperature, which produces aging similar to that produced at different temperatures during the bench aging cycle.
Tv is the midpoint temperature (K) of the catalytic converter temperature chamber when the vehicle is running on the road.
L.2.2.3.5. Effective reference temperature on the SBC.
The effective reference temperature of the standard bench cycle (SBC) shall be determined for the actual catalyst system design and actual ageing bench which will be used using the following procedures:
L.2.2.3.5.1. Measure the temperature over time of the catalytic converter system in the catalytic converter aging test method on the test bench according to the SBC cycle. The catalytic converter temperature must be measured at the point of highest temperature of the hottest catalytic converter in the catalytic converter system. Or the temperature can be measured at another point as long as it is adjusted to correspond to the temperature measured at the hottest point.
The catalytic converter temperature must be measured with a frequency of at least 1Hz (01 measurement/second) for at least 20 minutes according to the test bench aging test method. The measured catalytic converter temperature value must be plotted in a bar chart with groups no greater than 10°C.
L.2.2.3.5.2. The BAT equation must be used to calculate the effective reference temperature by repeatedly varying the reference temperature (Tr) until the calculated aging time is not less than the actual time shown in the chart of catalytic converter temperature. The calculated temperature result is the effective reference temperature in the SBC cycle for the catalytic converter system and the aging test method on that test bench.
L.2.2.3.6. Catalyst Ageing Bench
The catalytic converter aging test method on the test bench must be based on the SBC cycle and provide appropriate exhaust gas flow, exhaust gas composition and exhaust gas temperature at the catalytic converter inlet.
All bench aging test equipment and procedures must have appropriate information recorded (e.g. measured air mixture ratio and catalytic converter temperature values over time) to ensure that aging actually takes place.
L.2.2.3.7. Required Testing
To calculate the reduction factors, at least two type I tests must be performed before aging the pollution control equipment hardware on the test bench, and after aging is complete, install the pollution control hardware to the vehicle and continue to perform at least two more type I tests.
The manufacturer can perform additional testing. The calculation of the reduction coefficient is based on the calculation method stated in Article L.7 of this Annex.
L.2.2.4. Vehicles with Compression Ignition Engines
L.2.2.4.1 The aging procedure on the test bench below applies to vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines (including Hybrid vehicles).
The aging process on the test bench requires the installation of a post-discharge treatment system on the post-discharge treatment system aging test bench.
Bench aging is performed according to the standard diesel bench cycle (SDBC) with the number of regeneration/desulfurization times calculated from the bench aging endurance (BAD) equation.
L.2.2.4.2. Standard Diesel Bench Cycle (SDBC).
Aging on a standard test bench is carried out according to the SDBC cycle. The SDBC cycle must be run for the time calculated from the BAD equation. The SDBC cycle is described in Annex L - Appendix L2 of this Regulation.
L.2.2.4.3. Regeneration data
The time between regenerations must be measured for at least 10 full cycles of the SRC cycle as described in Annex L - Appendix L3 of this Regulation. Instead, Ki-defined intervals can be used. If applicable, desulfurization intervals will also be considered based on manufacturer data.
L.2.2.4.4. Diesel bench-ageing duration
The aging time on the test bench is calculated using the BAD equation as follows:
Aging time on test bench = duration of regeneration or desulfurization cycles (whichever is longer) equivalent to 160,000 km of travel.
L.2.2.4.5. Ageing Bench
The bench aging test method must follow the SDBC cycle and provide appropriate exhaust gas flow, exhaust gas composition and exhaust gas temperature to the catalytic converter inlet.
The manufacturer must record the number of regenerations or desulfurizations (if any) to ensure that aging has actually occurred.
L.2.2.4.6. Required Testing
To calculate the reduction factors, at least two type I tests must be performed before aging the pollution control hardware on the test bench, and after aging is complete, install the pollution control hardware. Return to the vehicle and continue performing at least two more Type I tests.
Additional testing may be performed by the manufacturer. The calculation of reduction factors must be carried out according to the calculation method stated in Article L.7 of this Annex.
L.3. Test vehicle
The test vehicle must be in good mechanical condition; Engines and pollution control devices must be new. The vehicle may be a type I test vehicle; This test must be performed after the vehicle has run at least 3,000 km in the cycle stated in point L.6.1 of this Appendix.
L.4. Fuel
Endurance testing must be performed with fuel that complies with current Fuel Regulations and is commercially available.
L.5. Vehicle maintenance and adjustments
Maintenance, adjustment and use of control mechanisms of the test vehicle must comply with the manufacturer's recommendations.
L.6. Vehicle operation on track, road or on chassis dynamometer
L.6.1. Operating cycle
During vehicle operation on the test track, on the road or on the test bench, the driving distance must follow the vehicle driving schedule as shown in Figure L.1 below:
Figure L.1. Driving schedule
L.6.1.1. The endurance test schedule includes 11 cycles covering 6 km each.
L.6.1.2. During the first nine cycles, the vehicle was stopped four times in the middle of the cycle, with the engine idling for 15 seconds each time.
L.6.1.3. Accelerate and decelerate normally.
L.6.1.4. There are five decelerations in the middle of each cycle, reducing from the maximum speed of each cycle to 32 km/h and the vehicle is gradually accelerated again until the maximum speed of the cycle is reached.
L.6.1.5. The 10th cycle must be performed at a steady speed of 89 km/h.
L.6.1.7. The 11th cycle must start with maximum acceleration from a stop of up to 113 km/h. At the halfway point, apply the brakes normally until the vehicle stops. This is followed by a 15-second idle period and a second acceleration to maximum speed.
After that, the schedule starts again from the beginning.
The maximum speed of each cycle is given in the following Table:
Table L.1. Maximum speed of each cycle
Cycle | Cycle speed in km/h |
1 | 64 |
2 | 48 |
3 | 64 |
4 | 64 |
5 | 56 |
6 | 48 |
7 | 56 |
8 | 72 |
9 | 56 |
10 | 89 |
11 | 113 |
L.6.2. Durability testing, or if the manufacturer has selected it, modified durability testing must be conducted until the vehicle is guaranteed to have been driven at least 100,000 miles.
L.3. Test equipment
L.6.3.1. Chassis dynamometer
L.6.3.1.1. When durability testing is performed on a test bench, the test bench must allow the cycle to be performed as specified in point L.6.1 of this Appendix. In particular, it must be equipped with systems that simulate inertia and resistance when the vehicle is running.
L.6.3.1.2. The brake mechanism on the test bench must be adjusted to absorb the power used on the driving wheels at a steady speed of 80 km/h. The methods applied to determine this capacity and to adjust the brake mechanism must be the same as those described in Appendix D - Appendix D7 attached to TCVN 6785:2015.
L.6.3.1.3. The vehicle cooling system should enable the vehicle to operate at temperatures similar to those obtained on road (oil, water, exhaust system, etc.).
L.6.3.1.4. Certain other test bench adjustments and features are deemed to be identical, where necessary, to those specified in Annex D attached to TCVN 6785:2015 (inertia, for example, which may be mechanical or electronic).
L.6.3.2. Operation on track or road
When endurance testing is completed on a test track or road, the vehicle's reference mass must be at least equal to the reference mass used for the tests performed on the test bench.
L.7. Measuring emissions of pollutants
At the start of the test (0 km), and every 10,000 km (±400 km) or more frequently, at regular intervals until having covered 160,000 km, exhaust emissions are measured in accordance with the Type I Test as specified at Point 5.3.1. of TCVN 6785:2015. The limit values to be complied with are those set out in Tables 1 and 2 Article 2 Part II of this Regulation. In case of vehicles equipped with periodically regenerating systems as specified in Article 4.58. Part I of this Regulation, it shall be checked that the vehicle is not approaching a regeneration period. If this is the case, the vehicle must be driven until the end of the regeneration. If a regeneration occurs during the emissions measurement, a new test (including preconditioning) shall be performed, and the first result not taken into account.
All emissions results shall be plotted as a function of the distance run on the system, rounded to the nearest kilometer, and a straight line of best fit applying the least squares method shall be drawn through all these data points. This calculation does not take into account the test results at 0 km.
The data can be accepted for use in calculating the attenuation factor only if the points 6,400 km and 160,000 km interpolated on this line are within the above limits.
The data is still accepted when the best-fit line passing the applied limit has a negative slope (the 6,400 km interpolation point is higher than the 160,000 km interpolation point) but the actual 160,000 km data point is below the limit.
The multiple emission reduction coefficient is calculated for each pollutant as follows:
In which:
Mi1 = mass emission of the pollutant i in g/km interpolated to 6,400 km;
Mi2 = mass emission of the pollutant i in g/km interpolated to 160,000 km.
These interpolated values are performed to a minimum of 4 decimal places before entering the formula to determine the attenuation factor. Results will be rounded to 3 decimal places.
A reduction coefficient less than 01 is considered equal to 01. According to the requirements of the wastewater treatment facility, the additional emission reduction coefficient must be calculated for each pollutant as follows:
D. E. F. = Mi2 – Mi
Annex L - Appendix L1
Standard Bench Cycle (SBC)
1. Introduction
The standard aging process includes aging the catalytic converter and oxygen sensor systems according to the standard bench cycle (SBC) described in this Appendix. The SBC cycle requires the use of aging equipment and an engine that supplies exhaust gases to the catalytic converter. The SBC cycle takes place in 60 seconds and is repeated until the required aging time is reached. The SBC cycle is determined based on the temperature of the catalytic converter, the air-mix ratio (A/F), and the amount of auxiliary air injection in front of the first catalytic converter.
2. Catalyst Temperature Control
2.1. The catalytic converter temperature must be measured at the point of highest temperature in the hottest space inside the catalytic converter. Or you can measure the exhaust gas temperature and then infer the catalytic converter temperature by linearly calculating the correlation data on the catalytic converter design and the aging bench used.
2.2. To control the catalytic converter temperature during ideal operation (seconds 01 to 40 of the cycle) to a minimum temperature of 800°C (±10°C) by selecting speed, load and time suitable ignition point for the engine. To control the catalytic converter to reach a maximum temperature of 890°C (±10°C) during the cycle, the appropriate air mixture ratio must be selected during the “rich” period as described in the table below.
2.3. If the minimum temperature of the catalytic converter differs from the accepted value of 800°C, the maximum temperature must be higher than the minimum temperature of 90°C.
Time (seconds) | Engine Air/Fuel Ratio | Secondary Air Injection |
01 - 40 | Stoichiometric with load, spark timing and engine speed controlled to achieve a minimum catalyst temperature of 800 °C | None |
41 - 45 | Rich (A/F ratio selected to achieve a maximum catalyst temperature over the entire cycle of 890 °C or 90 °C higher than lower control temperature) | None |
46 - 55 | Rich (A/F ratio selected to achieve a maximum catalyst temperature over the entire cycle of 890 °C or 90 °C higher than lower control temperature) | 03% (±01%) |
56-60 | Stoichiometric with load, spark timing and engine speed controlled to achieve a minimum catalyst temperature of 800 °C | 03% (±01%) |
3. Ageing Bench Equipment and Procedures
3.1. Ageing Bench Configuration
The aging bench must provide suitable exhaust gas flow, temperature, air mixture ratio, exhaust gas composition and auxiliary air injection volume at the catalytic converter inlet.
The standard ageing bench consists of an engine, engine controller, and engine dynamometer. Other configurations may be acceptable (for example, whole vehicle on a dynamometer, or a burner that provides the correct exhaust conditions), as long as the catalyst inlet conditions and control features specified in this appendix are met.
Bill aging equipment can divide the exhaust gas flow into multiple streams, as long as each exhaust gas stream meets the requirements stated in this Annex. If the equipment can produce multiple exhaust streams, the multiple catalytic converter system can be aged simultaneously.
3.2. Exhaust System Installation
The entire system of catalytic converter(s) and oxygen sensor(s) along with exhaust gas piping must be installed on the aging equipment. For engines with multiple exhaust streams (such as V6 or V8 engines), each cylinder bank must be installed separately on a test bench arranged in parallel.
For exhaust systems consisting of multiple in-line catalytic converters, the entire catalytic converter system, including: the entire catalytic converter, all oxygen sensors, and associated exhaust manifolds, will be installed as a unified block for aging. Or, each catalytic converter can be aged separately for a suitable period of time.
3.3. Temperature Measurement
The catalytic converter temperature shall be measured with a thermocouple placed at the point of highest temperature inside the hottest catalytic converter. Alternatively, the supply gas temperature can be measured at the point just before entering the catalytic converter intake, and then converted to the temperature inside the catalytic converter by linear transformation from the correlated data. obtained based on the design of the catalytic converter and the bench aging test method used. The catalytic converter temperature must be stored at a rate of 01 Hz (1 measurement/second).
3.4. Air/Fuel Measurement
Provisions must be made to measure the A/F ratio (e.g., wideband oxygen sensor) as close as possible to the inlet and outlet flanges of the catalytic converter. Data from sensors must be saved at a rate of 01 Hz (1 measurement/second).
3.5. Exhaust Flow Balance
Preparations must be made to ensure that a reasonable mass of exhaust gas (measured in grams/second with a tolerance of ±05 grams/second) flows through each catalytic converter system aging on the test bench.
Reasonable flow rate is based on the actual exhaust flow of the original engine installed on the vehicle, at steady state engine speed and pre-selected load according to point 3.6 of this Annex.
3.6. Setup
The engine speed, load, and spark timing are selected to achieve a catalyst bed temperature of 800 °C (±10 °C) at steady-state stoichiometric operation.
The air injection system is set to provide the necessary air flow to produce 3.0 % oxygen (±0.1 %) in the steady-state stoichiometric exhaust stream just in front of the first catalyst. A typical reading at the upstream A/F measurement point (required in Article 5) is lambda 1.16 (which is approximately 3 % oxygen).
With the air injection on, set the Rich A/F ratio to produce a catalyst bed temperature of 890 °C (±10 °C). A typical A/F value for this step is lambda 0.94 (approximately 2 % CO).
3.7. Ageing Cycle
The standard bench aging procedure uses the Standard Bench Aging Cycle (SBC). The SBC cycle is repeated until the aging amount calculated using the ice aging time (BAT) equation is achieved.
3.8. Quality Assurance
The temperatures and A/F ratio in Articles 3.3. and 3.4. of this appendix shall be reviewed periodically (at least every 50 hours) during ageing. Necessary adjustments shall be made to assure that the SBC is being appropriately followed throughout the ageing process.
After the aging process is completed, the temperature values versus time of the catalytic converter obtained during the aging process must be tabulated as a bar chart with temperature groups not greater than 10°C. The BAT equation and the effective reference temperature values calculated during the aging cycle mentioned in point L.2.2.3.4 Annex L must be used to determine whether the catalytic converter aging heat has been met. request or not. The aging on the test bench must be prolonged if the calculated heat does not reach 95% of the required aging heat.
3.9. Startup and Shutdown
Care should be taken to assure that the maximum catalyst temperature for rapid deterioration (for example, 1050 ° C) does not occur during startup or shutdown. Special low temperature startup and shutdown procedures may be used to alleviate this concern.
4. Experimentally Determining the R-Factor for Bench Ageing Durability Procedures
The R-Factor is the catalyst thermal reactivity coefficient used in the bench ageing time (BAT) equation. Manufacturers may determine the value of R experimentally using the following procedures.
4.1 Using the bench aging cycle and appropriate bench aging test hardware, age several catalytic converters (minimum three, of the same design) at different temperatures between normal operating temperature and damage limit temperature. Measure the emissions or catalytic converter inactivation (catalytic converter efficiency) of each exhaust component. Ensure that the final test will result in a value between one and two times the emission standard.
4.2. Estimate the value of R and calculate the effective reference temperature (Tr) for the bench ageing cycle for each control temperature according to Point 2.2.3.4. of Annex L.
4.3. Plot emissions (or catalytic converter inefficiencies) versus aging time for each catalytic converter. Calculate the appropriate straight line using the least squares method through the data. For the dataset to be useful for this purpose, the data must have a common intercept between 0 and 6,400 km. See illustration in the chart below.
4.4. Calculate the slope of the best-fit line for each ageing temperature
4.5. Draw the natural logarithm (ln) (vertical axis) of each slope of each most reasonable line (determined according to step 4.4 of this Annex), according to the inverse of the aging temperature (1/(aging temperature (degree K)) (horizontal axis); calculate the appropriate straight line using the least squares method through the data. The diagonal is the R value. See illustration in the figure below.
4.6. Compare the R coefficient with the initial value used according to the steps mentioned in point 4.1.2 of this Appendix. If the calculated R factor differs from the initial value by more than 05%, select a new R factor between the initial value and the calculated value, then repeat steps from point 4.1.2 to 4.1.6 to calculate new R coefficient. Repeat this process until the calculated R value is within 05% difference from the initially assumed R factor.
4.7. Compare the R-factor determined separately for each exhaust constituent. Use the lowest R-factor (worst case) for the BAT equation.
Annex L - Appendix L2
Standard Diesel Bench Cycle (SDBC)
1. Introduction
For particulate filters, the number of regenerations is important for the aging process. For systems requiring a desulfurization cycle (catalytic converters containing NOx, etc.) this process is also important.
The standard diesel bench aging endurance test procedure includes aging the exhaust aftertreatment system according to the bench aging test method using the SDBC cycle, specified in this Annex. The SDBC cycle requires the use of aging testing on a motorized test bench as the air supply for the system.
During the SDBC cycle, the system's regeneration or desulfurization methods must be under normal operating conditions
2. The Standard Diesel Bench Cycle reproduces the engine speed and load conditions that are encountered in the SRC cycle as appropriate to the period for which durability is to be determined. To speed up the aging process, the engine parameters on the test bench can be adjusted to reduce the number of system loads. Can change fuel injection timing or EGR exhaust gas recirculation method.
3. Ageing Bench Equipment and Procedures
3.1. Aging test method on standard test bench includes: 01 engine, engine control device and test bench. Other settings may be acceptable (e.g., placing the entire vehicle on a test bench or burner to ensure exhaust conditions) as long as the inlet conditions of the exhaust aftertreatment system are met. and control characteristics specified in this Annex.
A single bench aging test method may have the exhaust gas stream divided into multiple streams provided that each exhaust gas stream meets the requirements of this Annex. If the bench has more than one exhaust stream, multiple exhaust aftertreatment systems will be aged simultaneously.
3.2. Exhaust System Installation
The entire after-treatment system together with the exhaust pipes connected to these devices shall be mounted on the test bench. For engines with multiple exhaust streams (such as V6 and V8 engines), each exhaust system coil will be installed separately on the cassette.
The entire post-discharge treatment system will be installed into a unified block for aging. Or each of these devices can be aged separately for a suitable period of time
Annex L – Appendix L3
Standard Road Cycle (SRC)
The standard road cycle (SRC) is a cumulative kilometer cycle. The vehicle can run on a test track or a kinematic test bench that accumulates kilometers.
The cycle includes 07 stages over a total of 06 km. The length of the stages can be varied to match the cumulative distance length of the test track.
Lap | Description | Typical acceleration rate m/s² |
1 | (start engine) idle 10 seconds | 0 |
1 | Moderate acceleration to 48 km/h | 1.79 |
1 | Cruise at 48 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
1 | Moderate deceleration to 32 km/h | -2.23 |
1 | Moderate acceleration to 48 km/h | 1.79 |
1 | Cruise at 48 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
1 | Moderate deceleration to stop | -2.23 |
1 | Idle 5 seconds | 0 |
1 | Moderate acceleration to 56 km/h | 1.79 |
1 | Cruise at 56 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
1 | Moderate deceleration to 40 km/h | -2.23 |
1 | Moderate acceleration to 56 km/h | 1.79 |
1 | Cruise at 56 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
1 | Moderate deceleration to stop | -2.23 |
2 | Idle 10 seconds | 0 |
2 | Moderate acceleration to 64 km/h | 1.34 |
2 | Cruise at 64 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
2 | Moderate deceleration to 48 km/h | -2.23 |
2 | Moderate acceleration to 64 km/h | 1.34 |
2 | Cruise at 64 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
2 | Moderate deceleration to stop | -2.23 |
2 | Idle 05 seconds | 0 |
2 | Moderate acceleration to 72 km/h | 1.34 |
2 | Cruise at 72 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
2 | Moderate deceleration to 56 km/h | -2.23 |
2 | Moderate acceleration to 72 km/h | 1.34 |
2 | Cruise at 72 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
2 | Moderate deceleration to stop | -2.23 |
3 | idle 10 seconds | 0 |
3 | Hard acceleration to 88 km/h | 1.79 |
3 | Cruise at 88 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
3 | Moderate deceleration to 72 km/h | -2.23 |
3 | Moderate acceleration to 88 km/h | 0.89 |
3 | Cruise at 88 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
3 | Moderate deceleration to 72 km/h | -2.23 |
3 | Moderate acceleration to 97 km/h | 0.89 |
3 | Cruise at 97 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
3 | Moderate deceleration to 80 km/h | -2.23 |
3 | Moderate acceleration to 97 km/h | 0.89 |
3 | Cruise at 97 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
3 | Moderate deceleration to stop | -1.79 |
4 | Idle 10 seconds | 0 |
4 | Hard acceleration to 129 km/h | 1.34 |
4 | Coast down to 113 km/h | -0.45 |
4 | Cruise at 113 km/h for ½ lap | 0 |
4 | Moderate deceleration to 80 km/h | -1.34 |
4 | Moderate acceleration to 105 km/h | 0.89 |
4 | Cruise at 105 km/h for ½ lap | 0 |
4 | Moderate deceleration to 80 km/h | -1.34 |
5 | Moderate acceleration to 121 km/h | 0.45 |
5 | Cruise at 121 km/h for ½ lap | 0 |
5 | Moderate deceleration to 80 km/h | -1.34 |
5 | Hard acceleration to 113 km/h | 0.45 |
5 | Cruise at 113 km/h for ½ lap | 0 |
5 | Moderate deceleration to 80 km/h | -1.34 |
6 | Moderate acceleration to 113 km/h | 0.89 |
6 | Coast down to 97 km/h | -0.45 |
6 | Cruise at 97 km/h for ½ lap | 0 |
6 | Moderate deceleration to 80 km/h | -1.79 |
6 | Moderate acceleration to 104 km/h | 0.45 |
6 | Cruise at 104 km/h for ½ lap | 0 |
6 | Moderate deceleration to stop | -1.79 |
7 | Idle 45 seconds | 0 |
7 | Hard acceleration to 88 km/h | 1.79 |
7 | Cruise at 88 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
7 | Moderate deceleration to 64 km/h | -2.23 |
7 | Moderate acceleration to 88 km/h | 0.89 |
7 | Cruise at 88 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
7 | Moderate deceleration to 64 km/h | -2.23 |
7 | Moderate acceleration to 80 km/h | 0.89 |
7 | Cruise at 80 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
7 | Moderate deceleration to 64 km/h | -2.23 |
7 | Moderate acceleration to 80 km/h | 0.89 |
7 | Cruise at 80 km/h for ¼ lap | 0 |
7 | Moderate deceleration to stop | -2.23 |
| | | | |
The standard road cycle is represented graphically in the following figure:
Annex M
Regression analysis
(For heavy reference weight vehicles equipped with gas or diesel engines)
M.1. Regression line tolerances
| Speed | Torque | Power |
Standard error of estimate (SE) of Y on X | max 100 r/min | max 13 (15)(1) % of power map maximum engine torque | max 08 (15)(1) % of power map maximum engine power |
Slope of the regression line, m | 0.95 to 1.03 | 0.83 to 1.03 | 0.89 to 1.03 (0.83 to 1.03)(1) |
Coefficient of determination (r2) | min 0.9700 (0.9500)(1) | min 0.8800 (0.7500)(1) | min 0.9100 (0.7500)(1) |
Y intercept of the regression line, b | min 50 r/min | ±20 Nm or ±2 % ((± 20 Nm or ± 3%)(1) of max torque whichever is greater | ±4 kW or ±2 % (± 4 kW or ±3%)(1) of max power whichever is greater |
(1) The data in brackets can be used for testing in type approval for gas engines. |
M.2. Point deletions from the regression analyses are permitted where noted in the table below:
Conditions | Points to be deleted |
Full load demand and torque feedback < 95 % torque reference | Torque, power |
Full load demand and speed feedback < 95 % speed reference | Speed, power |
No load, not an idle point, and torque feedback > torque reference | Torque, power |
No load, speed feedback ≤ idle speed + 50 r/min and torque feedback = manufacturer defined/measured idle torque ± 02 % of max. torque | Speed, power |
No load, speed feedback > idle speed + 50 r/min and torque feedback > 105 % torque reference | Torque, power |
No load and speed feedback > 105 % speed reference | Speed, power |
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