Decree 287/2026/ND-CP royalties for cinematography, fine arts, photography, performing arts, journalism and publication

DECREE

Prescribing royalties for cinematography, fine arts, photography, performing arts, journalism and publication
 

Pursuant to the Law No. 63/2025/QH15 on Organization of the Government;

Pursuant to the Law No. 50/2005/QH11 on Intellectual Property, which is amended and supplemented by the Law No. 36/2009/QH12, Law No. 42/2019/QH14, Law No. 07/2022/QH15, Law No. 93/2025/QH15 and Law No. 131/2025/QH15;

Pursuant to the Law No. 05/2022/QH15 on Cinematography;

Pursuant to the Law No. 126/2025/QH15 on Press;

Pursuant to the Law No. 19/2012/QH13 on Publication, which is amended and supplemented by Law No. 35/2018/QH14;

Pursuant to the Law No. 89/2025/QH15 on State Budget, which is amended and supplemented by Law No. 145/2025/QH15;

At the proposal of the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism;

The Government hereby promulgates the Decree prescribing royalties for cinematography, fine arts, photography, performing arts, journalism and publication.

Chapter I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of regulation

1. This Decree details a number of articles of the Law No. 50/2005/QH11 on Intellectual Property, which is amended and supplemented by the Law No. 36/2009/QH12, Law No. 42/2019/QH14, Law No. 07/2022/QH15, Law No. 93/2025/QH15 and Law No. 131/2025/QH15 (hereinafter referred to as the Law on Intellectual Property) as assigned in Clause 4, Article 42 of the Law on Intellectual Property regarding the following:

a) Royalties paid for state budget-funded creation as prescribed at Point a, Clause 1, Article 42 of the Law on Intellectual Property in the following fields: cinematography, fine arts, photography, performing arts, journalism and publication;

b) Royalties paid for the exploitation and use of copyright and copyright-related rights of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners as prescribed in Clause 1 and Clause 2, Article 42 of the Law on Intellectual Property in the following fields: cinematography, fine arts, photography, performing arts, journalism and publication.

2. Royalties paid for state budget-funded creation assigned as tasks, ordered, or through bidding, and royalties paid for the exploitation and use of copyright and copyright-related rights of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners in cases where they are not in the fields prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article shall comply with general provisions on payment of royalties in Article 3 of this Decree, provisions on economic-technical norms for specialized fields, and other relevant law regulations based on the principles prescribed in Article 44a of the Law on Intellectual Property.

3. Royalties paid for the exploitation and use of copyright and copyright-related rights of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners, in cases the copyright and copyright-related rights are limited, shall comply with provisions of the Government’s Decree No. 17/2023/ND-CP dated April 26, 2023 detailing a number of articles and measures for implementation of the Law on Intellectual Property regarding copyright and copyright-related rights, which is amended and supplemented by the Government’s Decree No. 134/2026/ND-CP dated April 06, 2026.

Article 2. Subjects of application

1. Organizations and individuals engaged in state budget-funded creation; organizations and individuals exploiting and using copyright and copyright-related rights of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners.

2. The authorities that represent, or manage the rights on behalf of, the owners in cases where the State represents the owners of the copyright or copyright-related rights, or manages the copyright or copyright-related rights on behalf of their owners as prescribed in Clause 3, Article 42 of the Law on Intellectual Property (hereinafter referred to as the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners).

3. Authorities, organizations, and individuals engaged in the activities prescribed in Clause 1 and Clause 2 of this Article.

Article 3. General provisions on the payment of royalties

1. Royalties paid for state budget-funded creation as prescribed at Point a, Clause 1, Article 42 of the Law on Intellectual Property shall comply with the law regulations on task assignment, commissioning, or bidding and this Decree.

2. Royalties paid for the exploitation and use of copyright and copyright-related rights of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners shall be subject to written agreements between the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners and the exploiting/using parties, on the basis of the law regulations on copyright and copyright-related rights, this Decree, and relevant law regulations.

3. An incentive royalty is an additional payment made to the author or other creative roles in any of the following cases:

a) The work is themed around children or ethnic minorities; belongs to a traditional art form with an identifiable author; falls within the genres of symphony, opera, ballet, or circus; is an investigative report; or is intended for persons with disabilities, as specifically prescribed in Chapters II, IV, V, and VI of this Decree;

b) The author is a Vietnamese citizen who creates, speaks, or writes directly in a foreign language; is a person of Kinh ethnic group who creates, speaks, or writes directly in an ethnic minority language; is a member of an ethnic minority who creates, speaks, or writes directly in the language of a different ethnic minority; or creates, speaks, or writes under difficult or hazardous conditions, as specifically prescribed in Chapters V and VI of this Decree;

c) If the copyright or copyright-related rights, of which the State represents the owner, are exploited or used, and the authority representing the owner earns a profit from such exploitation or use, the author and other creative roles to the work shall be entitled to additional incentive royalties as agreed, depending on their respective contributions, provided that the total amount does not exceed 10% of the profit earned. Profit shall be determined either on an fiscal-year basis or by exploitation/use period, depending on final account settlement reports of the parties.

4. The distribution of royalties among authors, copyright owners, performers, and copyright-related right owners shall comply with Clause 3, Article 12a, Clause 1, Clause 2, Article 44a of the Law on Intellectual Property and Decree No. 17/2023/ND-CP, which is amended and supplemented by Decree No. 134/2026/ND-CP.

5. In cases where the derivative works are created, the copyright owner of one or more works used to create the derivative works shall be entitled to a portion of the total royalties paid for the creation, exploitation, and use of copyright for the derivative works.

6. The payment of royalties for exploitation and use shall be made via one or several of the following payment methods:

a) Lump-sum payment covering the entire exploitation or use;

b) Payment for each instance of exploitation or use;

c) Periodic payment on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis;

d) Other payment methods agreed upon by the parties, consistent with the nature of the exploitation or use and applicable law regulations.

7. Pursuant to this Decree, the specific amounts of the royalties and the incentive royalties (if any) in case of creation shall be determined by the competent authorities or persons, in accordance with the law regulations on intellectual property, the state budget, and the law regulations governing task assignment, commissioning, or bidding for the provision of public products and services funded by the state budget, as well as other relevant law regulations.

8. Pursuant to this Decree, the specific amounts of the royalties and the incentive royalties (if any) in case of exploitation or use shall be determined by the competent authorities or persons in accordance with Articles 22 and 23 of Decree No. 17/2023/ND-CP, which is amended and supplemented by Decree No. 134/2026/ND-CP.

9. Pursuant to this Decree and other relevant law regulations, organizations and individuals shall prepare cost estimates, make payments, and settle accounts for royalties and incentive royalties within the scope of state budget funds, revenue from non-business activities, income from licensing the exploitation or use of copyright and related rights, funding from sponsoring organizations or individuals, and other lawful sources of revenue, in accordance with the law regulations on the state budget and other relevant law regulations.

Chapter II

ROYALTIES FOR CINEMATOGRAPHY

Article 4. Royalties for the creation of cinematographic works

1. Royalties for the creation of cinematographic works through task assignment, commissioning, or bidding shall be paid in accordance with the economic-technical norms applicable to cinematography and Clause 2 of this Article. In cases where a creative role is not covered by the economic-technical norms applicable to cinematography, royalties shall be paid based on the guidelines governing professional job titles in cinematography.

2. Based on the genre and quality of the cinematographic works, the following creative roles shall also be paid based on a percentage (%) of the film production costs (excluding sales costs, management costs, and financial costs) as follows:

a) Fiction films:

b) Documentaries, science films:

c) Animated films:

d) Royalties for films combining multiple genres as prescribed by the Law on Cinematography shall be the corresponding royalties of the main genre, as prescribed at Point a, Point b, or Point c of this Clause.

3. The payment bracket prescribed in Clause 2 of this Article applies per creative role, regardless of the number of people jointly undertaking a single creative role for the work.

Article 5. Other provisions on royalties for the creation of cinematographic works

1. In cases where any literary or theatrical work, or another similar type of works is adapted into a film script, the adapting scriptwriter shall receive 70% of the royalty rate for scriptwriters of works of the same genre as prescribed in Article 4 of this Decree, and the remainder shall be paid to the author or copyright owner of the work used for adaptation.

2. The creative roles prescribed in Clause 2, Article 4 of this Decree for cinematographic works themed around children or ethnic minorities shall be entitled to additional incentive royalties equal to 5% to 10% of the royalty rates of works of the same genre.

3. Where footage is filmed for documentary purposes in accordance with the law regulations, royalties shall be paid in accordance with the economic-technical norms applicable to cinematography.

4. In cases where cinematographic works incur high production costs due to special requirements for equipment, materials, or significant expenses for filming on locations abroad, the royalties shall be determined under specific agreements between the parties or based on the total production costs appraised by competent authorities, provided that the highest amount shall not exceed twice the royalties applicable to a cinematographic work with average production costs as approved by the competent authority.

Article 6. Royalties for the exploitation and use of cinematographic works

Royalties paid for the exploitation and use of cinematographic works of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners of copyright and copyright-related rights shall be based on written agreements between the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners and the exploiting/using parties in accordance with law regulations on cinematography and other relevant law regulations, based on criteria regarding frequency, duration, purpose, format, scope of exploitation and use, proceeds, gained profit (if any), or other criteria as prescribed by relevant law regulations.

Chapter III

ROYALTIES FOR FINE ARTS AND PHOTOGRAPHY

Article 7. Royalties for the creation of fine arts works

1. The party using the model work shall agree with the author or copyright owner on the royalty rate based on a percentage (%) of the cost of the work, not exceeding the rates prescribed as follows:

a) For works with a cost price of up to VND 10,000 million:

b) For a work with a cost price exceeding VND 10,000 million, the royalty shall be equal to the royalties applicable to a work with a cost price of VND 10,000 million, plus 1% of the amount by which the cost price exceeds VND 10,000 million.

2. In cases where the author only draws the sketch and has not executed it into a model work, the sketch author shall receive 50% to 70% of the royalties prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, and the remainder shall be paid to others who execute the model work based on the sketch.

3. The author of a derivative fine arts work as prescribed by the law regulations shall receive 40% to 55% of the royalty rate prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, and the remainder shall be paid to the copyright owner of the work used to create the derivative work.

Article 8. Royalties for the exploitation and use of fine arts works and photographic works

1. The party exploiting and using fine arts works or photographic works shall pay royalties to the copyright owners, the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners as follows:

a) Exploiting and using fine arts works and photographic works for display or exhibition:

Unit: Statutory basic salary

b) In cases where the exploitation and use of fine arts works and photographic works are not prescribed at Point a of this Clause, the royalties shall be paid in accordance with the economic-technical norms applicable to the relevant field. In cases where it is not included in the regulations on economic-technical norms, the royalties shall be agreed upon between the exploiting/using party and the copyright owner or the authority representing, or managing the copyright on behalf of, the owner;

c) The statutory basic salary used as the unit for calculation at Point a of this Clause shall be determined at the time of contract execution or under the agreements between the parties, unless otherwise prescribed by law regulations.

2. In cases where fine arts works or photographic works are exploited and used in charitable activities, festivals, cultural exchanges, or other non-commercial activities, the royalties shall be agreed upon between the exploiting/using parties and the copyright owners, the authorities representing, or managing the copyright on behalf of, the owners.

3. The authors of derivative photographic works as prescribed by the law regulations shall receive 40% to 55% of the royalty rate prescribed in Clause 1 and Clause 2 of this Article, and the remainder shall be paid to the copyright owners, the authorities representing, or managing the copyright on behalf of, the owners of the works used to create the derivative works.

Chapter IV

ROYALTIES FOR PERFORMING ARTS

Article 9. Royalties for the creation of theatrical works and works of other performing arts genres

1. Royalties for the creation of theatrical works and works of other performing arts genres shall be paid according to the brackets prescribed in Article 10 of this Decree or based on percentages (%) of proceeds from a performance thereof as prescribed in Article 11 of this Decree. The competence to decide on payment is prescribed in Clause 7, Article 3 of this Decree.

2. The proceeds from a performance as prescribed in this Chapter means the proceeds from ticket sales, advertising, or other direct income derived from the performance.

Article 10. Bracket royalties

1. Royalties for theatrical works of the genres including traditional drama (tuồng), traditional operetta (chèo), reformed theatre (cải lương), spoken drama (kịch nói), verse drama (kịch thơ), folk-song drama (kịch dân ca), physical theatre, circus, comedy sketches, variety arts, and other similar genres, depending on the duration and quality of each work, shall be paid to the creative roles as follows:

Unit: Statutory basic salary

2. Royalties for theatrical works of the puppetry genre, depending on the duration and quality of each work, shall be paid to the creative roles as follows:

Unit: Statutory basic salary

3. Royalties for combined arts programs, depending on the duration and quality of each work, shall be paid to the creative roles as follows:

a) For arts programs performed indoors

Unit: Statutory basic salary

b) For arts programs performed at squares, arts parades, carnivals/festivals, in public spaces, and other outdoor spaces

Unit: Statutory basic salary

In cases where arts programs performed in public spaces or outdoors have an equivalent duration, technical requirements, and organizational conditions to arts programs performed indoors, the payments shall correspond to the brackets prescribed at Point a of this Clause.

c) For arts programs performed in stadiums

Unit: Statutory basic salary

4. Royalties for choreographic works, depending on the duration and quality of each work, shall be paid to the creative roles as follows:

a) Small-cast choreographic works

Unit: Statutory basic salary

b) Choreographic pieces with plot/storyline; short poem ballets (choreographic works performed by 4 or more dancers)

Unit: Statutory basic salary

c) Dance suites

Unit: Statutory basic salary

d) Poem ballets

Unit: Statutory basic salary

dd) Dance dramas

Unit: Statutory basic salary

e) Choreography created for dance segments within circus, puppetry, spoken dramas (kịch nói), sung-through dramas (kịch hát), or backup dance for songs, instrumental music, film, and tableaux vivants (hoạt cảnh), etc.

Unit: Statutory basic salary

5. Royalties for music works, depending on the duration and quality of each work, shall be paid to the creative roles as follows:

a) Authors of musical works for symphony orchestras, traditional music orchestras Unit: Statutory basic salary

b) Authors of musical works for chamber ensembles, traditional chamber orchestras

Unit: Statutory basic salary

c) Authors of musical works for solo instruments

Unit: Statutory basic salary

d) Authors of vocal works

Unit: Statutory basic salary

dd) Sung-through dramas

Unit: Statutory basic salary

6. The payment bracket prescribed in Clauses 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Article applies per creative role, regardless of the number of people jointly undertaking a single creative role for the work.

7. The statutory basic salary used as the unit for calculation in Clauses 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Article shall be determined at the time of contract execution between the parties or on the effective date of the task assignment decision, unless otherwise prescribed by law regulations.

Article 11. Royalties based on proceeds from performances

Royalties calculated as a percentage (%) of proceeds from a performance shall be paid to the creative roles as follows:

1. For theatrical works of the genres including traditional drama, traditional operetta, reformed theatre, spoken drama, verse drama, folk-song drama, physical theatre, comedy sketch, variety arts, puppetry, and arts programs:

a) Scriptwriters shall receive from 4.20% to 6.00% of the proceeds;

b) Directors/general directors shall receive from 3.50% to 5.00% of the proceeds;

c) Choreographers shall receive from 0.86% to 1.25% of the proceeds;

d) Composers (including composition, arrangement, and editing) shall receive from 1.40% to 2.00% of the proceeds;

dd) Orchestra conductors shall receive from 0.70% to 1.00% of the proceeds;

e) Painters/designers (of the stage, costumes, and props) shall receive from 2.10% to 3.00% of the proceeds;

g) Lighting designers shall receive from 0.70% to 1.00% of the proceeds;

h) Sound designers shall receive from 0.35% to 0.50% of the proceeds;

i) Authors of puppet tricks, puppetry techniques, and new creative puppet designs shall receive the percentages as agreed upon in the contracts.

2. For performances of choreographic works of the genres and durations as prescribed in Clause 4, Article 10 of this Decree:

a) Choreographers shall receive from 4.00% to 6.00% of the proceeds;

b) Scriptwriters (of literary script and scene breakdown or staging script) shall receive from 1.00% to 1.50% of the proceeds;

c) Composers (including composition, arrangement, and editing) shall receive from 4.00% to 6.00% of the proceeds;

d) Painters/designers (of the stage, costumes, and props) shall receive from 1.00% to 2.00% of the proceeds.

3. For performances of musical works of the genres and durations prescribed in Clause 5, Article 10 of this Decree:

a) Authors of musical works shall receive from 4.00% to 6.00% of the proceeds;

b) Arrangers of musical accompaniments for songs with full scores for chamber orchestras, traditional orchestras, or piano accompaniments shall receive from 1.22% to 1.80% of the proceeds;

c) Composers adapting scores for chamber orchestras, symphony orchestras, traditional ensemble orchestras, or other forms of orchestral performances shall receive from 1.40% to 2.10% of the proceeds;

d) Conductors of symphony orchestras and choirs, or symphony orchestras for works of the genres including musicals, ballets, oratorios, and cantatas shall receive from 0.80% - 1.20% of the proceeds.

4. For performances of the genre of circus arts:

Unit: % of proceeds from the performance

5. The payment bracket prescribed in Clauses 1, 2, 3, and 4 of this Article applies per creative role, regardless of the number of people jointly undertaking a single creative role.

Article 12. Other provisions on royalties for the creation of theatrical works and works of other performing arts genres

1. In cases where a musical work includes both music and lyrics, the author of the music shall receive 70% and the author of the lyrics shall receive 30% of the royalties for such musical work.

2. In cases where a literary work is adapted into a stage script, the adapting scriptwriter shall receive 70% of the royalty rate for scriptwriters of works of the same genre and duration as prescribed in Article 10 of this Decree, and the remainder shall be paid to the author or copyright owner of the work being adapted.

3. In cases where a script from one theatrical genre is adapted into another theatrical genre, the adapting scriptwriter shall receive 40% of the royalty rate for scriptwriters of works of the same genre and duration as prescribed in Article 10 of this Decree, and the remainder shall be paid to the author or copyright owner of the work being adapted.

4. In cases where a literary script is adapted into lyrical language for sung-through drama genres such as musicals, operas, oratorios, and similar genres, the adapting author shall receive 40% of the royalty rate for scriptwriters of works of the same genre as prescribed in Article 10 of this Decree, and the remainder shall be paid to the author or copyright owner of the work being adapted.

5. In cases where the work belongs to traditional art genres with identified authors, including traditional drama, traditional operetta, reformed theatre, folk-song drama, puppetry, and other traditional art genres of which the authors are identifiable; the work belongs to the genres including symphony, opera, ballet, and circus; or the work is themed around children and ethnic minorities, the creative roles prescribed in Article 10 of this Decree shall be entitled to additional incentive royalties equal to 15% of the royalties for works of the same genre and duration.

6. Assistant choreographers, assistant directors, directors of photography, stage directors, musical directors, and assistant orchestra conductors for theatrical works, musical works, choreographic works, circus acts, and synthetic arts programs shall receive royalties equal to 20% of the royalty rate of choreographers, directors or general directors, or orchestra conductors of works of the same genre and duration.

7. Arrangers of musical accompaniments for songs with full scores for symphony orchestras, chamber orchestras, traditional orchestras, modern orchestras, and other orchestras shall receive 30% of the royalties for the musical authors of such songs.

8. Composers adapting scores for chamber orchestras, symphony orchestras, traditional ensemble orchestras, or other forms of orchestral performances shall receive 35% of the royalties for the authors of musical scores of the same genre and duration.

9. Conductors of symphony orchestras and choirs, or symphony orchestra conductors for musical works for symphony orchestras, traditional orchestras, chamber ensembles, solo instruments with orchestras, ballets, choirs, multi-movement choirs, cantatas, and other musical genres not yet prescribed in Article 10 of this Decree shall receive 20% of the royalties for the authors of musical works of the same genre and duration.

10. In cases where a combined arts program features works that are independently created, the royalties for such works shall be calculated in accordance with Clauses 1, 2, 4, and 5 of Article 10, or Article 11 of this Decree.

11. Actors, live performers, program directors, art directors, musical conductors, instructors of traditional singing melodies with new lyrics, character make-up artists, editors of arts programs, scriptwriters for voiceovers/commentary, and those performing other creative tasks for theatrical works and works of other performing arts genres not yet prescribed in Article 10 and Article 11 of this Decree shall be paid in accordance with the economic-technical norms applicable to program production. In cases where their roles are not covered in economic-technical norms applicable to program production, the royalties shall be paid pursuant to regulations guiding professional titles in performing arts.

Article 13. Royalties for the exploitation and use of theatrical works, works of other performing arts genres, and performances

1. Royalties paid for the exploitation and use of theatrical works, works of other performing arts genres, and performances of which the State represents, or manages the copyright and copyright-related rights on behalf of, the owners shall be subject to written agreements between the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners and the exploiting/using parties based on criteria regarding performing art genre, frequency, duration, purpose, format, scope of exploitation and use, proceeds, gained profit (if any), or other criteria as prescribed by relevant law regulations. In cases where a work is performed to the public, the royalties shall not be less than 2% of the proceeds from the performance.

2. In cases where theatrical works, other performing arts genres, and performances of which the State represents the owners are exploited and used for political, communication, or educational purposes on a non-commercial basis, permission is not required, and no royalties are payable; however, the names of the authors and the history of the works or performances must be announced.

Chapter V

ROYALTIES FOR JOURNALISM

Article 14. Royalties for the creation of journalistic works

1. Royalties for the creation of journalistic works of print journalism or digital journalism genres shall be implemented in accordance with the law regulations on task assignment, commissioning, or bidding.

2. Royalties for the creation of journalistic works of radio or television broadcasting genres shall be paid as part of the production unit price of the journalistic works whose content production has been approved by competent authorities task assignment, commissioning, or bidding and are funded by the state budget.

3. Based on the cases prescribed at Point a, Point b, Clause 3, Article 3 of this Decree, the competence prescribed in Clause 7, Article 3 of this Decree, and the autonomy mechanism of the press agencies as prescribed by the law regulations, the incentive royalty rates shall be decided by the heads of the press agencies or subject to decisions of competent authorities.

Article 15. Royalties for the exploitation and use of journalistic works of print journalism or digital journalism genres

1. Royalties for journalistic works of print journalism or digital journalism genres shall be agreed upon between the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners or the organizations decentralized/authorized in accordance with the law regulations, and the exploiting/using organizations or individuals, based on criteria regarding frequency, duration, placement, purpose, scope, format, equipment used for exploitation and use, proceeds (if any), or other criteria as prescribed by relevant law regulations, but shall not be lower than 20% of the creation royalties for the works.

2. In cases where journalistic works of print journalism or digital journalism genres, of which the State represents the owners of copyright and copyright-related rights, are exploited and used for communication purposes on a non-commercial basis towards children, ethnic minorities, remote areas, border areas, and islands, permission is not required, and no royalties are payable; however, the names of the authors and the history of the works must be announced.

Article 16. Royalties for the exploitation and use of journalistic works of radio or television broadcasting genres

1. Royalties for journalistic works of radio or television broadcasting genres shall be agreed upon between the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners or the organizations decentralized/authorized in accordance with the law regulations, and the exploiting/using organizations or individuals, at rates not lower than the payment brackets for the following genres of works:

a) For radio broadcasting:

b) For television broadcasting:

2. In cases where journalistic works of radio or television broadcasting genres are exploited and used by press agencies engaged in radio or television activities without proceeds from advertising sponsorships or any other form of payment, the royalties payable shall be equal to 30% of the payment brackets prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article.

3. In cases where journalistic works of radio or television broadcasting genres are exploited and used from the second time onwards, the royalties shall be paid as agreed upon with the authorities representing, or managing the rights on behalf of, the owners or the organizations decentralized/authorized in accordance with the law regulations based on criteria regarding usage frequency, duration, time slots, equipment, platforms used for exploitation and use, proceeds (if any), or other criteria.

4. In cases where journalistic works of radio or television broadcasting genres of which the State represents the owners of copyright and copyright-related rights are exploited and used for communication purposes on a non-commercial basis dedicated to children, ethnic minorities, remote areas, border areas, and islands, permission is not required, and no royalties are payable; however, the names of the authors and the history of the works must be announced.

Chapter VI

ROYALTIES FOR PUBLICATION

Article 17. Royalties for the creation and use of works for publication

1. Royalties for the creation of a work intended for publication shall be paid in accordance with a written agreement between the authority using state budget to fund such creation through task assignment, commissioning, or bidding, and the author of the work, based on the following criteria:

a) The genre, nature of the subject matter, and the quality of the commissioned work required of the author;

b) Scope and target audience of the program or project;

c) The duration and manner of use of the work.

2. Royalties for the use of works for publication shall be paid using the method prescribed in Clause 3 of this Article and at the percentage (%) within the bracket below:

3. Methods for calculation of royalties in the cases prescribed

in Clause 2 of this Article:

a) Calculation method for printed publications:

Royalty = Percentage rate (%) × Production costs × Print run

Where:

Percentage (%) means the respective royalty rate in the bracket;

Production costs mean the total costs of producing the printed publication (including publishing costs, printing costs, and distribution costs);

Print run means the quantity specified in the contract for the creation or use of the work, as printed on the publication’s imprint page.

b) Calculation method for electronic publications:

Royalty = Percentage rate (%) × Production costs × Number of years of use

Where:

Percentage (%) means the respective royalty rate in the bracket;

Production costs mean the total costs of producing the electronic publication (excluding distribution costs and costs of posting on technology platforms or web portal systems);

Number of years of use means the term of use of the copyright, based on the implementation period of the program or project, or as agreed by the parties and specified in the contract for the creation or use of the work.

4. In addition to royalties, authors and copyright owners shall receive:

a) For printed publications: 05-10 copies;

b) For electronic publications: Authors and copyright owners shall have the right to access and use the publications as agreed upon across electronic platforms and devices.

5. For publications in cases where incentive royalties are payable as prescribed at Point a, Point b, Clause 3, Article 3 of this Decree, authors shall receive an additional 10% to 30% of the royalties of such publications on top of the standard royalties.

Article 18. Royalties for the exploitation and use of works in publication

1. Royalties paid for the exploitation and use of works, of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners of copyright and copyright-related rights, in publication shall be subject to written agreements between the authorities representing the owners and the exploiting/using parties, and calculated based on the brackets and calculation methods prescribed in Clauses 2, 3, and 4 of Article 17 of this Decree.

2. In cases where authorities, organizations, or individuals exploit and use works, of which the State represents the owners of copyright and copyright-related rights, in publication for political purposes or for the development of reading culture on a non-commercial basis, no royalties are payable; however, written notices must be submitted to the authorities representing the owners, and the names of the authors and the history of the works must be announced.

Chapter VII

IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS

Article 19. Transitional provisions

1. Cases involving state budget-funded creation made through commissioning, task assignment, or bidding that took place before the effective date of this Decree shall continue to be governed by the law regulations in force at the time of such commissioning, task assignment, or bidding.

2. Cases involving the exploitation or use of copyright or copyright-related rights of which the State represents, or manages them on behalf of, the owners that took place before this Decree takes effect shall continue to be governed by the law regulations in force at the time such exploitation or use occurred, or by the terms of any contract already entered into between the parties. The profit for calculation of incentive royalties shall be determined in accordance with Point c, Clause 3, Article 3 of this Decree.

Article 20. Effect

1. This Decree takes effect from September 01, 2026.

2. The Government’s Decree No. 18/2014/ND-CP dated March 14, 2014 prescribing royalties in the fields of journalism and publication and the Government’s Decree No. 21/2015/ND-CP dated February 14, 2015 prescribing royalties and remuneration for works of cinematography, fine arts, photography, stage, and other performing arts genres shall cease to be effective from the effective date of this Decree.

3. In cases where legal documents incorporated by reference in this Decree are amended, supplemented, or superseded, the new documents shall prevail.

Article 21. Responsibilities for implementation

1. The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism shall assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with relevant ministries and sectoral authorities in, guiding and organizing the implementation of this Decree.

2. Pursuant to this Decree, Ministers, Heads of ministerial-level authorities and relevant central-level agencies, and Chairpersons of provincial-level People’s Committees shall detail the royalty brackets and supplement the payment principles (if deemed necessary) to align with management requirements, budget-balancing capacities, specific sectoral characteristics, local socio-economic conditions, and other relevant law regulations.

3. Ministers, Heads of ministerial-level authorities, Chairpersons of People’s Committees of provinces and municipalities, and related organizations and individuals shall be responsible for implementing this Decree.