Resolution 70-NQ/TW 2025 on ensuring national energy security through 2030, vision toward 2045

RESOLUTION

OF THE POLITICAL BUREAU

On ensuring national energy security through 2030, with a vision toward 2045

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After 5 years of implementing the Political Bureau’s Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW, dated February 11, 2020 on the orientation of Vietnam’s national energy development strategy through 2030, with a vision toward 2045, the energy sector has maintained stable growth, thereby basically ensuring national energy security and meeting the increasing requirements for rapid and sustainable development, ensuring national defense, security, and improving people's living standards.

However, the energy sector still sees various limitations and weaknesses. Several weaknesses identified in Resolution 55 have yet to be fully resolved. Many targets of Resolution 55 are proving difficult to achieve. Institutions, policies, and the management of energy sector development remain inadequate. The progress of many power projects is slow; and energy potential has not been effectively exploited. The energy supply is still dependent on imports, and the risk of power shortages during the double-digit growth period is imminent. The energy infrastructure is insufficient and lacks uniformity. The power system has not developed in a synchronous and smart manner; and the grid is not effectively connected to source projects. Technology in some areas is slow to be innovated; the localization rate for some important equipment is not high. The quality of human resources and labor productivity in some fields remain low; the competitive energy market has not developed synchronously and lacks interconnection among sub-sectors, especially the power market which still has many limitations; energy pricing policies are inadequate and not truly aligned with market mechanisms; cross-subsidies in electricity prices for some customer groups still exist.

The aforementioned limitations and weaknesses are mainly attributable to: Incomplete awareness of the role and importance of the energy sector for socio-economic development, ensuring national defense and security, social security, environmental protection, and climate change response. Policies and legislation on energy development are still inadequate and have been slow to be amended, supplemented, and improved, especially the mechanisms and policies for mobilizing resources for energy development, encouraging the production and use of clean and renewable energy. Planning adjustments lack flexibility and have not timely met practical requirements, and implementation has been inconsistent, especially in power planning. Administrative procedures remain cumbersome and complex. The energy development strategy, particularly in the power sector, is not stable and synchronous; it is not closely linked with the socio-economic development plans and master plans of localities and some related sectors. The direction and implementation of energy policies and legislation have not been drastic, comprehensive, and synchronous; there has been a lack of focus on governance and risk response measures; inspection and supervision have been ineffective. No breakthrough has been made in the application of science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation in the energy sector.

To meet the requirements of rapid and sustainable national development in the coming period, especially to achieve the two strategic goals by 2030 and 2045, the task of ensuring energy security plays a very important role. Energy must stay one step ahead, fully meeting the needs of socio-economic development, national defense, security, and improving people's lives. The Political Bureau requires focusing on the effective implementation of the following tasks:

I - STEERING VIEWPOINTS

1. The Party provides comprehensive leadership; the State creates breakthrough institutions and policies, and controls strategic energy infrastructure; the people and enterprises are the center and the subjects of national energy development, in which the state economy plays the leading role, and the private sector is one of the most important driving forces. Firmly ensuring national energy security is the foundation and an important premise for the country's development, and is an important part of national security. Energy development is given the highest priority to meet the requirement of continuous growth of over 10% in the coming period, to achieve the country's two 100-year goals. The national energy development planning must be led, directed, and implemented in a centralized, unified, synchronous, serious, and effective manner.

2. To develop energy in consistence with the socialist-oriented market economy, associated with the implementation of social progress and justice, social security, ensuring national defense, security, environmental protection, and being flexible in implementing international commitments on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. To build a synchronous, competitive, transparent energy market with diversified forms of ownership and business methods; to apply market prices to all types of energy, without cross-subsidies among customer groups. To encourage and create favorable conditions for all economic sectors, especially the private sector, to participate in energy development; to ensure the private sector competes on an equal footing with other economic sectors in developing energy projects.

3. To develop all types of energy in a synchronous, rational, and diversified manner; to prioritize the thorough and effective exploitation and use of renewable energy, new energy, and clean energy; to rationally exploit and use domestic fossil fuel sources, focusing on stabilization, regulation, and ensuring national energy reserves; to develop nuclear power and gas-fired power; to have a reasonable roadmap for reducing the proportion of coal-fired power. To optimally structure the national energy system, ensuring synchronicity, efficiency, and leveraging the comparative advantages of each region and locality.

4. To encourage investment in and use of energy economically and efficiently, to reduce emissions, protect the environment, promote labor productivity, and innovate the growth model, considering this both a right and a responsibility of the whole society; to encourage investment in and use of energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies and equipment.

5. To apply science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation to promote the rapid and sustainable development of the energy sector; to gradually master modern technology, atomic energy technology, and move towards self-production of most energy equipment to serve domestic needs and for export of both technology and equipment.

II - OBJECTIVES, VISION

1. Overall objectives to be achieved by 2030

To firmly ensure national energy security; to provide sufficient, stable, high-quality, and low-emission energy for socio-economic development, ensuring national defense, security, improving people's lives, and protecting the ecological environment. To gradually transition the energy sector to meet the country's development requirements and international commitments. To ensure that the energy sector develops harmoniously among sub-sectors with synchronous and smart infrastructure, reaching the advanced level of the ASEAN region. To ensure that the energy market is competitive, transparent, efficient, and consistent with the socialist-oriented market economy. To rapidly and effectively exploit and use domestic energy resources in combination with reasonable energy import-export; energy is used more economically and efficiently. To ensure that various main materials and equipment in the energy sub-sectors are produced domestically; and the power transmission and distribution grid is built to be modern and smart.

2. Specific objectives to be achieved by 2030

- Total primary energy supply of about 150 - 170 million tons of oil equivalent (TOE); total capacity of power sources of about 183 - 236 GW or possibly higher depending on system demand and socio-economic development situation over time; total power output of about 560 - 624 billion KWh. The share of renewable energy in the total primary energy supply is about 25 - 30%.

- Total final energy consumption of about 120 - 130 million tons of oil equivalent.

- A smart, efficient power system capable of safely connecting to the regional grid; ensuring safe power supply, meeting the N-1 criterion for important load areas and the N-2 criterion for particularly important load areas. Power supply reliability and electricity access index to be among the top 3 leading countries in ASEAN.

- Oil refineries to meet at least 70% of domestic petroleum demand; petroleum reserves to reach about 90 days of net imports. Facilities with full capacity to import liquefied natural gas (LNG) will be developed depending on the demand for LNG-fired power sources and other needs; to form concentrated LNG energy centers harmonized across regions.

- The energy-saving rate over total final energy consumption compared to the business-as-usual scenario is about 8 - 10%.

- Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from energy activities compared to the business-as-usual scenario by about 15 - 35%.

3. Vision toward 2045

To firmly ensure national energy security; a healthy, equal, transparent, and efficient competitive energy market, consistent with the socialist-oriented market economy; the energy sector develops synchronously, sustainably, uses resources efficiently, protects the environment, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and adapts to climate change; a smart, modern energy infrastructure system, effectively connected regionally and internationally; the quality of human resources, scientific and technological level, and governance capacity of the energy sector are on par with those of modern developed industrial countries.

III - KEY MISSIONS AND SOLUTIONS

1. Strengthening the leadership of the Party, the management of the State, and the participation of the entire political system and the People in ensuring energy security

Party committees and authorities at all levels must clearly define national energy development as an important and continuous task, and need to seriously lead, direct, and effectively organize its implementation.

To enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of state management in the energy sector; to clearly define the responsibilities, powers, and coordination mechanisms among central ministries, sectors, and localities, ensuring centralized, synchronous, and unified leadership, direction, and administration from the central to local levels. To strengthen inspection and supervision of the implementation of the Party's guidelines and the State's policies and legislation on ensuring national energy security, especially for energy planning; to ensure the quality and progress of energy development projects.

To promote communication, raising awareness among all levels, sectors, and the People about the role and importance of energy security, the Party's guidelines and lines, and the State's policies and legislation on energy development and ensuring national energy security. To focus on communication to raise awareness and change behaviors in energy use; to launch and effectively implement movements in the business community and among the people on energy transition, using energy economically and efficiently in conjunction with environmental protection. To disseminate and replicate effective models and solutions for renewable energy production and use suitable for the conditions of each region and locality, especially self-production and self-consumption models in businesses, households, and energy community models; to promote the development of direct power purchase agreements for both generation and load.

2. Improving institutions and policies to become a competitive advantage, a solid foundation, and a strong driving force for energy development

To be determined and decisive in improving and effectively implementing legislation on electricity, oil and gas, geology and minerals, atomic energy, and economical and efficient use of energy. To review and remove institutional bottlenecks in planning, licensing, capital mobilization, etc., for energy projects; to have outstanding special mechanisms and policies to attract and implement important and urgent national energy projects.

To improve financial policies towards maximizing the mobilization of private and foreign investment capital into energy sector projects in the form of independent investors or public-private partnerships (PPP). To innovate credit policies towards flexibility and efficiency, prioritizing credit allocation to the energy sector, creating favorable conditions for energy enterprises to access capital sources; to have preferential capital sources and credit packages for enterprises with green, clean, and new technology energy projects, enterprises investing in energy storage systems, research, development, and domestic production of energy equipment. To improve tax policies to encourage the production and use of clean energy, renewable energy, and domestically produced equipment. The State will have mechanisms to support investors implementing non-profit, environmentally friendly energy projects.

To develop a strong policy framework to encourage large electricity-consuming households to build energy recovery systems for power generation; to have reasonable incentive mechanisms and policies for the development of rooftop solar power for self-production, self-consumption, and energy storage systems; to build special mechanisms and policies to strongly develop waste treatment systems with energy recovery; to promote enterprises to invest in low-carbon and carbon-neutral technologies. To improve mechanisms and policies to promote the economical and efficient use of energy.

To urgently issue and publicize the list of energy projects; to selectively implement competitive bidding mechanisms combined with assigning the implementation of large-scale energy projects invested in areas sensitive to national defense and security. To effectively control the signing of direct power purchase agreements (PPA). To improve mechanisms for preventing and combating corruption, waste, negativity, and group interests, especially in investment, procurement, bidding, and implementation of energy projects, particularly power source and transmission grid projects.

To improve the quality of developing energy strategies and master plans, especially in the power sector, ensuring stability, synchronicity, and linkage with the socio-economic development strategies and master plans of localities and other sectors; energy planning should be open, focused, and prioritized, ensuring it serves development and is harmoniously distributed to sectors, fields, and regions (industry, agriculture, digital transformation, national defense, security, urban, rural, remote areas, etc.). To assign responsibilities to ministries, sectors, localities, and enterprises in organizing the implementation of energy development master plans, especially the adjusted Power Development Plan VIII; where necessary, to promptly review and adjust to suit the actual situation. In cases where any important and urgent national energy project deviates from existing master plans, there is no need to formally amend those master plans beforehand. Once the project is approved, the relevant master plans must be promptly reviewed, amended, updated and publicly announced to reflect the changes.

To continue reviewing and improving regulations on the development of a synchronous, unified energy market, interconnected among the power, coal, oil and gas, and renewable energy sub-sectors, and connected to regional and global markets. To establish transparent energy prices determined by the market, with state management, without cross-subsidies; the State shall regulate reasonably through market tools and effectively implement social security policies. To radically reform administrative procedures, reducing implementation time, compliance costs, and business conditions by 30 - 50%, creating a favorable environment for investment, business, construction, and operation of energy projects. By 2025, the removal of institutional bottlenecks hindering the development of the energy sector must be completed.

3. Developing energy sources and infrastructure, firmly ensuring energy security, meeting growth requirements

To develop scenarios and specific roadmaps to ensure energy meets economic growth requirements through 2030, with a vision toward 2045. To diversify energy supply sources, including both domestic and imported sources. To have priority mechanisms for proactively developing domestic energy, reducing import dependency, prioritizing the enhanced exploitation and effective use of domestic energy sources. To have comprehensive, synchronous, and feasible solutions, raising the per capita primary energy consumption level to be among the top 4 leading countries in ASEAN. To implement the construction and formation of a National Energy Industry Center integrating gas, liquefied gas, electricity, refining, petrochemicals, and renewable energy in advantageous localities, synchronized with policies on exploitation, offtake, and domestic natural gas prices. To urgently remove difficulties and obstacles, accelerating the progress of key energy projects, especially power source and transmission grid projects; to have strict sanctions for investors who register to develop energy projects but delay or fail to implement them, affecting national energy security. To strengthen direction, urging, inspection, and supervision of the implementation process of investment projects in the energy sector.

- Regarding oil and gas: To promote seeking and exploration to increase reserves and production of oil and gas in potential, deep-water, and offshore areas associated with protecting national sovereignty; to improve recovery factors, and fully exploit small fields and marginal blocks. To have a proactive and effective strategy for cooperation in seeking, exploring, and exploiting oil and gas abroad. To accelerate the exploitation of domestic gas fields linked to gas-power project chains, ensuring overall national interests. To develop the gas industry; to prioritize investment in technical infrastructure for LNG import, storage, and consumption. To develop reasonable gas pricing policies to ensure a harmony of interests among stakeholders; to develop the gas market to reach about 30 - 35 billion m³/year. To continue attracting investment in the refining and petrochemical sector towards deep processing, improving the quality of petroleum products, meeting domestic demand, and aiming for export in line with market demand and the energy transition roadmap. To research and assess the potential of shale oil and gas, and gas hydrates; to soon implement a comprehensive assessment and accelerate trial exploitation.

- Regarding coal: To effectively implement the Development Strategy of the Coal Industry in the new situation. To promote domestic coal mining ensuring safety, efficiency, and resource conservation; to have reasonable and flexible mechanisms for coal mining and import to serve domestic demand. To promote investment abroad for exploring and exploiting types of coal that Vietnam needs to import. To enhance national coal import and processing capacity, ensuring sufficiently large reserves to limit passivity when the world market fluctuates. To expand exploration activities, enhance the quality of reserve and resource assessments, and urgently research appropriate technologies and methods for exploring the Red River coal basin. To increase mechanization and modernization of coal screening, beneficiation, and mining equipment. To review and assess demand, develop plans, and optimize solutions for a stable coal supply for power generation consistent with market mechanisms. To maintain coal reserves to meet production requirements, especially for power generation.

- Regarding renewable and new energy: To issue and effectively implement mechanisms and policies on standards and proportions of renewable energy in the investment structure and energy supply; to implement the Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) market. To strongly promote the development of renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels as much as possible. To prioritize the use of wind and solar energy; to encourage development in advantageous regions and localities. To research and comprehensively assess the potential and build a development orientation for geothermal, wave, tidal, and ocean current energy, etc.; to implement some application models, and conduct trial exploitation to evaluate efficiency. To pilot models of production and use of hydrogen energy, hydrogen derivatives, and ammonia; to exploit offshore wind power and solar power in conjunction with hydrogen and ammonia production.

- Regarding electric power: To promote the restructuring of the electric power sector, enhancing competitiveness, transparency, and sustainability. To develop a balanced and rational mix of power sources, with the highest requirement being sufficient electricity for socio-economic development, while gradually implementing international commitments on emission reduction. To develop power sources in a balanced and rational manner according to the advantages of regions, areas, and localities towards balancing intra-regional supply and demand, minimizing transmission losses. To prioritize the development of large-capacity, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly power source projects. To have plans to expand and effectively exploit the capacity of existing power plants and source projects in a selective manner, prioritizing plants with potential and efficient operation. To proactively plan for the export and import of power at suitable locations and times, ensuring national energy security and economic efficiency.

To effectively implement Demand Side Management and Load Adjustment Programs; to reduce power consumption intensity and losses to ensure competitiveness with countries at the same level of development. To modernize the power dispatch system, applying smart, automatic technical monitoring and control technologies; in addition to AC transmission, to research the application of ultra-high voltage, direct current, and undersea cable transmission.

Regarding hydropower: To fully utilize and expand the capacity of existing plants. To continue the selective development of some small and medium-sized hydropower plants, and accelerate the progress of pumped-storage hydropower projects. To strengthen cooperation in hydropower development with other countries in conjunction with long-term electricity imports.

Regarding wind and solar power: To prioritize development in line with the system's safety assurance capabilities and at reasonable costs, especially for self-produced, self-consumed sources and rooftop solar. To urgently develop policies to remove difficulties, legal support policies, and breakthrough mechanisms for offshore wind power development; to research and assign tasks to some large state-owned and private enterprises with reputation, brand, and capacity to implement large-scale offshore wind power projects associated with ensuring national defense, security, and protecting maritime and island sovereignty. To build a special mechanism to definitively resolve the obstacles and difficulties for wind and solar power projects to supplement the national power supply, avoid wasting social investment resources, and ensure the legitimate rights and interests of investors in the spirit of "harmonized benefits, shared risks"; to strictly handle violations according to legal regulations.

Regarding thermal power: To develop gas-fired thermal power, prioritizing the use of domestic gas sources; to urgently review and remove difficulties to promote the implementation of gas and LNG power projects, especially the mechanism for power purchase prices. To review and plan the implementation of technology upgrades and efficiency improvements to meet environmental standards and regulations for existing coal-fired power plants. To have mechanisms to encourage fuel switching for coal-fired thermal power plants.

Regarding co-generation, waste heat, waste gas, biomass, waste, and solid waste-to-energy: To maximize the exploitation of biomass co-generation sources; to promote the development of power sources from urban waste treatment, solid waste, and biomass; to encourage power generation from the recovery of waste gas, waste heat, and excess water from factories; these types of power sources are to be developed without being limited by planning scale.

Regarding nuclear power: To urgently implement the Ninh Thuan 1 and Ninh Thuan 2 nuclear power projects with suitable partners, ensuring the highest benefits for Vietnam, taking into account previous agreements, to be operational in the 2030 - 2035 period. To build a Nuclear Power Development Program with flexible scales and small modular reactor nuclear power plants; to promote investment in research and development of atomic energy technology, gradually mastering nuclear power technology, including nuclear reactor technology; to select advanced technology suitable for Vietnam's conditions, ensuring absolute security, safety, and optimizing overall socio-economic efficiency; to encourage both state and private sector enterprises to participate in the development of small modular nuclear power.

- Regarding strengthening strategic energy reserves and energy storage: To build and implement a national energy reserve strategy; a strategy for managing, using, storing, and protecting strategic minerals for energy development. To invest in building a system of crude oil, petroleum, gas, and coal storage facilities suitable for socio-economic development needs and national energy security, both on land and at sea. To develop energy storage systems suitable for the increasing proportion of renewable energy to enhance the reliability and stability of the power system. To invest in building large-scale battery storage systems and other advanced energy storage types.

- Regarding building the energy industry and developing the energy equipment manufacturing industry: To build domestic energy industry corporations capable of being EPC general contractors for large-scale, modern projects and to implement a strategy for developing the domestic energy equipment manufacturing industry. To prioritize the development of industries with competitive advantages and large consumer markets such as manufacturing electrical equipment and renewable energy equipment. To have breakthrough mechanisms and policies to promote research and development in the energy industry, rapidly increasing the localization rate and self-reliance capacity in the entire energy sector.

- Regarding developing modern, smart, sustainable energy infrastructure with effective regional and international connectivity: To build and develop a national energy information system and database to meet the requirements of sustainable, efficient, and safe energy development. To promote the socialization of energy infrastructure and services. To have policies prioritizing investment in energy infrastructure development; to build synchronous energy import-export infrastructure; to identify a list of shared energy infrastructure; to clearly define the strategic energy infrastructure that must be controlled by the State. To invest in modernizing the power sector from production, transmission to distribution, and efficient use, meeting the development requirements of the power market; to enhance the ability to ensure power grid security and the quality of electricity services. To develop the transmission grid system in sync with the development of power sources, capable of integrating large-scale renewable and new energy sources, etc. To continue investing in building 500 kV, 220 kV lines and substations to ensure the ability to transmit electricity from power production centers to load centers and to interconnect with ASEAN countries, especially Cambodia, Laos, etc., contributing to connecting the three economies. To mobilize capital from the private sector to participate in the development of power transmission infrastructure under the public-private partnership (PPP) model.

4. Promoting energy savings, environmental protection, climate change response, flexibly implementing international emission reduction commitments; establishing governance and risk response measures

To vigorously implement the National Program on Economical and Efficient Use of Energy for the period up to 2030 and the National Demand Side Management Program. To restructure and encourage the development of industries that use energy efficiently and bring the highest socio-economic benefits. To specify mandatory energy saving targets for each industry, sector, and locality. To promote technological innovation, applying technical standards and regulations on energy efficiency for equipment, machinery, vehicles, and construction works; to gradually phase out equipment, machinery, and vehicles with low energy efficiency and high environmental emissions; to encourage businesses to invest in new, high-efficiency technologies. To research and form a fund for sustainable energy development to promote the economical and efficient use of energy and environmental protection; to promote socialization. To have policies to support businesses that self-produce and use clean energy.

To implement synchronous and flexible solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the energy sector in line with the country's development situation and international support. To build a National Energy Transition Program; to have a roadmap for gradually reducing the use of fossil fuels in energy production in line with international commitments. To have plans for coal-fired thermal power plants to switch fuel to natural gas, biomass fuel, hydrogen, ammonia, etc.

To research the application of appropriate carbon tax policies for the use of fossil fuels; to regulate carbon emission limit standards. To build a system for measuring, reporting, and verifying greenhouse gas emissions according to international standards. To urgently build a carbon credit exchange mechanism, develop a domestic carbon market, and connect with the international market. To have policies prioritizing the development of advanced, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly technologies. To improve the legal framework, promoting the development of carbon capture, storage, and reuse technologies, especially in power production using fossil fuels. To promote research and application of low-carbon and carbon-neutral technologies in the energy sector.

To widely implement the circular economy model, utilizing waste from industrial production as fuel for energy production. To invest in upgrading flue gas and wastewater treatment systems to international standards at power plants. To develop an automatic, continuous environmental monitoring system to closely monitor environmental parameters at energy projects. To strengthen supervision, inspection, and strict handling of environmental violations in the production and operation of power plants.

To establish a governance and risk response system; to build and regularly update scenarios, implementing solutions to respond to climate change, and prevent and combat natural disasters right from the project location selection, design, and construction process to production and operation, ensuring the safety of the energy sector. To promote international cooperation in responding to climate change, strengthening experience sharing and transfer of green technologies from advanced countries.

To proactively research and assess the impact of canals, reservoirs, and dams in countries sharing rivers with our country on the operation of domestic power sources; to build response scenarios and address extreme impacts of drought and water shortages. To focus on repairing, upgrading, and reusing water from hydropower dams, reviewing operating procedures, modernizing monitoring and warning systems, ensuring absolute safety for the structures and downstream areas.

5. Focusing on mobilizing all social resources, strongly encouraging the private sector to participate in energy development

To have breakthrough mechanisms and policies to attract all social resources to participate in energy development, ensuring capital for implementing energy development master plans, especially the national power development plan for the 2021 - 2030 period, with a vision toward 2050. To have mechanisms for providing preferential credit or Government guarantees for nationally important energy projects that need investment priority, including large-scale, important, and urgent BOT power projects. To encourage and create conditions for businesses to increase capital mobilization through domestic and international bond issuance.

To promote the delegation of autonomy, self-decision, and self-responsibility to enterprises; to review and supplement appropriate special mechanisms and policies to create favorable conditions and ensure sufficient capital for state-owned corporations and enterprises to implement large-scale, important, and urgent energy projects. To continue restructuring, innovating, improving the operational efficiency and the leading, competitive role of state-owned enterprises in the energy sector; to strongly apply science, technology, and digital transformation in corporate governance.

To promote the attraction of private investment and foreign investment, removing obstacles to utilize Official Development Assistance (ODA) and international support, especially the capital within the framework of the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) for energy projects. To develop the green bond market, and implement green credit. To encourage businesses and people to participate in investing in the development of small and medium-sized renewable energy projects, and projects that both produce and consume energy. To urgently improve the legal system for contract enforcement and dispute resolution; to have a special mechanism to definitively resolve long-standing, backlogged energy development projects and contracts that waste social resources; to end the situation where state-owned enterprises delay payment obligations under contracts signed with private enterprises.

To develop the power market towards enhancing competitiveness, transparency, efficiency, and synchronicity with ensuring energy security; to effectively implement the direct power purchase mechanism, while strengthening the choice of electricity customers in accessing and selecting a suitable power supplier according to their needs. To build and improve the power trading system, including a transparent, stable, long-term power purchase agreement (PPA) mechanism that ensures the legitimate rights and interests of investors. To encourage private enterprises to participate in energy storage infrastructure investment projects such as battery storage, LNG terminals, and petroleum storage facilities both on land and at sea. To innovate the power transmission pricing mechanism to strongly attract the private sector to invest in the development of the transmission grid.

6. Creating breakthroughs in the development of science, technology, innovation, digital transformation, and human resource training in the energy sector

To drastically and effectively implement Resolution No. 57 of the Political Bureau on breakthroughs in developing science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation in the energy sector. To continue reviewing and amending the Law on Science and Technology, the Law on Technology Transfer, and the Law on Standards and Technical Regulations to promote research and development of science and technology, prioritizing the transfer and application of advanced, high, and environmentally friendly technologies in the energy sector. To focus investment on research and development with a minimum rate of 2% of the energy sector's GDP. To create favorable, strong, and highly autonomous mechanisms to encourage energy enterprises to increase investment in research and development; to establish research, testing, innovation centers, and national key laboratories in the energy sector; to attract 60 - 80 advanced technology transfer projects. To have a mechanism allowing innovation centers to mobilize resources from the private sector to invest in and support innovative enterprises and projects in the new and clean energy sectors. To promote research, application, and transfer of advanced technologies and digital transformation in the exploitation, production, transmission, distribution, and use of energy; to research and develop energy storage technology. To develop a smart grid system and smart energy management systems in industry, transport, and construction.

To form a linkage mechanism between scientists and training institutions with enterprises in the energy sector through science and technology programs; to integrate research and development activities into energy development strategies, master plans, and roadmaps. To build a project to promote the development of high-quality human resources for the energy sector, including it in the list of key training disciplines. To train at least 25,000 - 35,000 engineers and experts in the energy field, with special priority for the nuclear energy sector. To have policies prioritizing the training of high-quality human resources and attracting foreign experts and overseas Vietnamese to return to work in the fields of nuclear energy, renewable energy, and new energy.

7. Strengthening international cooperation, contributing to promoting the rapid, sustainable development of the energy sector and ensuring national energy security

To expand and deepen international cooperation on energy with important partners in all sub-sectors and fields. To promote cooperation in research, development, technology transfer, and human resource training, especially for the development of nuclear power and new energy. To actively participate in international initiatives and commitments on energy transition and greenhouse gas emission reduction in a flexible manner, consistent with the country's actual conditions. To actively and effectively implement the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP). To urgently remove bottlenecks in mechanisms and policies in implementing international cooperation projects related to the exploitation of natural resources, energy transition, clean energy development, and climate change response, in conjunction with protecting national interests and security.

To proactively plan for electricity imports from neighboring countries to meet domestic demand; to have mechanisms to support and encourage domestic enterprises to invest in energy projects abroad and exploit energy resources for import to Vietnam. To expand partnerships with energy investment companies and developers of advanced technologies. To focus on energy development cooperation with neighboring countries, countries in the Greater Mekong Sub-region and Southeast Asia, and countries that are time-honored friends and partners of Vietnam. To promote the implementation of exchange and coordination mechanisms with countries in the region, especially ASEAN countries, on energy security; to promote cooperation and connection of the ASEAN power grid and Southern China. To promote the development of renewable energy export projects to ASEAN countries and international cooperation on nuclear power with countries having advanced technology. To proactively and actively participate in international organizations on nuclear energy, especially the IAEA. To implement international commitments in the research and application of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.

IV - ORGANIZATION OF IMPLEMENTATION

1. Provincial and municipal Party committees, Party committees directly under the Central Committee, and Party commissions shall organize the study and thorough understanding of the Resolution for officials and Party members; develop programs and plans for the implementation of the Resolution. Party committees and local authorities shall direct, urge, check, and supervise energy investment projects in their localities according to regulations.

2. The Party Committee of the National Assembly shall lead and direct the research, amendment, supplementation, and finalization of legislation to create favorable conditions for national energy development in the spirit of the Resolution; strengthen supervision of the formulation and implementation of national energy development strategies, master plans, and policies; firmly ensure national energy security to meet the requirements of socio-economic development in the new situation.

3. The Government's Party Committee shall lead and direct the implementation of the National Energy Development Strategy and development strategies of energy sub-sectors, the National Energy Master Plan, and the adjusted Power Development Plan VIII in line with the spirit of the Resolution; submit to the National Assembly for amendment and issuance of relevant laws to create a favorable environment for development and ensure national energy security; where necessary, submit to the National Assembly for issuance of a thematic Resolution on mechanisms and policies to remove difficulties for national energy development in the 2026 - 2030 period; prioritize the allocation of sufficient resources to implement the tasks stated in the Resolution.

4. The Party Committee of the Fatherland Front and central-level mass organizations shall lead and direct, and promote their role in, social supervision and criticism, participating in the development of legislation, mechanisms, and policies on ensuring national energy security.

5. The Communications - Education and Mass Mobilization Commission under the Central Committee shall assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with the Policy and Strategy Commission under the Central Committee and related agencies in, guiding the thorough implementation of the Resolution.

6. The Policy and Strategy Commission under the Central Committee shall assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with related agencies in, regularly monitoring, guiding, inspecting, supervising, and urging the implementation of the Resolution; periodically conducting preliminary and final reviews of the implementation, and reporting to the Political Bureau and the Party Central Committee’s Secretariat.